Wiktionary

準

See also: 准 and 凖
準 U+6E96, 準
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E96
← 溕
[U+6E95] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 溗 →
[U+6E97]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

準 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水土十 (EGJ), four-corner 30401, composition ⿱淮十)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 639, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17934
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1046, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1700, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6E96

Chinese edit

trad. 準
simp. 准*
alternative forms 凖
准
淮

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (隼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
隼 *sqʰʷinʔ
榫 *sqʰʷinʔ
准 *qʷjinʔ
準 *qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 隼 (OC *sqʰʷinʔ) – “water level”.

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 準 準
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 諄 (47) 仙 (82)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 之尹切 職悅切
Baxter tsywinX tsywet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiuɪnX/ /t͡ɕiuᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕʷinX/ /t͡ɕʷiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjuenX/ /t͡ɕjuæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cwinX/ /cwiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiuĕnX/ /t͡ɕiuɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭuĕnX/ /t͡ɕĭuɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯uĕnX/ /t͡ɕi̯wɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhǔn zhuo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zeon2 zyut3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 準
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhǔn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsywinX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*turʔ/
English water-level

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 準 準
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 12189 12190
Phonetic
component 		隼 隼
Rime
group 		眞 月
Rime
subdivision 		1 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		準 拙
Old
Chinese 		/*qʷjinʔ/ /*qʷjed/
Notes 通出頁見漢書

Definitions edit

準

  1. † water-level; flat; level
  2. (historical) water level (measuring instrument)
  3. standard; criterion; norm
    標準／标准  ―  biāozhǔn  ―  standard, norm
    準則／准则  ―  zhǔnzé  ―  standard, norm
    基準／基准  ―  jīzhǔn  ―  norm, reference frame
  4. accurate; exact
    這塊手錶很準。 [MSC, trad.]
    这块手表很准。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè kuài shǒubiǎo hěn zhǔn. [Pinyin]
    This watch keeps time very well.
    他的槍法真準，一個移動靶都沒有漏射。 [MSC, trad.]
    他的枪法真准，一个移动靶都没有漏射。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de qiāngfǎ zhēn zhǔn, yī ge yídòng bǎ dōu méi yǒu lòu shè. [Pinyin]
    He is good with a gun, he doesn't miss any moving target.
  5. certainly; surely
    那準不對。／那准不对。  ―  Nà zhǔn bù duì.  ―  That is definitely wrong.
    他準是開玩笑，要不就是瘋了。 [MSC, trad.]
    他准是开玩笑，要不就是疯了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā zhǔn shì kāi wánxiào, yàobù jiù shì fēng le. [Pinyin]
    He must be joking or else he's mad.
  6. quasi-; pene-; para-

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

See also 準ずる

Kanji edit

準

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. water level (measuring instrument)
  2. standard, norm
  3. correspond to
  4. semi-, quasi-

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Compounds

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
準
じゅん
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation edit

Prefix edit

準(じゅん) • (jun-) ←じゆん (zyun)?

  1. sub-; quasi-
    準一級(じゅんいっきゅう)
    jun-ikkyū
    level pre-1
    準優勝(じゅんゆうしょう)
    jun-yūshō
    second place

Noun edit

Kanji in this term
準
みずもり
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

準(みずもり) • (mizumori) ←みづもり (midumori)?

  1. water level (measuring instrument)

Proper noun edit

準(ひとし) • (Hitoshi) 

  1. a male given name

Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Chinese 準 (MC tsywinX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕu(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [준(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

準 (eumhun 준할 준 (junhal jun))

  1. Hanja form? of 준 (“standard”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle Chinese 準 (MC tsywet).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

準 (eumhun 콧마루 절 (konmaru jeol))

  1. (archaic) Hanja form? of 절 (“nose bridge”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

準: Hán Nôm readings: chuẩn, choán, chốn, chủn, trúng, trốn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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