腸

See also: 肠 and 膓

Contents

TranslingualEdit

EtymologyEdit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'aŋ): semantic 肉 ‎(“body”) + phonetic 昜 ‎(OC *laŋ)

Han characterEdit

腸 (radical 130 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月日一竹 (BAMH), four-corner 7622₇, composition ⿰月昜)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 990, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29721
• Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2095, character 9
• Unihan data for U+8178

---

ChineseEdit

trad.		腸
simp.		肠

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cháng (chang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴, coeng^4-2
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòng
• Min Dong (BUC): diòng
• Min Nan (POJ): tn̂g / chhiân / chhiâng / tiông
• Wu (Wiktionary): zan (T3)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: cháng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'ang²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: changr
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴, coeng^4-2
    • Yale: chèuhng, chéung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴, tsoeng^4-2
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰœːŋ²¹/, /t͡ɕʰœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: congˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong²
    • IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: diòng
    • IPA ^(key): /tuoŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̂g / chhiân / chhiâng / tiông
    • Tâi-lô: tn̂g / tshiân / tshiâng / tiông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dngg, chieen, chiaang, dioong
    • IPA (Taipei): /tŋ̍²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²⁴/, /tiɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tŋ̍¹³/, /t͡ɕʰiɛn¹³/, /t͡ɕʰiaŋ¹³/, /tiɔŋ¹³/
    • Note: tn̂g - vernacular; chhiâng/tiông - literary; chhiân - common variant.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: zan (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /z̻ã²³/

---

• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 腸
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰɑŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/tʃʰaŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰɔ̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑ̃⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰaŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰaŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰaŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰã̠¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡suə¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/zã²³/
	Suzhou	/zã¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zɑŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑi³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰia⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰiau⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂan¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ɖ͡ʐɔn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/tʃʰoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰœŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰœŋ³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/tiɔŋ³⁵/ /tŋ̍³⁵/ /t͡sʰiaŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/touŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/tiɔŋ²¹/ /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡siaŋ⁵⁵/ /tɯŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/siaŋ³¹/ /ʔdo³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɖɨɐŋ/▼

Rime
Character	腸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*lraŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'aŋ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjang ›
Old Chinese	/*lraŋ/
English	intestines
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腸
Reading #	1/1
No.	14579
Phonetic component	昜
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	長
Old Chinese	/*l'aŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

腸

1. intestines
2. emotions
3. sausage

CompoundsEdit

• 粉腸／粉肠 (fěncháng)

ReferencesEdit

• “Query for 腸”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

---

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

腸

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: じょう (jō)
• Kan’on: ちょう (chō)
• Kun: はらわた (harawata), わた (wata)

CompoundsEdit

• 腸管 (ちょうかん) ‎(chōkan)
• 胃腸 (いちょう) ‎(ichō)
• 十二指腸 (じゅうにしちょう) ‎(jūnishichō)
• 小腸 (しょうちょう) ‎(shōchō)
• 大腸 (だいちょう) ‎(daichō)
• 断腸 (だんちょう) ‎(danchō)

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
腸
わた Grade: 4
kun'yomi

PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) わた​ [wàtáꜜ] (Odaka - [2])
• IPA^(key): [ɰᵝa̠ta̠]

NounEdit

腸 ‎(hiragana わた, romaji wata)

1. (anatomy) the intestines

Derived termsEdit

• 腸 (はらわた) ‎(harawata)

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
腸
はらわた Grade: 4
kun'yomi

• [parawata] → [ɸarawata] → [harawata]. Compound of 腹 ‎(hara, “stomach”) +‎ 腸 ‎(wata, “intestines”).

PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) はらわ​た [hàráwáꜜtà] (Nakadaka - [3])
• (Tokyo) はらわた [hàráwátá] (Heiban - [0])
• (Tokyo) はらわた​ [hàráwátáꜜ] (Odaka - [4])
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾ̠a̠ɰᵝa̠ta̠]

NounEdit

腸 ‎(hiragana はらわた, romaji harawata)

1. (anatomy) the large intestines
   • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki

     脯 趺武友 乾肉薄折之曰脯也 大小腸 波良汙多

   • 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō:

     大腸 中黄子云 大腸 音長 波良和太 [...] 爲傳送之府 [...] 膽者中正之官 脾胃者倉稟之官 大腸者傳道之官 小腸者受盛之官 [...]

2. (anatomy) intestines

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
腸
ちょう Grade: 4
on'yomi

/tyau/ → /tyoː/.

PronunciationEdit

• On'yomi: Kan'on
• (Tokyo) ちょ​う [chóꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ː]

NounEdit

腸 ‎(hiragana ちょう, romaji chō, historical hiragana ちやう)

1. (anatomy) the intestines; the bowels
   • 1993 December 15, Noriko Sasaki, 動どう物ぶつのお医い者しゃさん [The Veterinarian], volume 3 (fiction, in Japanese), 36th edition, Tokyo: Hakusensha, ISBN 4-592-11084-6, page 23:

     年 (とし)頃 (ごろ)の女 (じょ)性 (せい)が自 (じ)分 (ぶん)の腸 (ちょう)なんか見 (み)ていていいのだろうか

     Toshigoro no josei ga jibun no chō nanka miteite ī no darōka

     Is it okay for a woman of marriage age to look at her own guts?

ReferencesEdit

• Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, ISBN 978-4-490-30010-9.
• Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, ISBN 978-4-653-00507-0, published 1968.

---

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

腸 • ‎(jang) (hangeul 장, McCune-Reischauer chang, Yale cang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

腸 (tràng, trường, trướng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.