膀

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

膀 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 月卜月尸 (BYBS), four-corner 7022₇, composition ⿰⺼旁)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 990, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29748
Dae Jaweon: page 1443, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2104, character 3
Unihan data for U+8180

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	paːŋʔ, praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	paːŋʔ, braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	paːŋʔ, paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	paːŋs, braːŋ
舫	paːŋs, paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	pʰaːŋ, pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	pʰaːŋʔ, baːŋ
彷	baːŋ, pʰaŋʔ
趽	baːŋ, paŋ, *paŋs
房	baːŋ, baŋ
篣	baːŋ, braːŋ
騯	baːŋ, praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	baːŋ, baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	paŋ, baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	paŋ, baŋ
邡	paŋ, pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	paŋ, baŋ
鴋	paŋ, baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	paŋʔ, paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	pʰaŋ, pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	baŋ, baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *baːŋ): semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).

Etymology 1Edit

trad.		膀
simp. ^#		膀
alternative forms		髈／膀𦜅𦜶

Probably cognate with 膊 (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, it may be related to etymology 3 since the shoulders are on two sides (Liu, 1999).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bǎng (bang³)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˇ

(Chengdu, SP): bang³
Cantonese (Jyutping): bong², pong⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): bon²
Min Nan (POJ): póng
Wu (Wiktionary): ²paan
Xiang (Wiktionary): ban³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎng
  - Wade–Giles: pang³
  - Yale: bǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baang
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (膀兒／膀儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎngr
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˇㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎngr
  - Wade–Giles: pangrh³
  - Yale: bǎngr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baangl
  - Palladius: банр (banr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑ̃ɻ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bang³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bong², pong⁴
  - Yale: bóng, pòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bong², pong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: bong², pong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːŋ³⁵/, /pʰɔːŋ²¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bon²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pɒ̃⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: póng
  - Tâi-lô: póng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: porng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔŋ⁴¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²paan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑ̃³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ban³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan⁴¹/

DefinitionsEdit

膀

upper arm; shoulder
wing

CompoundsEdit

光膀子 (guāngbǎngzi)
冷肩膀
嫩肩膀
挨肩擦膀
擦肩膀
溜肩膀 (liūjiānbǎng)

翅膀 (chìbǎng)
翅膀硬 (chìbǎng yìng)
肩膀 (jiānbǎng)
肩膀窄
膀子 (bǎngzi)
膀扇子

膀臂 (bǎngbì)
臂膀 (bìbǎng)
蹄膀 (tíbǎng)
肩膀不齊／肩膀不齐
肩膀兒寬／肩膀儿宽

Etymology 2Edit

trad.		膀
simp. ^#		膀
alternative forms		𦜶

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to PTB *(b/p)wa(ŋ/k)?”)

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): páng (pang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phòng
Min Nan (POJ): pông / phông / phōng
Wu (Wiktionary): ³baan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: páng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: páng
  - Wade–Giles: pʻang²
  - Yale: páng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
  - Palladius: пан (pan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pong⁴
  - Yale: pòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: pongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pong²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰoŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pông
  - Tâi-lô: pông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen): /pɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Magong, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phông
  - Tâi-lô: phông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoong
  - IPA (Yilan, Tainan): /pʰɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phōng
  - Tâi-lô: phōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phong
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³baan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /b̥ɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: /bɑŋ/

Rime
Character	膀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	步光切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋ/
Li Rong	/bɑŋ/
Wang Li	/bɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pong⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*baːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膀
Reading #	1/1
No.	3006
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

膀

Only used in 膀胱 (pángguāng).

CompoundsEdit

膀胱 (pángguāng)
膀胱炎 (pángguāngyán)

膀胱癌 (pángguāng'ái)

膀胱鏡／膀胱镜 (pángguāngjìng)

Etymology 3Edit

trad.		膀
simp. ^#		膀
alternative forms		髈／膀𦜶

Cognate with 旁 (OC *baːŋ, “side”) (Liu, 1999).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): páng (pang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: páng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: páng
  - Wade–Giles: pʻang²
  - Yale: páng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
  - Palladius: пан (pan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pong⁴
  - Yale: pòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /bɑŋ/

Rime
Character	膀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	步光切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baŋ/
Li Rong	/bɑŋ/
Wang Li	/bɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pong⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*baːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膀
Reading #	1/1
No.	3006
Phonetic component	方
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	傍
Old Chinese	/*baːŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

膀

^† flank; side of one's torso

Etymology 4Edit

trad.		膀
simp. ^#		膀
alternative forms		胮䏺𦜶

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pāng (pang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pang
  - Wade–Giles: pʻang¹
  - Yale: pāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pang
  - Palladius: пан (pan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: pong¹
  - Yale: pōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: pong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

DefinitionsEdit

膀

(chiefly Mandarin, colloquial) swollen; puffed
那個人臉都膀了。／那个人脸都膀了。 ― Nèi ge rén liǎn dōu pāng le. ― That person's face is swollen.

CompoundsEdit

奶膀子 (nǎipāngzi)

膀浪

膀腫／膀肿

Etymology 5Edit

trad.		膀
simp. ^#		膀
alternative forms		棒𦜶

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bàng, bǎng (bang⁴, bang³)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ, ㄅㄤˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
  - Wade–Giles: pang⁴
  - Yale: bàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎng
  - Wade–Giles: pang³
  - Yale: bǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baang
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ²¹⁴/

DefinitionsEdit

膀

Only used in 吊膀子 (diào bàngzi) and 膀子吊.

ReferencesEdit

“膀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

膀

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: ぼう (bō)
Kan-on: ほう (hō)
Kun: わきばら (wakibara); ふくれる (fukureru)

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 膀 (MC bɑŋ). Recorded as Middle Korean 바ᇰ (pang) (Yale: pang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

膀

Wikisource

膀, eumhun 오줌 통 방 (ojumtong bang)

Hanja form^? of 방 (“bladder”).

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

방광 (膀胱, banggwang, “urinary bladder”)
방광염 (膀胱炎, banggwang'yeom)

ReferencesEdit

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]