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鹿

鹿 U+9E7F, 鹿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9E7F
← 鹾
[U+9E7E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 麀 →
[U+9E80]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 198 鹿

鹿 (radical 198, 鹿+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈X心 (IXP), four-corner 00211, composition ⿸⿸广⿻コ⿰丨丨比)

  1. Kangxi radical #198, ⿅.

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1508, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47586
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2036, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4727, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9E7F

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 鹿
 
Wikipedia has an article on:
 
鹿

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 鹿
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (鹿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鄜 *pʰlo, *roːɡ
鹿 *b·roːɡ
漉 *roːɡ
轆 *roːɡ
簏 *roːɡ
螰 *roːɡ
麓 *roːɡ
騼 *roːɡ
摝 *roːɡ
廘 *roːɡ
蔍 *roːɡ
鏕 *roːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a deer. Current form is highly abstracted – legs have transformed to 比 – note grouping of front and rear legs, which are bent – head has transformed to middle component (similar to 凸/曲), while antlers on top and extended lip/mouth on left transformed into 广. This transformation occurred during seal characters.

Contrast the very different development of 馬 (“horse”), and the transformation in 𢊁 (as in 薦), which has the head of 鹿 but the legs of 馬 (灬).

EtymologyEdit

Uncertain, though possibly Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Northern Naga *gjuk "deer, sambar", from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *g-rjuk (French, 1983); Also according to French, Benedict relates the Tibeto-Burman item to Western Gurung [script needed] (gju, “sheep”), yet the Gurung item has an alternative explanation (compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”)).

Note also Nung klook (“deer”).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • lĕ̤k - vernacular;
  • lṳ̆k - literary.
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data▼
    Variety Location 鹿
    Mandarin Beijing /lu⁵¹/
    Harbin /lu⁵³/
    Tianjin /lu⁵³/
    Jinan /lu²¹/
    Qingdao /lu²⁴/
    Zhengzhou /lu²⁴/
    Xi'an /lu²¹/
    Xining /lv̩⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /lu¹³/
    Lanzhou /lu¹³/
    Ürümqi /lu²¹³/
    Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
    Chengdu /nu³¹/
    Guiyang /nu²¹/
    Kunming /lu³¹/
    Nanjing /luʔ⁵/
    Hefei /luəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /luəʔ²/
    Pingyao /luʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /luəʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /loʔ¹/
    Suzhou /loʔ³/
    Hangzhou /loʔ²/
    Wenzhou /lɤu²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /lu²²/
    Tunxi /ləu¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ləu²⁴/
    Xiangtan /nəɯ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /luʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /luk̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /luk̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lok̚²/
    Nanning /luk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /luk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lɔk̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /løyʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /lu⁴²/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /tek̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /lok̚⁵/
    /ʔdiak̚³/
    Rime
    Character 鹿
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 屋 (3)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 盧谷切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/luk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/luk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/luk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ləwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/luk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/luk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/luk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lù
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 鹿
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ luwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mə-rˁok/
    English deer

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 鹿
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8565
    Phonetic
    component         		鹿
    Rime
    group         		屋
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		禄
    Old
    Chinese         		/*b·roːɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    鹿

    1. deer
    2. A surname​.

    SynonymsEdit

    Dialectal synonyms of 鹿 (“deer”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 鹿
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鹿
    Taxonomic name 鹿
    Mandarin Beijing 鹿
    Taiwan 鹿
    Jinan 鹿
    Xi'an 鹿
    Wuhan 鹿
    Chengdu 鹿子
    Yangzhou 鹿
    Hefei 鹿
    Singapore 鹿
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 鹿
    Cantonese Guangzhou 鹿
    Hong Kong 鹿
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 鹿
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 鹿
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 鹿
    Yangjiang 鹿
    Kuala Lumpur 鹿
    Ho Chi Minh City 鹿
    Gan Nanchang 鹿
    Hakka Meixian 鹿仔
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鹿仔
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 鹿仔
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 鹿仔
    Dongshi (Dabu) 鹿
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 鹿仔, 鹿
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 鹿
    Hong Kong 鹿
    Senai 鹿
    Jin Taiyuan 鹿兒
    Min Bei Jian'ou 鹿
    Min Dong Fuzhou 鹿
    Min Nan Xiamen 鹿
    Quanzhou 鹿
    Jinjiang 鹿
    Dongshan 鹿
    Taipei 鹿仔
    Kaohsiung 鹿仔
    Tainan 鹿
    Taichung 鹿仔
    Hsinchu 鹿仔
    Lukang 鹿仔
    Sanxia 鹿仔
    Yilan 鹿仔
    Kinmen 鹿仔
    Magong 鹿
    Penang 鹿
    Philippines (Manila) 鹿
    Chaozhou 鹿
    Johor Bahru 鹿
    Puxian Min Putian 鹿
    Wu Shanghai 鹿
    Suzhou 鹿
    Wuxi 鹿
    Hangzhou 鹿
    Wenzhou 鹿
    Danyang 鹿頭
    Jinhua 鹿
    Ningbo 鹿
    Xiang Changsha 鹿
    Shuangfeng 鹿

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 鹿

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    鹿

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. deer

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    か
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.[1]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana か, rōmaji ka)

    1. (archaic) deer
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    しか
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    /seka/ → /sika/

    Originally a compound of 夫 (se, “male”) +‎ 鹿 (ka, “deer”), in contrast to 女鹿 (meka, “female deer”, archaic).[1][2]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana しか, rōmaji shika)

    1. deer
      奈 (な)良 (ら)公 (こう)園 (えん)には鹿 (しか)しかいない。
      Nara kōen ni wa shika shika inai.
      There is nothing but deer in Nara Park.
    IdiomsEdit
    Idioms

    DescendantsEdit

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    かせぎ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From the resemblance to a 桛木 (kasegi, “cross-shaped spindle; a branching point in a tree”)

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana かせぎ, rōmaji kasegi)

    1. (archaic) deer
      • 1212: Hōjōki
        山鳥 (やまどり)のほろと鳴 (な)くを聞 (き)きても、父 (ちち)か母 (はは)かと疑 (うたが)ひ、峰 (みね)のかせぎの近 (ちか)くなれたるにつけても、世 (よ)に遠 (とお)ざかるほどを知 (し)る。
        Yamadori no horo to naku o kikite mo, chichi ka haha ka to utagahi, mine no kasegi no chikaku naretaru ni tsukete mo, yo ni tōzakaru hodo oshiru.
        Hearing the horo call of the mountain pheasant, wondering if it were my father or mother [calling from beyond the grave], and seeing how the deer on the ridge are so tame that they come close by, all of it shows me how far away I am from the world.

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    かのしし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    Originally a compound of 鹿 (ka, “deer”) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 肉 (しし, “meat, flesh”).[1][2]

    PronunciationEdit

    Alternative formsEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana かのしし, rōmaji kanoshishi)

    1. (archaic) deer
    2. deer meat: venison

    Etymology 5Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    しし
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    From 肉 (shishi, “meat, flesh”).[1][2]

    PronunciationEdit

    Alternative formsEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana しし, rōmaji shishi)

    1. (archaic) a beast (used for its meat, such as a boar or a deer)
    2. short for 猪武者 (inoshishi musha): a reckless warrior
    3. short for 鹿狩り (shishi-gari): a deer hunter
    4. (slang) a female attendant at a bathhouse or hot spring
    5. (slang, archaic) a female prostitute at a bathhouse or hot spring
    Usage notesEdit

    The beast sense is more commonly spelled 獣.

    Etymology 6Edit

    Kanji in this term
    鹿
    ろく
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 鹿 (luwk, “deer”). Compare modern Min Nan reading lo̍k.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    鹿 (hiragana ろく, rōmaji roku)

    1. deer
    2. venison or wild boar meat

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    鹿 • (rok, nok) (hangeul 록, 녹, revised rok, nok, McCune–Reischauer rok, nok, Yale lok, nok)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    鹿 (lộc, lê)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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