鹿

Stroke order

§EtymologyEdit

Pictogram (象形) – a deer. Current form is highly abstracted – legs have transformed to 比 – note grouping of front and rear legs, which are bent – head has transformed to middle component (similar to 凸/曲), while antlers on top and extended lip/mouth on left transformed into 广. This simplification occurred during seal characters.

Contrast the very different development of 馬 (“horse”), and the hybrid simplification in 𢊁 (“bison”) (as in 薦), which has the head of 鹿 but the legs of 馬 (灬).

§Han characterEdit

鹿 (radical 198 鹿+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈X心 (IXP), four-corner 0021₁)

1. deer
2. used as a surname
3. KangXi radical 198

§Derived charactersEdit

• Index:Chinese radical/鹿
• 塵

§Related charactersEdit

• 𢊁 (as in 薦)

§ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 1508, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47586
• Dae Jaweon: page 2036, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4727, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9E7F

---

		-
simp. and trad.		鹿

§PronunciationEdit

Middle Chinese pronunciation (鹿, reconstructed)
Character (鹿), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 來 (37) Final: 屋 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 盧谷切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/luk̚/	/luk̚/	/luk̚/	/luk̚/	/ləwk̚/	/luk̚/	/luk̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (鹿, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
鹿								lù								‹ luwk ›								/*mə-rˤok/								deer
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
鹿					8565					鹿					屋					0					禄					/*b·roːɡ/

§ReferencesEdit

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

---

§KanjiEdit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. deer

§ReadingsEdit

• On: ろく (roku)
• Kun: か (ka), しか (shika), かせぎ (kasegi), かのしし, (kanoshishi), しし (shishi)

§Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

か Grade: S

kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.^[1]

§PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠]

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana か, romaji ka)

1. (archaic) deer

§Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

しか Grade: S

kun'yomi

/seka/ → /sika/

Originally a compound of 夫 (se, “male”) +‎ 鹿 (ka, “deer”), in contrast to 女鹿 (meka, “female deer”, archaic).^[1][2]

§PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) しか [shìká] (Heiban - [0])^[2]
• (Tokyo) しか​ [shìká] (Odaka - [2])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɕika̠]

• Audio

  (file)

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana しか, romaji shika)

1. deer

   奈良公園 (ならこうえん)には鹿 (しか)しかいない。

   Nara kōen ni wa shika shika inai.

   There is nothing but deer in Nara Park.

§Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

かせぎ Grade: S

kun'yomi

From the resemblance to a 桛木 (kasegi, “cross-shaped spindle; a branching point in a tree”)

§PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠se̞ɡ̃i]

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana かせぎ, romaji kasegi)

1. (archaic) deer
   • 1212: Hōjōki

     山鳥 (やまどり)のほろと鳴 (な)くを聞 (き)きても、父 (ちち)か母 (はは)かと疑 (うたが)ひ、峰 (みね)のかせぎの近 (ちか)くなれたるにつけても、世 (よ)に遠 (とお)ざかるほどを知 (し)る。

     Yamadori no horo to naku o kikite mo, chichi ka haha ka to utagahi, mine no kasegi no chikaku naretaru ni tsukete mo, yo ni tōzakaru hodo oshiru.

     Hearing the horo call of the mountain pheasant, wondering if it were my father or mother [calling from beyond the grave], and seeing how the deer on the ridge are so tame that they come close by, all of it shows me how far away I am from the world.

§Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

かのしし Grade: S

kun'yomi

Originally a compound of 鹿 (ka, “deer”) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 肉 (しし, “meat, flesh”).^[1][2]

§PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠no̞ɕiɕi]

§Alternative formsEdit

• 鹿の肉

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana かのしし, romaji kanoshishi)

1. (archaic) deer
2. deer meat: venison

§Etymology 5Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

しし Grade: S

kun'yomi

From 肉 (shishi, “meat, flesh”).^[1][2]

§PronunciationEdit

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) し​し [shíshì] (Atamadaka - [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɕiɕi]

§Alternative formsEdit

• 獣, 猪

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana しし, romaji shishi)

1. (archaic) a beast (used for its meat, such as a boar or a deer)
2. short for 猪武者 (inoshishi musha): a reckless warrior
3. short for 鹿狩り (shishi-gari): a deer hunter
4. (slang) a female attendant at a bathhouse or hot spring
5. (slang, archaic) a female prostitute at a bathhouse or hot spring

§Usage notesEdit

The beast sense is more commonly spelled 獣.

§Etymology 6Edit

Kanji in this term

鹿

ろく Grade: S

on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 鹿 (luwk). Compare modern Min Nan 鹿 (lo̍k).

§PronunciationEdit

• On'yomi
• (Tokyo) ろく [ròkú] (Heiban - [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɺ̠o̞kɯᵝ]

§NounEdit

鹿 (hiragana ろく, romaji roku)

1. deer
2. venison or wild boar meat

§ReferencesEdit

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3} 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6} 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

• 1989 [1212], Teiji Ichiko, Hōjōki (Shintei), Iwanami Shoten, 4-00-301001-9:
• 1957, Minoru Nishio, Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei: Hōjōki, Tsurezuregusa, Iwanami Shoten, 4-00-060030-3:

---

§HanjaEdit

鹿 (rok, nok) (hangeul 록, 녹, revised rok, nok, McCune-Reischauer rok, nok, Yale lok, nok)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

---

§Han characterEdit

鹿 (lộc, lê)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.