bod
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Clipping of body. The "person" sense may alternatively derive from Scottish Gaelic bodach (“old man”) via Scots.[1]
PronunciationEdit
- (General American) IPA(key): /bɑd/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /bɒd/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɒd
NounEdit
bod (plural bods)
- (slang) The body.
- Fred likes to keep his bod in shape.
- (slang) A person.
- 2005, Richard Templar, The Rules of Management (page 73)
- There were cameras covering car parks, offices, corridors and storage areas in the basement. Result. The security bods started watching as if their lives depended on it.
- 2005, Richard Templar, The Rules of Management (page 73)
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Chambers 21st Century Dictionary, "bod (noun)"
AnagramsEdit
CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *bodъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bod m
- (geometry) point
- (temperature) point
- bod mrazu ― freezing point
- item (of an agenda)
- (sports) point, mark
- stab
- 1866, Josef Bojislav Pichl (translator), Don Quijote de la Mancha[1], Praha: I. L. Kober, translation of original by Miguel de Cervantes, page 34:
- Na moutě duchu! zvolal po těch slovích Sancho; ať nedím tři tisíce šlehů, ale ani tři si nedám, jako nedal bych si tři body dýkou.
- "By all that's good," exclaimed Sancho at this, "I'll just as soon give myself three stabs with a dagger as three, not to say three thousand, lashes.
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- bod in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- bod in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
AnagramsEdit
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Danish both, From Proto-Germanic *bōþō (“building, dwelling”), cognate with Old West Norse búð, English booth, German Bude.
NounEdit
bod c (singular definite boden, plural indefinite boder)
InflectionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Norse bót, from Proto-Germanic *bōtō (“improvement, atonement”), cognate with Swedish bot, English boot, German Buße, Dutch boete. Doublet of bøde.
NounEdit
bod c (singular definite boden, not used in plural form)
InflectionEdit
common gender |
Singular | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | |
nominative | bod | boden |
genitive | bods | bodens |
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch bot, from Old Dutch *bot, from Proto-Germanic *budą.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bod n (plural boden, diminutive bodje n)
Derived termsEdit
IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Irish bot (“tail; penis”), from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”) (cf. Welsh both (“hub”), Breton bod (“bush, shrub”)), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bod m (genitive singular boid, nominative plural boid)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
- bodach (“lusty, virile”, adjective)
- bodán (“cat's-tail grass”)
- bod an bhóthair (“vagrant, tramp”)
- bod ar dris (“stonechat”)
- bod bréige (“dildo”)
- bodchú (“mongrel hound”)
- bod donn, bod rua (“cod”)
- bod gadhair (“cuckoo-pint”)
- bod gaoithe (“kestrel”)
- bod gorm (“goldsinny”)
- bodmhadra (“mongrel dog”)
- bod mór (“ling”)
- bod na dtor (“blackcap; vagrant, tramp”)
- bodúil (“coarse, rough; churlish, rude, surly”, adjective)
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bod | bhod | mbod |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- "bod" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 bot”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *budą. Cognate with Old Norse boð.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
bod n (nominative plural bodu)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
PolishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bod m inan
DeclensionEdit
Further readingEdit
- bod in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scottish GaelicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Irish bot (“tail; penis”), from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bod m (genitive singular boid, plural boid)
MutationEdit
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
bod | bhod |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- “bod” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, →ISBN.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 bot”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *bodъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bȏd m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑д)
DeclensionEdit
SynonymsEdit
- (point): poen
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bȏd m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑д)
DeclensionEdit
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Swedish boþ, from Old Norse bóð (Compare Old West Norse búð).
NounEdit
bod c
DeclensionEdit
Declension of bod | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | bod | boden | bodar | bodarna |
Genitive | bods | bodens | bodars | bodarnas |
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
VolapükEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from German Brot, English bread and Dutch brood.
NounEdit
bod (nominative plural bods)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
WelshEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Welsh bot, from Proto-Celtic *butā (cf. Cornish bos, Breton bout), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become”); all the b- initial forms are from the same root.
The vowel-initial forms as well as sy(dd) are from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”).
The third-person singular present mae originally meant ‘here is’ and is from the same source as yma (“here”) plus Proto-Celtic *esti. The third-person plural maent (colloquial maen) is derived from the singular by adding the third-person plural verb ending -nt.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
bod (first-person singular present wyf)
- to be
- that... is, that... are, etc. (personal forms: (fy) mod i, (dy) fod di, (ei) fod e/o, (ei) bod hi, (ein) bod ni, (eich) bod chi, (eu) bod nhw)
- Dw i’n meddwl (ei) bod hi’n ddoniol. ― I think that she’s funny.
- Mae hi’n meddwl (fy) mod i’n dod. ― She thinks that I’m coming.
- Roedd Eleri yn dweud (dy) fod di’n sâl. ― Eleri was saying you were ill.
Usage notesEdit
- Bod is the primary auxiliary verb in Welsh, used to form a great number of tenses; see Appendix:Welsh conjugation.
- The two conditional tenses can be opted between freely.
- The preterite is relatively rare and mostly interchangeable with the imperfect.
- In the tenses given here, all forms of bod must be linked to a noun, adjective or verb with yn, wedi, or some other similar particle.
- Bod introduces a subordinate clause only when the corresponding main clause would begin with a form of bod (the verb "to be") in the present or imperfect tense.
- Nouns are preceded with bod, or fod if the preceding verb is conjugated.
ConjugationEdit
Colloquial forms | singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
present | affirmative | dw i, dwi, rw i, rwy, w i | rwyt ti | mae e/o/hi, ma' fe; ydy, yw; sy |
dan ni, ŷn ni | dach chi, ych chi, dych chi | maen nhw |
negative | dydw i ddim, dw i ddim, w i ddim, sa i | dwyt ti ddim, ti ddim, so ti | dydy e/o/hi ddim, tydy o/hi ddim, dyw e/hi ddim, so fe/hi; does dim; sy ddim |
dydyn ni ddim, dan ni ddim, dydan ni ddim, ŷn ni ddim, so ni | dydych chi ddim, dach chi ddim, dydach chi ddim, ych chi ddim, chi ddim, so chi | dydyn nhw ddim, ŷn nhw ddim, so nhw | |
interrogative | ydw i | wyt ti | ydy e/o/hi, yw e/hi; oes; sy |
ydan ni, ŷn ni | ydych chi, dach chi, ydach chi, ych chi | ydyn nhw, ŷn nhw | |
imperfect | affirmative | roeddwn i, o’n i | roeddet ti, o’t ti | roedd e/o/hi, oedd e/o/hi, o’dd e/o/hi | roedden ni, o’n ni | roeddech chi, o’ch chi | roedden nhw, o’n nhw |
negative | doeddwn i ddim, o’n i ddim, do’n i ddim | doeddet ti ddim, o’t ti ddim, do’t ti ddim | doedd e/o/hi ddim, oedd e/o/hi ddim, o’dd e/o/hi ddim, do’dd e/o/hi ddim | doedden ni ddim, o’n ni ddim, do’n ni ddim | doeddech chi ddim, o’ch chi ddim, do’ch chi ddim | doedden nhw ddim, o’n nhw ddim, do’n nhw ddim | |
interrogative | oeddwn i, o’n i | oeddet ti, o’t ti | oedd e/o/hi, oedd e/o/hi, o’dd e/o/hi | oedden ni, o’n ni | oeddech chi, o’ch chi | oedden nhw, o’n nhw | |
preterite | bues i | buest ti | buodd e/o/hi; bu |
buon ni | buoch chi | buon nhw | |
future | bydda i, ’dda i | byddi di | bydd e/o/hi | byddwn ni | byddwch chi | byddan nhw | |
conditional | byddwn i; baswn i, swn i |
byddet ti; baset ti, set ti |
byddai fe/fo/hi; basai fe/fo/hi, sa fo/hi, se fe/hi |
bydden ni; basen ni, sen ni |
byddech chi; basech chi, sech chi |
bydden nhw; basen nhw, sen nhw | |
counterfactual cond. forms used after optional pe |
taswn i, bawn i, tawn i | taset ti, baet ti, taet ti | tasai fe/fo/hi, bai fe/fo/hi, tai fe/fo/hi | tasen ni, baen ni, taen ni | tasech chi, baech chi, taech chi | tasen nhw, baen nhw, taen nhw | |
imperative | — | bydd, bydda | — | — | byddwch | — |
Derived termsEdit
- bod am (“to want”)
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
bod | fod | mod | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “bod”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies