nj

(Redirected from nj)
See also: Nj, NJ, nJ, .nj, and N.J.
nj U+01CC, nj
LATIN SMALL LETTER NJ
Nj
[U+01CB]
Latin Extended-B Ǎ
[U+01CD]
Nj in upper- and lowercase

Albanian edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

nj (upper case Nj)

  1. The twentieth letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also edit

Avokaya edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

nj (uppercase Nj)

  1. A letter of the Avokaya alphabet.

Egyptian edit

Etymology 1 edit

n (to, for) +‎ -j (nisba ending).

Pronunciation edit

 

Adjective edit

n
y
  1. of, belonging to
  2. made of (a material or composition)
  3. of, possessing (a quality)
  4. introduces the agent of an infinitive when it is a personal pronoun
Usage notes edit

This genitival adjective can be used to express the indirect genitive. In this case, it indicates that the noun preceding it, with which it agrees in gender and number, is possessed by the noun which follows it.

In Late Egyptian the functional contrasts of characterization versus specification that distinguished the indirect and direct genitive disappeared, and outside a restricted set of particular words the indirect genitive with nj largely supplanted the direct genitive without it.

Inflection edit

In Late Egyptian nj is usually not inflected by gender and number but invariably appears as n. Sometimes the writings of the former feminine and plural forms are used interchangeably with the masculine singular without distinction. The exception is in more formal texts, where the old distinctions and inflections are sometimes still used.

Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
  • Coptic: ⲛ̄- (n̄-), ⲙ̄- (m̄-)

Etymology 2 edit

Oréal hypothesizes that nj originated as a verb expressing nonexistence or absence in a stative construction, drawing a speculative connection with the attested verb nj (to rebuff, to drive away).[1]

A cognate relation to Proto-Semitic *lā (no, not) has also been suggested.

Particle edit

D35

 proclitic

  1. (Old Egyptian, with a following noun or pronoun) there is no, there are no; introduces an independent negated existential clause
  2. (Old Egyptian) not; negates any sentence
  3. (Middle Egyptian) not; negates a nominal sentence, an adjectival sentence of possession, or the rheme of an emphatic clause (used with js; see Usage Notes below)
  4. (Middle Egyptian) not; negates most verbal predicates besides infinitival, imperative, and subjunctive forms; forms the negation of the perfect, perfect passive, terminative, perfective, imperfective, prospective, and prospective passive.
  5. no, not any; negates an individual noun
  6. not; negates other individual words
Usage notes edit
  • When used alone, nj negates the individual word or verbal predicate following it.
  • When negating (nonverbal) nominal sentences, adjectival sentences of possession (which start with the genitival adjective n(j)
    n
    ), and rhemes of emphatic clauses, this particle is typically followed by the first element of the negated clause and then the negative particle js. In Middle Egyptian it cannot negate adjectival sentences which do not indicate possession, nor adverbial sentences, which are instead negated by nn. It also cannot negate verbal sentences that are not emphatic, so the presence of a verb between nj and js always indicates an emphatic clause.
  • nj combines with a number of other words to form negative particles with more specialised meanings, for which see the next section.
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
  • >? Late Egyptian: bw

Etymology 3 edit

n (to, for) +‎ -j (adverbializing suffix).

Adverb edit

n
y
  1. for it, to it, thereto, therefor
  2. because of it, therefore
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 4 edit

Preposition edit

D35
  1. Alternative form (before a noun) of n (to, for)

References edit

  • n.j (lemma ID 850787)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • n (lemma ID 850806)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • n.y (lemma ID 79970)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[3], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 43, 66, 71–72, 86–87, 127, 169, 194, 413–414.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 117–118
  • Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 60–61, 63–64
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[4], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 45.7–45.11
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[5], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 195.6–195.11, 196.3–197.8, 200, 201.2
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 10, 124–125
  1. ^ Oréal, Elsa (2022) “The negative existential cycle in Ancient Egyptian” in Ljuba Veselinova & Arja Hamari (eds.), The Negative Existential Cycle, Berlin: Language Science Press, pages 197–230

Fula edit

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

nj (lower case, upper case Nj)

  1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes edit

See also edit

Serbo-Croatian edit

Alternative forms edit

  • Nj (uppercase)

Pronunciation edit

Letter edit

nj (Cyrillic spelling њ)

  1. The 20th (digraph) letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by n and followed by o.

Pronoun edit

nj (Cyrillic spelling њ)

  1. him (clitic accusative singular of ȏn (he))
  2. it (clitic accusative singular of òno (it))

Declension edit