事
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TranslingualEdit
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Han characterEdit
事 (Kangxi radical 6, 亅+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十中中弓 (JLLN), four-corner 50007, composition ⿻⿱𠮛⺕亅)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 85, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 241
- Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 23, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E8B
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
事 | |
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| 2nd round simp. | ⿱㇋丶 | |
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph originEdit
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (會意): 又 (“hand”) + 中 (“flag or hunting weapon”) – flag or hunting weapon in hand > to perform one's job. Compare 史, 吏.
EtymologyEdit
Exopassive of 士 (OC *zrɯʔ, “to give or carry out an assignment; to serve”), literally “what has been assigned” (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, based on Gong (2000), STEDT derives it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dzas (“thing”), whence Burmese စာ (ca, “thing”) and Tibetan རྫས (rdzas, “thing, object, matter”).
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
事
- thing; matter (Classifier: 件 m c; 樁／桩 m)
- 耶和華神對女人說，你作的是什麼事呢？女人說，那蛇引誘我，我就吃了。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 創世記 (Genesis) 2:7
- Yēhéhuá shén duì nǚrén shuō, nǐ zuò de shì shénme shì ne? Nǚrén shuō, nà shé yǐnyòu wǒ, wǒ jiù chī le. [Pinyin]
- And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
耶和华神对女人说，你作的是什么事呢？女人说，那蛇引诱我，我就吃了。 [MSC, simp.]- 今日我們傳你來，有遵旨問你的事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
- Jīnrì wǒmen chuán nǐ lái, yǒu zūnzhǐ wèn nǐ de shì. [Pinyin]
- We called you here today, because we'd like to follow the emperor's order and ask you some questions.
今日我们传你来，有遵旨问你的事。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- task; work; job; career
- 茅盾的一個親戚，想到我在教書的教會學校裡來找事做了。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1935 April, 魏金枝, 《再說“賣文”》, in 《文飯小品》, issue 3
- Máo Dùn de yīge qīnqī, xiǎng dào wǒ zài jiāoshū de jiàohuì xuéxiào lǐ lái zhǎo shì zuò le. [Pinyin]
- A relative of Mao Dun would like to find work in the Catholic school that I teach at.
茅盾的一个亲戚，想到我在教书的教会学校里来找事做了。 [MSC, simp.]
- misfortune; mishap; accident; incident
- responsibility; involvement
- (dialectal Hakka, Min Bei, Min Zhong) speech; words; language
- 建甌事／建瓯事 [Min Bei] ― Gṳ̿ing-é-dī [Kienning Colloquial Romanized] ― Jian'ou dialect
- (literary) to serve; to attend to someone
- 李嶠，字巨山，趙州贊皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: The New Book of Tang, 1060 CE
- Lǐ Qiáo, zì Jùshān, Zhàozhōu Zànhuáng rén. Zǎo gū, shì mǔ xiào. [Pinyin]
- Li Qiao, courtesy name Jushan, was a native of Zanhuang, Zhaozhou. His father died when he was young, and he served his mother with filial piety.
李峤，字巨山，赵州赞皇人。早孤，事母孝。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]- 有時走天堂窄路或會有困苦，忠心事主一生都蒙福。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1984 [1986], Frank C. Huston, translated by 劉福羣 [William C. Newbern] and 何統雄 [Richard Ho], revised by 滕近輝 [Philip Teng], 《事主蒙福》 [“It Pays to Serve Jesus”], in 《生命聖詩》 [Hymns of Life], song #478
- Yǒushí zǒu tiāntáng zhǎilù huò huì yǒu kùnkǔ, zhōngxīn shì Zhǔ yīshēng dōu méngfú. [Pinyin]
- Though the pathway to glory may sometimes be drear, You’ll be happy each step of the way. [original English lyrics]
Walking on the narrow road to Heaven may sometimes be miserable, You’ll be blessed all your life serving the Lord faithfully. [literal English translation]
有时走天堂窄路或会有困苦，忠心事主一生都蒙福。 [MSC, simp.]
- to be engaged in
- (Beijing, erhua-ed) fussy; pernickety; troublesome
- 27th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "duties" (𝌠)
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 事
DescendantsEdit
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
事
ReferencesEdit
- “事”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00048
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
事
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: し (shi)
- Kan’yō-on: ず (zu, Jōyō †)
- Kun: こと (koto, 事, Jōyō); つかう (tsukau, 事う)←つかふ (tukafu, historical); つかえる (tsukaeru, 事える)←つかへる (tukaferu, historical)
- Nanori: ろ (ro)
As an alternative form of 倳 and 剚:
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 事案 (jian, “a concern”)
- 事宜 (jigi, “a fitting thing”)
- 事業 (jigyō, “a project, an enterprise”)
- 事局 (jikyoku, “circumstances”)
- 事件 (jiken, “an event, an affair”)
- 事故 (jiko, “an accident, an incident”)
- 事後 (jigo, “after-, post-, after the fact”)
- 事項 (jikō, “matters, articles”)
- 事実 (jijitsu, “a fact, the truth, actuality”)
- 事々物々 (jijibutsubutsu), 事事物物 (jijibutsubutsu, “everything”)
- 事象 (jishō, “an event, a phenomenon”)
- 事情 (jijō, “circumstances, consideration”)
- 事績 (jiseki, “an achievement, an exploit”)
- 事迹 (jiseki), 事跡 (jiseki), 事蹟 (jiseki, “evidence, trace”)
- 事前 (jizen, “prior, beforehand”)
- 事相 (jisō, “an aspect, a phase”)
- 事態 (jitai), 事体 (jitai, “a situation, a state of affairs”)
- 事大 (jidai, “subservient to the stronger”)
- 事典 (jiten, “an encyclopedia”)
- 事犯 (jihan, “a crime”)
- 事物 (jibutsu, “things, affairs”)
- 事変 (jihen, “an accident, a disaster”)
- 事務 (jimu, “business, clerical work”)
- 事務室 (jimushitsu, “an office”)
- 事由 (jiyū, “a reason, a cause”)
- 事理 (jiri, “a reason, facts”)
- 事例 (jirei, “an example, a precedent”)
- 火事 (kaji, “a fire, a conflagration”)
- 家事 (kaji, “household affairs”)
- 幹事 (kanji, “a manager, an organizer”)
- 記事 (kiji, “a news article, a news story”)
- 軍事 (gunji, “military affairs”)
- 刑事 (keiji, “a police detective”)
- 工事 (kōji, “construction”)
- 食事 (shokuji, “a meal”)
- 人事 (jinji, “personnel, human resources”)
- 知事 (chiji, “a prefectural governor”)
- 判事 (hanji, “a judge”)
- 人事 (hitogoto, “other people's affairs, other people's business”)
- 無事 (buji, “safety, peace”)
- 返事 (henji, “an answer, a reply”)
- 房事 (bōji, “sex, lovemaking”)
- 物事 (monogoto, “things, everything”)
- 用事 (yōji, “things to do”)
- 理事 (riji, “a director, a trustee”)
- 領事 (ryōji, “a consul”)
- 事新しい (koto atarashī, “new”)
- 事誤り (koto ayamari, “getting one's facts wrong”)
- 事改めて (koto aratamete, “anew”)
- 事欠く (kotokaku, “to lack something”)
- 事柄 (kotogara, “a matter, a thing”)
- 事切れる (koto kireru, “to expire, to die”)
- 事々 (kotogoto), 事事 (kotogoto, “everything”)
- 事々しい (kotogotoshī), 事事しい (kotogotoshī, “bombastic”)
- 事細か (koto komaka, “detailed”)
- 事立てる (kotodateru, “to do something different”)
- 事足りる (koto tariru, “to suffice, to be sufficient”)
- 事足る (koto taru, “to suffice, to be enough”)
- 事共 (kotodomo, “things, matters”)
- 事無し (koto nashi, “having nothing to do; light-hearted; having no faults”)
- 事勿れ (koto nakare, “a desire for peacefulness and nothing out of the ordinary”)
- 事勿れ主義 (koto nakare shugi, “peace-at-any-price-ism, don't-rock-the-boat-ism, the principle of acceding to anything to avoid trouble”)
- 事無く (koto naku, “without accident, without incident, without a hitch”)
- 事珍しく (koto mezurashiku, “strangely, oddly”)
- 事寄せる (koto yoseru), 言寄せる (koto yoseru, “to use something as an excuse or pretext”)
- 事寄る (koto yoru, “to have facts or events wind up pointing one way”)
- 仕事 (shigoto, “work, employment”)
- 見事 (migoto), 美事 (migoto, “splendid, magnificent”)
- 好事家 (kōzuka, “a dilettante”)
- 関心事 (kanshinji, “a matter of concern and interest”)
- 勝負事 (shōbugoto, “gambling, competition”)
- 出来事 (dekigoto, “an occurrence, an affair, an accident”)
- 事 (ji, “matters; affairs”) occur in a few compounds that were originally about the matters or affairs themselves, or an action upon those matters or affairs, but evolved into referring to the person doing something to the matters or affairs.
- 主事 (shuji, “superintendent”, literally “main matters”)
- 刑事 (keiji, “criminal detective”, literally “law enforcement/penal matters”)
- 判事 (hanji, “judge; justice”, literally “to judge matters”)
- 参事 (sanji, “secretary; counsellor; councillor”, literally “to attend to matters”)
- 執事 (shitsuji, “steward; butler”, literally “to execute matters”)
- 幹事 (kanji, “manager; secretary”, literally “to perform matters”)
- 検事 (kenji, “prosecutor”, literally “to inspect matters”)
- 理事 (riji, “director”, literally “to arrange matters”)
- 知事 (chiji, “prefectural governor”, literally “governing matters”)
- 通事 (tsūji, “interpreter”, literally “to smooth out matters”)
- 領事 (ryōji, “consul”, literally “to take/accept matters”)
Etymology 1Edit
| Kanji in this term |
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| 事 |
| こと Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 事 – see the following entry. | ||
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| (This term, 事, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2Edit
| Kanji in this term |
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| 事 |
| じ Grade: 3 |
| goon |
From Middle Chinese. It seems the reading is from 事 (MC d͡ʒɨH, “to establish; to stab”), while the meaning is from 事 (MC t͡ʃɨH, “thing, matter; task, job”).
PronunciationEdit
AffixEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 事 (MC d͡ʒɨH).
| Historical readings |
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PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
事: Hán Việt readings: sự[1][2][3][4][5]
事: Nôm readings: sự[1][2][4][6], xì[3]