Wiktionary

sal

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sal"

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

sal

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Salishan languages.

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English sal, from Latin sal. Doublet of salt.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal (uncountable)

  1. (chemistry, obsolete) Salt.
Usage notesEdit

Was used predominantly to form the names of various chemical compounds.

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Hindi साल (sāl), from Sanskrit शाल (śāla).

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal (plural sals)

  1. Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree.
    • 1989, Thomas Weber, Hugging the trees: the story of the Chipko movement, page 18:
      As the sals were cut in the lower foothill districts the loggers looked towards the mountains in their search for other hardwood timber.
TranslationsEdit

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch zal, singular of zullen, from Middle Dutch sullen, from Old Dutch *sulan, from Proto-West Germanic *skulan, from Proto-Germanic *skulaną.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /sal/
  • Audio(file)

VerbEdit

sal (present sal, past sou)

  1. shall, will

AragoneseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sal.

NounEdit

sal f

  1. salt

ReferencesEdit

AsturianEdit

 
Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

NounEdit

sal m (plural sales)

  1. salt

AzerbaijaniEdit

 
sal [1]

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Turkic *sāl.

NounEdit

sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar)

  1. raft (wooden)
DeclensionEdit
    Declension of sal
singular plural
nominative sal
 sallar
definite accusative salı
 salları
dative sala
 sallara
locative salda
 sallarda
ablative saldan
 sallardan
definite genitive salın
 salların
    Possessive forms of sal
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salım sallarım
sənin (“your”) salın salların
onun (“his/her/its”) salı salları
bizim (“our”) salımız sallarımız
sizin (“your”) salınız sallarınız
onların (“their”) salı or salları salları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımı sallarımı
sənin (“your”) salını sallarını
onun (“his/her/its”) salını sallarını
bizim (“our”) salımızı sallarımızı
sizin (“your”) salınızı sallarınızı
onların (“their”) salını or sallarını sallarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salıma sallarıma
sənin (“your”) salına sallarına
onun (“his/her/its”) salına sallarına
bizim (“our”) salımıza sallarımıza
sizin (“your”) salınıza sallarınıza
onların (“their”) salına or sallarına sallarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımda sallarımda
sənin (“your”) salında sallarında
onun (“his/her/its”) salında sallarında
bizim (“our”) salımızda sallarımızda
sizin (“your”) salınızda sallarınızda
onların (“their”) salında or sallarında sallarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımdan sallarımdan
sənin (“your”) salından sallarından
onun (“his/her/its”) salından sallarından
bizim (“our”) salımızdan sallarımızdan
sizin (“your”) salınızdan sallarınızdan
onların (“their”) salından or sallarından sallarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımın sallarımın
sənin (“your”) salının sallarının
onun (“his/her/its”) salının sallarının
bizim (“our”) salımızın sallarımızın
sizin (“your”) salınızın sallarınızın
onların (“their”) salının or sallarının sallarının

Etymology 2Edit

Likely from Proto-Turkic *sal- (“throw, lower, put; heavy”); see Azerbaijani salmaq.

 
sal [2]

NounEdit

sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar)

  1. monolith (a large, single block of stone)
DeclensionEdit
    Declension of sal
singular plural
nominative sal
 sallar
definite accusative salı
 salları
dative sala
 sallara
locative salda
 sallarda
ablative saldan
 sallardan
definite genitive salın
 salların
    Possessive forms of sal
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salım sallarım
sənin (“your”) salın salların
onun (“his/her/its”) salı salları
bizim (“our”) salımız sallarımız
sizin (“your”) salınız sallarınız
onların (“their”) salı or salları salları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımı sallarımı
sənin (“your”) salını sallarını
onun (“his/her/its”) salını sallarını
bizim (“our”) salımızı sallarımızı
sizin (“your”) salınızı sallarınızı
onların (“their”) salını or sallarını sallarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salıma sallarıma
sənin (“your”) salına sallarına
onun (“his/her/its”) salına sallarına
bizim (“our”) salımıza sallarımıza
sizin (“your”) salınıza sallarınıza
onların (“their”) salına or sallarına sallarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımda sallarımda
sənin (“your”) salında sallarında
onun (“his/her/its”) salında sallarında
bizim (“our”) salımızda sallarımızda
sizin (“your”) salınızda sallarınızda
onların (“their”) salında or sallarında sallarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımdan sallarımdan
sənin (“your”) salından sallarından
onun (“his/her/its”) salından sallarından
bizim (“our”) salımızdan sallarımızdan
sizin (“your”) salınızdan sallarınızdan
onların (“their”) salından or sallarından sallarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) salımın sallarımın
sənin (“your”) salının sallarının
onun (“his/her/its”) salının sallarının
bizim (“our”) salımızın sallarımızın
sizin (“your”) salınızın sallarınızın
onların (“their”) salının or sallarının sallarının

AdjectiveEdit

sal (comparative daha sal, superlative ən sal)

  1. whole, unbroken, of one piece

VerbEdit

sal

  1. second-person singular imperative of salmaq

Further readingEdit

  • “sal” in Obastan.com.

CatalanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Catalan sal, from Latin sāl.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal f (plural sals)

  1. salt

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChairelEdit

NounEdit

sal

  1. sun

ReferencesEdit

  • W. McCulloch, Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill tribes with a comparative vocabulary of the Munnipore and other languages (1859, Calcutta: Bengal Printing Company)

ChavacanoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Spanish sal (“salt”).

NounEdit

sal

  1. salt

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, cognate with German Saal, Dutch zaal. The Germanic word was borrowed to French salon.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal c (singular definite salen, plural indefinite sale)

  1. hall, room
  2. floor (storey of a building)
    Synonym: etage

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sal
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sal salen sale salene
genitive sals salens sales salenes

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA(key): /sal/

InterjectionEdit

sal

  1. (text messaging) Abbreviation of saluton (“hello”).

Franco-ProvençalEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal f

  1. salt

GalicianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese sal, from Latin sāl, salem.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal m (plural sales)

  1. salt
    No camiño me colleno co'aquelas pedras de sal que o sol fixo de agua doce misturada coa do mar.
    In the way, I picked up with those salt stones that the sun made from fresh water mixed with sea water.

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “sal” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
  • “sal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “sal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “sal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “sal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

GaroEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

sal

  1. sun, day, daytime
  2. a 24 hour period
  3. weather
  4. classifier for days

Guinea-Bissau CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese sal. Cognate with Kabuverdianu sal.

NounEdit

sal

  1. salt

IcelandicEdit

NounEdit

sal

  1. indefinite accusative singular of salur
  2. indefinite dative singular of salur

IndonesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch zaal, from Middle Dutch sale, from Old Dutch sala, from Proto-West Germanic *sali, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, from Proto-Indo-European *sol-, *sel- (“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate of Afrikaans saal (“hall, large room”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal (first-person possessive salku, second-person possessive salmu, third-person possessive salnya)

  1. a large room, hall
  2. (healthcare, medicine) ward

SynonymsEdit

Further readingEdit

InterlinguaEdit

NounEdit

sal (plural sales)

  1. salt (substance consisting of positive and negative ions)

Related termsEdit

IrishEdit

NounEdit

sal f (genitive singular saile) or
sal m (genitive singular sail)

  1. Alternative form of sail (“dirt; stain”)

DeclensionEdit

As masculine first-declension noun:

Declension of sal

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative sal
Vocative a shail
Genitive sail
Dative sal

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an sal
Genitive an tsail
Dative leis an sal

don sal

As feminine second-declension noun:

Declension of sal

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative sal
Vocative a shal
Genitive saile
Dative sal

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular
Nominative an tsal
Genitive na saile
Dative leis an tsal

don tsal

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sal shal
after an, tsal 		not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

IstriotEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

NounEdit

sal ?

  1. salt

KabuverdianuEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese sal.

NounEdit

sal

  1. salt

Proper nounEdit

sal

  1. (Sal) Sal
  2. One of the ten islands of Cape Verde

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Italic *sāls, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.

Cognates include Sanskrit सर (sará), Old Armenian աղ (ał), Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls), Tocharian A sāle, Old English sealt (English salt) and borrowed into Etruscan 𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄 (alśase).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sāl m or n (genitive salis); third declension

  1. salt
    cum grānō salis ― with a grain of salt
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.337-338:
      ante, deōs hominī quod conciliāre valēret,
      fār erat et pūrī lūcida mīca salis
      In days of old, it was plain spelt, and the sparkling grain of unadulterated salt that had efficacy to render the gods propitious to man.
      1851. The Fasti &c of Ovid. Trans. & notes by H. T. Riley. London: H. G. Bohn. pp. 23-24.
  2. (figuratively) wit
  3. (poetic) brine, salt water, the sea

Usage notesEdit

  • Sāl is occasionally found as a neuter noun in the singular. The gender is observable only from agreement in the nominative case, and from agreement and the use of sāl (neuter) vs. salem (masculine) in the accusative case. The neuter nominative and accusative singular form can alternatively be sale, e.g. in Ennius Ann. 385 and Varro d. Non. 223, 17. In the nominative and accusative plural, the word is found only in the masculine gender, with the form salēs.

DeclensionEdit

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sāl salēs
Genitive salis salum
Dative salī salibus
Accusative salem
sāl 		salēs
Ablative sale salibus
Vocative sāl salēs

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Aromanian: sari, sare
  • Asturian: sal
  • Catalan: sal
  • Corsican: sale
  • Franco-Provençal: sal
  • French: sel
  • Friulian: sâl
  • Galician: sal
  • Istriot: sal
  • Italian: sale
  • Lombard: saa
  • Megleno-Romanian: sari
  • Occitan: sal, sau
  • Piedmontese: sal
  • Portuguese: sal
    • Guinea-Bissau Creole: sal
    • Kabuverdianu: sal
  • Romagnol: sêl
  • Romanian: sare
  • Romansch: sal, sel
  • Sardinian: sale
  • Sicilian: sali
  • Spanish: sal
  • Venetian: sal, sałe
  • Walloon: sé

ReferencesEdit

  • “sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sal in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

MalteseEdit

Root
s-w-l
1 term

EtymologyEdit

From Arabic صَالَ‎ (ṣāla).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sal (imperfect jsul, past participle misul)

  1. to rear up

ConjugationEdit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Middle DutchEdit

VerbEdit

sal

  1. first/third-person singular present indicative of sullen

Northern KurdishEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal f

  1. year

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Bokmål Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nb

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse salr.

NounEdit

sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural saler, definite plural salene)

  1. a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall.
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Norse sǫðull.

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural saler, definite plural salene)

  1. saddle

Etymology 3Edit

From Old Norse sal.

NounEdit

sal n

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1981; superseded by salg

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz.

NounEdit

sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural salar, definite plural salane)

  1. a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Norse sǫðull, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz.

NounEdit

sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural salar, definite plural salane)

  1. a saddle
Related termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From Old Norse sal (“payment”).

NounEdit

sal n (definite singular salet, indefinite plural sal, definite plural sala)

  1. a sale
Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *sail, from Proto-Germanic *sailą (“rope”).

Cognate with Old Saxon sēl (Dutch zeel), Old High German seil (German Seil).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sāl m

  1. rope, cord, rein

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sal (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative sāl sālas
accusative sāl sālas
genitive sāles sāla
dative sāle sālum

DescendantsEdit

Old IrishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *salā.[1]

NounEdit

sal f (genitive saile)

  1. dirt
  2. filth, stain
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92d12
      .i. ní do is ainm du grés pullutum dun elled ass·lentar huanaib salaib corpt[h]aib acht is ainm cac[h] la cein du cach escmun as·lentar hua drochgnimaib.
      It is not for that the term pollutum refers to pollution whereby one is defiled by bodily stains; other times, it is also a term for every impure one who is defiled by bad deeds.

InflectionEdit

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative salL sailL salaH
Vocative salL sailL salaH
Accusative sailN sailL salaH
Genitive saileH salL salN
Dative sailL salaib salaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
sal ṡal unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*salā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 319

Further readingEdit

Old NorseEdit

NounEdit

sal

  1. accusative/dative singular of salr

Old SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin salem, accusative of sāl.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal f (plural sales)

  1. salt
    • c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, f. 61r.
      Et ſu ṕpriedat es de aborrecer la ſal tanto que bié parece que a entramas grand enemiztat. ca ſi las ponen en uno. quiebra la piedra ¬ mueles; ¬ la ſal pierde la ſalgadumbre que a en ella.
      And its property is that it loathes salt so much that it would seem that there is a great enmity between them both, for if they are placed together, the stone breaks, and the salt loses all the saltiness within.

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

PiedmonteseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal m or f

  1. salt

PortugueseEdit

 
Saleiros com sal.

PronunciationEdit

  • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
  • Hyphenation: sal

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Portuguese sal, from Latin salem (“salt, wit”).

NounEdit

sal m (plural sais)

  1. salt (sodium chloride, a substance used as a condiment and preservative)
    Synonyms: cloreto de sódio, sal de cozinha
  2. (chemistry) salt (any compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base)
  3. (usually in the plural) bath salt (any of several inorganic salts sometimes added to bath water)
    Synonym: sal de banho
  4. (figuratively) wit; the quality of being engaging
    Synonym: graça
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

sal m (plural sais)

  1. (rare) sal (Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree)

RohingyaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

sal (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴓𐴢)

  1. roof

RomanianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شال‎ (Turkish şal, from Persian شال‎ (šāl).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal n (plural saluri)

  1. (rare) shawl, scarf
    Synonym: șal
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sal
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) sal salul (niște) saluri salurile
genitive/dative (unui) sal salului (unor) saluri salurilor
vocative salule salurilor

Etymology 2Edit

Shortened form of salut.

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

sal!

  1. (informal) hey!
    Synonym: salut
  2. (informal) bye!
    Synonyms: salut, pa

RomanschEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

NounEdit

sal m

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) salt

SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsal/ [ˈsal]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: sal

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Spanish sal, from Latin sāl, salem (compare Catalan sal f, French sel m, Italian sale m, Portuguese sal m, Romanian sare f; also English salt). It is not known how the noun became feminine.

NounEdit

sal f (plural sales)

  1. salt; table salt
    Synonyms: sal común, sal de mesa
  2. (chemistry) salt
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

sal

  1. second-person singular imperative of salir

Further readingEdit

SumerianEdit

RomanizationEdit

sal

  1. Romanization of 𒊩 (sal)

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, from Proto-Indo-European *sol-, *sel-.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sal c

  1. a large room (for dining or meetings)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sal 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative sal salen salar salarna
Genitive sals salens salars salarnas

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

Tocharian BEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sal

  1. dirty

TurkishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Ottoman Turkish صال‎ (sal, “raft; wine press”), from Proto-Turkic *sāl (“raft”). Cognate with Kazakh сал (sal). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar)

  1. raft

Etymology 2Edit

From Ottoman Turkish سل‎ (sal, sel), from Arabic سَلَّ‎ (salla, “to draw, to unsheathe”).

VerbEdit

sal

  1. second-person singular imperative of salmak

ReferencesEdit

  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “sal”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 2647

VenetianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sāl, salem.

NounEdit

 
Venetian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia vec

sal m (plural sałi)

  1. salt (sodium chloride, non-chemical usage)

sal m (plural sali)

  1. (chemistry) salt

VolapükEdit

NounEdit

sal (nominative plural sals)

  1. salt

DeclensionEdit

declension of sal
singular plural
nominative sal sals
genitive sala salas
dative sale sales
accusative sali salis
vocative 1 o sal! o sals!
predicative 2 salu salus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sal&oldid=70937220"