在居
Chinese
editto be at | that, place | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (在居) |
在 | 居 | |
alternative forms |
Etymology
editModern pronunciations resulted from lenition of 在 (MC dzojX|dzojH) and irregular evolution of 居 (MC ki|kjo) (Zhengzhang, 2008).
Alternatively Qian (1997) considers the second character to be cognate of the written form 介 found in late imperial Northern Wu literature.
Pronunciation
edit- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6le-ke; 6la-ke; 8laq-ke; 8leq-ke
- MiniDict: le去 ke; la去 ke; lah入 ke; leh入 ke
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3le-ke; 3la-ke; 5laq-ke; 5leq-ke
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /le²² ke⁴⁴/, /la²² ke⁴⁴/, /laʔ¹¹ ke²³/, /ləʔ¹¹ ke²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
- (Northern: Chongming)
- (Northern: Ningbo)
- (Northern: Shanghai)
Verb
edit在居 (Northern Wu)
- to be at, to be in
Preposition
edit在居 (Northern Wu)
- at; in
- 現在呢,就是講,雖然就是比較嚴重,但是大家呢,一定要辣該屋裏向好好个隔離。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
- From: 2022: [1]
- 6yi-ze-neq 6jieu-zy 5kaon 1soe-zoe 6jieu-zy 5pi-ciau 6gni-zon 6de-zy 6da-ka-neq 7iq-tin 5iau 8laq-ke 7oq-li-shian 5hau-hau-gheq 7keq-li [Wugniu]
- Right now, uh, although it [Shanghai's lockdown] is more severe, but everyone, we must stay at home and properly distance ourselves.
现在呢,就是讲,虽然就是比较严重,但是大家呢,一定要辣该屋里向好好个隔离。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
Synonyms
edit- (at):
Adverb
edit在居 (Northern Wu)
- Used to indicate the continuous aspect.
- Used to indicate the perfective aspect.
Usage notes
editThis orthography is an etymological spelling that can be applied to all lects. However, its usage may be limited, and phonetic spellings, such as 辣該/辣该, 勒該/勒该, may be preferred instead.
Synonyms
editVariety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 正在, 刻正 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 正在, 在 |
Taiwan | 正在, 在 | |
Malaysia | 正在, 在 | |
Singapore | 正在, 在 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 在 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處 |
Hong Kong | 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 喺度 | |
Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 當, 在該, 當在 |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 當, 在該 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 當, 在該 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 當, 在該 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 當, 在該 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 正在, 在遐 | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 著𡅏, 𡅏 |
Fuqing | 著𡅏 | |
Singapore (Fuqing) | 著𡅏 | |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧 |
Quanzhou | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧 | |
Zhangzhou | 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 當時 | |
Tainan | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 佇 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 佇, 佇咧 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 佇咧, 咧 | |
Shantou | 在 | |
Shantou (Chaoyang) | 在 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 在 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 垃, 垃垃, 垃拉, 垃海, 垃該 |
Ningbo | 來, 來的, 來該, 來當, 來東, 來勒 | |
Wenzhou | 是, 是搭 |
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 著 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 著 |
Taiwan | 著 | |
Harbin | 著 | |
Singapore | 著 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 著 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 著 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 著 |
Xi'an | 著 | |
Xuzhou | 著 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 倒 |
Guiyang | 倒 | |
Guilin | 倒 | |
Liuzhou | 倒, 穩 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 著 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 緊 |
Hong Kong | 緊 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 緊 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 倒 |
Hakka | Meixian | 等 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 等 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 等 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 等 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 緊 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 等 | |
Kuching (Hepo) | 緊 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 著 |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 緊 |
Wu | Shanghai | 勒海, 勒該 |
Hangzhou | 勒 | |
Ningbo | 的, 該, 當, 東, 仔, 勒眼 | |
Zhoushan | 底, 的 rare, 該, 當, 仔, 勒眼 |
See also
edit