See also: 明白

Chinese edit

 
clear; bright; to understand
clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty
 
day; sun; date
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(明日)

Pronunciation edit


Note: bêng-ji̍t/bêng-li̍t - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: muan3 rig8 / ma3 rig8 / mua3 rêg8
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: muàⁿ ji̍k / mà ji̍k / muà je̍k
      • Sinological IPA (key): /mũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/, /ma²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/, /mua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zek̚⁴/
Note:
  • muan3 rig8 - Chaozhou;
  • ma3 rig8 - Shantou, Chenghai;
  • mua3 rêg8 - Jieyang.
Note:
  • min2 r6 - vernacular;
  • min2 nyi6 - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    Initial () (4) (38)
    Final () (111) (48)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division () III III
    Fanqie
    Baxter mjaeng nyit
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /mˠiæŋ/ /ȵiɪt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /mᵚiaŋ/ /ȵit̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /miaŋ/ /ȵʑjet̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /miajŋ/ /ȵit̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /miɐŋ/ /ȵiĕt̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /mĭɐŋ/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /mi̯ɐŋ/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    míng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ming4 jat6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    míng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ mjæng › ‹ nyit ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mraŋ/ /*C.nik/
    English bright sun; day

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    No. 9188 10845
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mraŋ/ /*njiɡ/

    Noun edit

    明日

    1. (literary or dialectal) tomorrow
    2. (literary, figurative) future

    Synonyms edit

    Derived terms edit

    Descendants edit

    Sino-Xenic (明日):

    Japanese edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    あした
    Grade: 2 Grade: 1
    jukujikun

    Shift in meaning from (ashita, next morning),[1] itself cognate with (asa, morning).

    The kanji spelling is from Chinese 明日 (míngrì).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    明日(あした) (ashita

    1. (colloquial) tomorrow
      明日(あした)(あめ)です
      Ashita wa ame desu ne.
      It seems like it will rain tomorrow.
      明日(あした)夕方(ゆうがた)
      ashita no yūgata
      tomorrow evening
    Derived terms edit
    Proverbs edit

    Proper noun edit

    明日(あした) (Ashita

    1. a female given name

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    あす
    Grade: 2 Grade: 1
    jukujikun

    From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

    Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:

    • Possibly a shift from verb 明かす (akasu, to pass).
      */akasu/ → */akusu//asu/
    • Possibly an apophonic form of or cognate with (asa, morning).

    The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 明日 (míngrì).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    明日(あす) (asu

    1. (polite) tomorrow
    2. the near future
    Derived terms edit
    Proverbs edit

    Proper noun edit

    明日(あす) (asu

    1. a female given name

    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term
    みょう
    Grade: 2
    にち
    Grade: 1
    goon

    /mʲau nʲiti//mʲɔːɲit͡ɕi//mʲoːɲit͡ɕi/

    From Middle Chinese compound 明日 (MC mjaeng nyit).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (みょう)(にち) (myōnichiみやうにち (myauniti)?

    1. (formal) tomorrow
    Derived terms edit

    Etymology 4 edit

    Kanji in this term
    めい
    Grade: 2
    じつ
    Grade: 1
    kan’on

    From a later borrowing of Chinese 明日 (míngrì), using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally Han sound).

    Rare reading.

    Noun edit

    (めい)(じつ) (meijitsu

    1. (rare) tomorrow

    Etymology 5 edit

    Kanji in this term
    ぬくい
    Grade: 2 Grade: 1
    irregular
    Kanji in this term
    あけ
    Grade: 2

    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi
    Kanji in this term
    みょう
    Grade: 2

    Grade: 1
    goon kun’yomi
    Kanji in this term
    ぬく
    Grade: 2

    Grade: 1
    irregular kun’yomi
    Kanji in this term
    あけ
    Grade: 2

    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    Proper noun edit

    明日(ぬくい) or (あけ)() or (みょう)() or (ぬく)() or (あけ)() (Nukui or Akehi or Myōga or Nukuhi or Akebi

    1. a surname

    Usage notes edit

    Note that the pronunciation differs depending on register, which also happens for the antonym “yesterday” and the coordinate term “today”. Corresponding in formality to ashita, asu, and myōnichi for “tomorrow” are 昨日 (kinō), 昨日 (kiso, rare), and 昨日 (sakujitsu) for “yesterday”; and きょう (kyō), 今日 (konnichi), and 本日 (honjitsu) for “today”.

    Antonyms edit

    Coordinate terms edit

    (Time)
    ~ -3 −2 −1 0 +1 +2 Continual
    Day 一昨昨日 一昨日 昨日 今日 明日 明後日 毎日
    Morning 一昨朝 昨朝 今朝 明朝 毎朝
    Night 一昨晩 昨晩 今晩 明晩 毎晩
    Week 先々週 先週 今週 来週 再来週 毎週
    Month 先々月 先月 今月 来月 再来月 毎月
    Year 一昨昨年 一昨年 去年 今年 来年 再来年 毎年

    See also edit

    References edit

    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. 4.0 4.1 Nakai, Yukihiko, editor (2002), 京阪系アクセント辞典 [A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
    5. 5.0 5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Hanja in this term

    Noun edit

    明日 (myeong'il) (hangeul 명일)

    1. Hanja form? of 명일 (tomorrow).

    Okinawan edit

    Etymology edit

    Kanji in this term
    あちゃー
    Grade: 2 Grade: 1
    jukujikun

    Cognate with mainland Japanese 明日 (ashita).

    Noun edit

    明日(あちゃー) (achā

    1. tomorrow

    Old Japanese edit

    Etymology edit

    Possibly from an as- root that is cognate with or from an apophonic form of (asa, morning).

    Noun edit

    明日 (asu) (kana あす)

    1. tomorrow
      • 711–712, Kojiki, (poem 112):
        意岐米母夜阿布美能於岐米阿須用理波美夜麻賀久理弖美延受加母阿良牟
        Oki1me2 mo2 ya Apumi1 no2 Oki1me2 asu yo1ri pa mi1yama-gakurite mi1yezu ka mo2 aramu
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

    Quotations edit

    For quotations using this term, see Citations:明日.

    Coordinate terms edit

    Derived terms edit

    Descendants edit