Presentation
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For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
№ English Rajasthaniराजस्थानी edit (207) 1 I (1sg )म्हुँ हूं 2 you (2sg )थे आप 3 he , she , it (3sg )वौ बो 4 we (1pl )आंपां 5 you (2pl )थे आप 6 they (3pl )वे 7 this या आ 8 that वौ 9 here अठे 10 there उठे बठे 11 who कुण कुण 12 what काइं 13 where कठै 14 when कद 15 how कंइयां 16 not कोनी 17 all सगळा सब 18 many जादा घणा 19 some थोड़ा कुछेक 20 few कम तनिक 21 other दूजौ बीजौ 22 one एक 23 two दो 24 three तीन 25 four चार 26 five पांच 27 big बडौ 28 long लम्बो 29 wide चौड़ौ 30 thick गाढ़ौ 31 heavy भारी 32 small छोटौ नेनौ 33 short ठींगणौ 34 narrow पतळौ 35 thin पतळौ 36 woman लुगाई औरत 37 man (adult male)मरद आदमी 38 man (human being)मिनक 39 child टाबर 40 wife घरवाळी लुगाई 41 husband धणी भरतार 42 mother मा माता 43 father बाप पिता 44 animal जिनावर 45 fish मच्छी 46 bird चिड़ी 47 dog कूतरौ कूतौ 48 louse लीख 49 snake सांप 50 worm कीड़ौ 51 tree झाड़ पेड़ 52 forest जंगळ 53 stick डंडौ 54 fruit फल 55 seed बीज 56 leaf पत्तौ 57 root जड़ 58 bark (of a tree)छाल 59 flower फूल 60 grass घास 61 rope रस्सी 62 skin चांमड़ी 63 meat मांस 64 blood खून 65 bone हाडी हाड 66 fat (noun)चरबी 67 egg अंडौ 68 horn सींग 69 tail पूंछ 70 feather पांखड़ौ पांख 71 hair बाल बाळ 72 head माथौ सिस 73 ear कान 74 eye आंख 75 nose नाक 76 mouth मूंडौ 77 tooth दांत 78 tongue (organ)जीभ 79 fingernail नख 80 foot पग 81 leg टांग 82 knee गोडौ 83 hand हाथ 84 wing पांख 85 belly पेट 86 guts अंतड़ी 87 neck गरदन 88 back पीठ 89 breast छाती 90 heart हिवड़ो हियौ दिल 91 liver जिगर काळजौ [Term?] (also 'heart' 92 to drink पीणौ 93 to eat खाणौ 94 to bite काटणौ 95 to suck चूसणौ 96 to spit थूकणौ 97 to vomit उलटी करणौ 98 to blow फूंकणौ 99 to breathe सांस लेणौ 100 to laugh हसणौ 101 to see देखणौ 102 to hear सुनणौ 103 to know जानणौ 104 to think सोचणौ 105 to smell सूंघणौ 106 to fear डरणौ 107 to sleep सोवणौ 108 to live जीणौ 109 to die मरणौ 110 to kill मारणौ 111 to fight लड़णौ 112 to hunt शिकार करणौ 113 to hit मारणौ 114 to cut काटणौ 115 to split बांटणौ 116 to stab खोभणौ 117 to scratch खरोंचणौ 118 to dig खोदणौ 119 to swim तैरणौ 120 to fly उड़णौ 121 to walk चलणौ 122 to come आवणौ 123 to lie (as in a bed) लेटणौ 124 to sit बैठणौ 125 to stand खड़ो होवणौ 126 to turn (intransitive) मुड़णौ 127 to fall गिरणौ 128 to give देवणौ 129 to hold पकड़णौ 130 to squeeze नचोड़णौ 131 to rub मलणौ 132 to wash धोवणौ 133 to wipe पोंछणौ 134 to pull खींचणौ 135 to push धकेलणौ 136 to throw फेंकणौ 137 to tie बांधणौ 138 to sew सीवणौ 139 to count गिनणौ 140 to say कहणौ 141 to sing गावणौ 142 to play खेलणौ 143 to float तैरणौ तिरणौ 144 to flow बहणौ 145 to freeze जमणौ 146 to swell सूजणौ 147 sun सूरज 148 moon चांद 149 star तारा 150 water पाणी 151 rain मेह 152 river नदी 153 lake झील 154 sea समुन्दर 155 salt नमक लूण 156 stone पत्थर भाटौ 157 sand बालू 158 dust गरदा 159 earth जमीन धरती 160 cloud बादळ 161 fog धुंध कुहा 162 sky असमान आबौ 163 wind हवा 164 snow बरफ 165 ice बरफ़ 166 smoke धुंवौ 167 fire आग 168 ash राख 169 to burn बाळणौ 170 road सड़क मारग रस्ता 171 mountain पहाड़ भाकर 172 red लाल 173 green हरौ 174 yellow पीळौ 175 white थोळौ 176 black काळौ 177 night रात 178 day दिन 179 year साल 180 warm गरम 181 cold ठंडौ 182 full पूरा 183 new नवौ 184 old पुराणौ 185 good चोखौ 186 bad खराब 187 rotten सड़ियौ 188 dirty गन्दौ 189 straight सीधौ 190 round गोल 191 sharp (as a knife)तिखौ 192 dull (as a knife)बौथौ 193 smooth चिकणौ 194 wet भीगोड़ौ 195 dry सूखौ 196 correct सही 197 near खनै 198 far अळगौ 199 right जिमणौ 200 left डावौ 201 at पे 202 in मांय 203 with रे साथे 204 and अर 205 if अगर 206 because क्यूंकि 207 name नाम
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