吃
See also: 喫
| ||||||||
Translingual edit
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Han character edit
吃 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 口人弓 (RON), four-corner 68017, composition ⿰口乞)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 174, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3280
- Dae Jaweon: page 387, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 579, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5403
Chinese edit
Glyph origin edit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声 (xíngshēng)): semantic 口 (kǒu) + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd).
Etymology 1 edit
| trad. | 吃/喫 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 吃 | |
| alternative forms | 吔 (jaak3) Cantonese | |
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
吃
- to eat; to consume
- 他很喜歡吃飯。／他很喜欢吃饭。 ― Tā hěn xǐhuān chīfàn. ― He loves to eat.
- 你吃飯了嗎？／你吃饭了吗？ ― Nǐ chīfàn le ma? ― Have you eaten? (also a greeting)
- 你吃過飯嗎？／你吃过饭吗？ ― Nǐ chī guò fàn ma? ― Have you eaten? (also a greeting)
- to live on
- to suffer; to endure; to bear
- to exhaust; to be a strain
- to drink
- (board games) to capture
- (mahjong) to chow
- to accept
- 2023, “我的世界地圖”, 黃偉文 [Wyman Wong] (lyrics), 王菀之 [Ivana Wong] (music)[1]performed by 魏浚笙 [Jeffrey Ngai]:
- 年輕一輩 如果只吃前人預設那一套 再沒前路 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- nin4 hing1 jat1 bui3, jyu4 gwo2 zi2 hek3 cin4 jan4 jyu6 cit3 naa5 jat1 tou3, zoi3 mut6 cin4 lou6 [Jyutping]
- If the younger generation simply accepts the default methods of those who came before, there will be no more future ahead
年轻一辈 如果只吃前人预设那一套 再没前路 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
Usage notes edit
- In Cantonese, 食 (sik6) is the most common term for "eating" and 吔 (jaak3) is considered less polite than the former.
- When playing mahjong, a player may say this word as a call when forming a chow on another player's discard.
Synonyms edit
- (to eat): 食用 (shíyòng)
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to eat”) [map]
- (to drink):
- (to capture):
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“(board games) to capture”) [map]
- (to chow):
Dialectal synonyms of 吃 (“to chow (mahjong)”) [map]
Descendants edit
Compounds edit
- 一雞三吃／一鸡三吃
- 一魚兩吃／一鱼两吃
- 不吃虧／不吃亏
- 中吃
- 倒吃甘蔗
- 偷吃 (tōuchī)
- 叫吃
- 吃一塹，長一智／吃一堑，长一智 (chī yī qiàn, zhǎng yī zhì)
- 吃一看二
- 吃一驚／吃一惊 (chīyījīng)
- 吃不下
- 吃不上
- 吃不了
- 吃不了，兜著走
- 吃不住 (chībùzhù)
- 吃不來／吃不来
- 吃不到
- 吃不動／吃不动
- 吃不好
- 吃不得
- 吃不慣／吃不惯
- 吃不服
- 吃不消 (chībùxiāo)
- 吃不起
- 吃不透
- 吃不開／吃不开
- 吃主
- 吃乾醋／吃干醋
- 吃乾飯／吃干饭
- 吃了秤砣
- 吃交
- 吃人 (chīrén)
- 吃人兒的／吃人儿的
- 吃人家的嘴軟，拿人家的手短／吃人家的嘴软，拿人家的手短
- 吃人蟲／吃人虫
- 吃住
- 吃偏食
- 吃偏飯／吃偏饭
- 吃傷／吃伤
- 吃傷了／吃伤了
- 吃兒／吃儿 (chīr)
- 吃冤枉
- 吃刀 (chīdāo)
- 吃到飽／吃到饱 (chīdàobǎo)
- 吃力 (chīlì)
- 吃功夫
- 吃勁／吃劲 (chījìn)
- 吃勞保／吃劳保
- 吃勞金／吃劳金
- 吃十方
- 吃受
- 吃口
- 吃吃喝喝 (chīchīhēhē)
- 吃合家歡／吃合家欢
- 吃味 (chīwèi)
- 吃味兒／吃味儿
- 吃啞吧虧／吃哑吧亏
- 吃商品糧／吃商品粮
- 吃啞巴虧／吃哑巴亏
- 吃喜
- 吃喝不分
- 吃喝兒／吃喝儿
- 吃喝嫖賭／吃喝嫖赌 (chīhēpiáodǔ)
- 吃喝玩樂／吃喝玩乐 (chīhēwánlè)
- 吃喜酒
- 吃嘴 (chīzuǐ)
- 吃回扣
- 吃回頭草／吃回头草
- 吃土 (chītǔ)
- 吃地面
- 吃夜草
- 吃大戶／吃大户
- 吃大鍋飯／吃大锅饭 (chī dàguōfàn)
- 吃大項／吃大项
- 吃太平飯／吃太平饭
- 吃好
- 吃子孫飯／吃子孙饭
- 吃官司 (chī guānsi)
- 吃定心丸
- 吃客
- 吃寡酒
- 吃寡醋
- 吃小灶
- 吃小虧，占大便宜
- 吃席 (chīxí)
- 吃床腿
- 吃後悔藥／吃后悔药 (chī hòuhuǐyào)
- 吃得
- 吃得下
- 吃得了
- 吃得住 (chīdezhù)
- 吃得來／吃得来 (chīdelái)
- 吃得光
- 吃得消 (chīdexiāo)
- 吃得苦中苦，方為人上人／吃得苦中苦，方为人上人 (chī de kǔ zhōng kǔ, fāng wéi rén shàng rén)
- 吃得開／吃得开
- 吃心
- 吃悶虧／吃闷亏
- 吃惱／吃恼
- 吃慣／吃惯
- 吃拜拜
- 吃掉 (chīdiào)
- 吃掛絡兒／吃挂络儿
- 吃排落
- 吃排頭／吃排头
- 吃教
- 吃敗仗／吃败仗
- 吃敲才
- 吃本
- 吃板刀麵／吃板刀面
- 吃案
- 吃棒
- 吃槍子／吃枪子
- 吃槍藥／吃枪药 (chī qiāngyào)
- 吃死飯／吃死饭
- 吃水 (chīshuǐ)
- 吃水不忘掘井人
- 吃水線／吃水线 (chīshuǐxiàn)
- 吃法 (chīfǎ)
- 吃派飯／吃派饭
- 吃洋飯／吃洋饭
- 吃火鍋／吃火锅 (chī huǒguō)
- 吃煙／吃烟 (chīyān)
- 吃燒餅／吃烧饼
- 吃牌
- 吃牢
- 吃犒勞／吃犒劳
- 吃獨食／吃独食 (chī dúshí)
- 吃現成／吃现成
- 吃現成飯／吃现成饭
- 吃瓦片兒／吃瓦片儿
- 吃生活
- 吃癟／吃瘪 (chībiě)
- 吃白眼
- 吃白食
- 吃白飯／吃白饭 (chī báifàn)
- 吃皇糧／吃皇粮
- 吃盡當光／吃尽当光
- 吃相 (chīxiàng)
- 吃眼前虧／吃眼前亏
- 吃碰
- 吃碼頭／吃码头
- 吃私
- 吃租
- 吃空茶
- 吃空額／吃空额 (chīkòng'é)
- 吃管子
- 吃糠咽菜
- 吃糧／吃粮
- 吃紅／吃红
- 吃素 (chīsù)
- 吃緊／吃紧 (chījǐn)
- 吃纍／吃累
- 吃罪
- 吃老本 (chīlǎoběn)
- 吃耳光
- 吃膩／吃腻 (chīnì)
- 吃自來食／吃自来食
- 吃自在飯／吃自在饭
- 吃舊鍋粥／吃旧锅粥
- 吃花酒
- 吃苦 (chīkǔ)
- 吃苦耐勞／吃苦耐劳 (chīkǔnàiláo)
- 吃苦頭／吃苦头 (chī kǔtou)
- 吃茶 (chīchá)
- 吃著碗裏，望著鍋裏／吃著碗里，望著锅里
- 吃葷／吃荤 (chīhūn)
- 吃葷飯／吃荤饭
- 吃藥／吃药 (chīyào)
- 吃虧／吃亏 (chīkuī)
- 吃螺絲／吃螺丝 (chī luósī)
- 吃衙門飯／吃衙门饭
- 吃裡扒外／吃里扒外 (chīlǐpáwài)
- 吃裡爬外／吃里爬外 (chīlǐpáwài)
- 吃裏爬外／吃里爬外
- 吃請／吃请
- 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
- 吃貨／吃货 (chīhuò)
- 吃賠賬／吃赔账
- 吃贓／吃赃
- 吃軟不吃硬／吃软不吃硬 (chīruǎnbùchīyìng)
- 吃軟飯／吃软饭 (chī ruǎnfàn)
- 吃辣麵／吃辣面
- 吃透
- 吃過路兵／吃过路兵 (chī guòlù bīng)
- 吃酒 (chījiǔ)
- 吃醋 (chīcù)
- 吃醋拈酸
- 吃醋撚酸
- 吃醋爭風／吃醋争风
- 吃重 (chīzhòng)
- 吃釘子／吃钉子
- 吃釘板／吃钉板
- 吃錯藥／吃错药 (chī cuò yào)
- 吃閉門羹／吃闭门羹 (chī bìméngēng)
- 吃開口飯／吃开口饭
- 吃閒話／吃闲话
- 吃閒飯／吃闲饭 (chīxiánfàn)
- 吃零嘴
- 吃零食
- 吃青
- 吃青春飯／吃青春饭
- 吃飛醋／吃飞醋
- 吃食
- 吃食堂 (chī shítáng)
- 吃飯／吃饭 (chīfàn)
- 吃飯傢伙／吃饭家伙
- 吃飯家伙
- 吃飯防噎／吃饭防噎
- 吃飽／吃饱 (chībǎo)
- 吃飽了撐的／吃饱了撑的 (chībǎo le chēng de)
- 吃館子／吃馆子
- 吃香 (chīxiāng)
- 吃香喝辣
- 吃驚／吃惊 (chījīng)
- 吃鴨蛋／吃鸭蛋
- 吃黑棗兒／吃黑枣儿
- 吃墨船兒／吃墨船儿
- 吃齋／吃斋 (chīzhāi)
- 吃齋唸佛／吃斋念佛
- 吞吃 (tūnchī)
- 嘴吃屎
- 坐吃山崩
- 坐吃山空
- 大吃
- 大吃一驚／大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
- 大吃大喝 (dàchīdàhē)
- 大吃大嚼
- 天狗吃月
- 夯吃
- 好吃
- 好吃懶做／好吃懒做 (hàochīlǎnzuò)
- 寅吃卯糧／寅吃卯粮 (yínchīmǎoliáng)
- 小吃 (xiǎochī)
- 少吃無著／少吃无著
- 幫狗吃食／帮狗吃食
- 幫虎吃食／帮虎吃食
- 應卯吃糧／应卯吃粮
- 手面賺吃／手面赚吃
- 抹嘴吃
- 拈酸吃醋
- 搶生吃／抢生吃
- 搪酒吃
- 撩蜂吃螫
- 放牛吃草
- 暗吃一驚／暗吃一惊
- 死吃死嚼
- 混吃混玩
- 添案小吃
- 混飯吃／混饭吃 (hùnfànchī)
- 濫吃濫用／滥吃滥用
- 爭鋒吃醋／争锋吃醋
- 爭風吃醋／争风吃醋
- 狗吃屎
- 狗吃熱屎／狗吃热屎
- 狼吃幞頭
- 獨吃自痾／独吃自疴
- 生吃 (shēngchī)
- 白吃 (báichī)
- 白吃白住
- 白吃白喝 (báichībáihē)
- 百吃不厭／百吃不厌
- 禮教吃人／礼教吃人
- 穩吃三注
- 老大吃驚／老大吃惊 (lǎodà chījīng)
- 自找苦吃
- 自討苦吃／自讨苦吃 (zìtǎokǔchī)
- 蟲吃牙／虫吃牙
- 街頭小吃／街头小吃
- 討吃／讨吃
- 貪吃／贪吃 (tānchī)
- 貪吃懶做／贪吃懒做
- 賞口飯吃／赏口饭吃
- 通吃
- 零吃 (língchī)
- 靠山吃山
- 黑吃黑 (hēichīhēi)
Etymology 2 edit
| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 㰟 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
吃
Compounds edit
Etymology 3 edit
| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
吃
- Only used in 吃吃 (qīqī).
Etymology 4 edit
| simp. and trad. |
吃 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
吃
- (Hokkien) Alternative form of 食
- 看你在過生活 攏是坐著賺躺著吃 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 2003, 蔡秋鳳 (Kerris Tsai) (lyricist 李岩修), 爽到你艱苦到我
- khòaⁿ lí leh kòe seng-oa̍h, lóng sī chē-leh thàn tó-teh chia̍h [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- When I look at you living your life, you're always earning your living while sitting and eating while lying down.
看你在过生活 拢是坐著赚躺著吃 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
吃
Readings edit
Compounds edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| きつ Hyōgaiji |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 吃 (MC kj+t).
Affix edit
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| チー Hyōgaiji |
| irregular |
From Mandarin 吃 (chī, literally “to eat”).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Coordinate terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 吃 |
| ままなき Hyōgaiji |
| irregular |
Possibly a compound of 儘 (mama, “remaining at a certain state”) + 泣き (naki, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 泣く (naku), “to cry”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun edit
Synonyms edit
References edit
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja edit
吃 (eum 흘 (heul))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
吃: Hán Nôm readings: khật, hấc, hất, hớt, ngát, ngặt, ngật, ực, cật
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.