菊

菊 U+83CA, 菊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CA ← 菉 [U+83C9] CJK Unified Ideographs 菋 → [U+83CB]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

菊 (radical 140 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 4492₇, composition ⿱艹匊)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 1037, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
• Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3238, character 1
• Unihan data for U+83CA

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		菊

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 菊
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
菊	kuɡ
鞠	kuɡ, *kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ
掬	kluɡ
匊	kluɡ
鵴	kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
椈	kuɡ
諊	kuɡ
踘	kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
趜	kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
蘜	kuɡ
鞫	kuɡ
巈	kuɡ
麴	kʰuɡ
毱	ɡuɡ
驧	ɡuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kuɡ): semantic 艸 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jú (ju²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiuk
• Min Dong (BUC): gé̤ṳk
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiok / kak / kek

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêg⁴

• Wu (Wiktionary): jyq (T4); jioq (T4)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jú
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
    • Wade-Giles: chü²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: guk¹
    • Yale: gūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: giug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giug⁵
    • IPA: /ki̯uk̚²/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳk
    • IPA ^(key): /køyʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiok
    • Tâi-lô: kiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiog
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak
    • Tâi-lô: kak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
    • Tâi-lô: kik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/

Note:

• kiok - literary;
• kak/kek - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: gêg⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kek
  • IPA ^(key): /kek̚²/

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: jyq (T4); jioq (T4)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɥ̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕi̯ʊʔ⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 菊
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕy³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kʰiuk̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kiɔk̚³²/ /kik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/køyʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ky²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kik̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kiak̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /kɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwk̚/
Li Rong	/kiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ju

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*kuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
No.	7005
Phonetic component	匊
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	菊
Old Chinese	/*kuɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

菊

1. chrysanthemum

CompoundsEdit

• 八月菊
• 千日菊
• 大理菊
• 天人菊
• 延命菊 (yánmìngjú, “daisy”)
• 春蘭秋菊／春兰秋菊
• 杭菊
• 波斯菊
• 甘菊 (gānjú)
• 矢車菊／矢车菊 (shǐchējú)
• 翠菊
• 茶菊

• 菊壇／菊坛
• 菊月 (Júyuè, “ninth month of the Chinese calendar”)
• 菊枕
• 菊版
• 菊石
• 菊秋
• 菊科 (júkē)
• 菊糖
• 菊老荷枯
• 菊芋 (júyù)
• 菊花 (júhuā, “chrysanthemum flower”)
• 菊花節／菊花节

• 菊花與劍／菊花与剑
• 菊花茶 (júhuā chá, “chrysanthemum flower tea”)
• 菊花酒
• 菊苣
• 萬壽菊／万寿菊 (wànshòujú)
• 藍菊／蓝菊
• 野菊
• 金光菊
• 除蟲菊／除虫菊
• 雛菊／雏菊 (chújú, “daisy”)
• 非洲菊

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

菊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. chrysanthemum

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
• Kan’on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
菊
きく Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 菊 (kɨuk̚, “chrysanthemum”).

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) きく​ [kìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • (Tokyo) きく [kìkú] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [kʲikɯ̟ᵝ]

NounEdit

菊 (hiragana きく, katakana キク, rōmaji kiku)

1. chrysanthemum

CompoundsEdit

• 延 (えん)命 (めい)菊 (ぎく) (enmeigiku, “daisy”)
• 菊 (きく)科 (か) (kikuka, “Asteraceae”)
• 菊 (きく)花 (か) (kikuka, “chrysanthemum flower”)
• 春 (しゅん)菊 (ぎく) (shungiku, “garland chrysanthemum”)
• 雛 (ひな)菊 (ぎく) (hinagiku, “daisy”)

SynonymsEdit

• 河原 (かわら)艾 (よもぎ) (kawarayomogi)
• 河原 (かわら)薺蒿 (おはぎ) (kawaraohagi)

Proper nounEdit

菊 (hiragana きく, rōmaji Kiku)

1. A female given name

ReferencesEdit

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

菊 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune-Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

菊 (cúc)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.