輪

See also: 轮 and 輸

輪	U+8F2A, 輪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F2A

← 輩
[U+8F29]

CJK Unified Ideographs

輫 →
[U+8F2B]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

輪 (radical 159, 車+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十十人一月 (JJOMB), four-corner 5802₇, composition ⿰車侖)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1245, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38400
Dae Jaweon: page 1722, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3540, character 6
Unihan data for U+8F2A

ChineseEdit

trad.		輪
simp.		轮

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (侖) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蜦	ruːls, run
綸	kruːn, ɡ·run
論	ruːn, ruːns, *run
崘	*ruːn
掄	ruːn, run
菕	*ruːn
惀	ruːnʔ, run
睔	ɡ·ruːnʔ, kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ
碖	ruːnʔ, ruːns
溣	*ruːns
倫	*run
淪	*run
輪	*run
侖	*run
陯	*run
鯩	*run
棆	*run
踚	*run
耣	*runʔ
錀	*pqʰlun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *run): semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lún (lun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lùn
Min Bei (KCR): lê̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): lùng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): lung⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): len (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lún
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: lun²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luen
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lún
  - IPA ^(key): /lwən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Pinyin: lúnr
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˊㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: lunrh²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luel
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lúnr
  - IPA ^(key): /lwəɻ³⁵/

Note: lúnr - (1) "wheel", (2) (classifier) "round", (3) "12 years".

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: leon⁴
  - Yale: lèuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lên⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /lɵn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: lunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lun²
  - IPA: /lun¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lê̤ng
  - IPA ^(key): /lœyŋ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lùng
  - IPA ^(key): /l̃uŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lûn
  - Tâi-lô: lûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: luun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lûng
  - IPA ^(key): /luŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: len (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /ləɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /liuɪn/▼

Rime
Character	輪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力迍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwin/
Li Rong	/liuĕn/
Wang Li	/lĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lún

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]u[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*run/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	輪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lún
Middle Chinese	‹ lwin ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]u[n]/
English	wheel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	輪
Reading #	1/1
No.	8663
Phonetic component	侖
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	淪
Old Chinese	/*run/

DefinitionsEdit

輪

wheel
Short for 輪船／轮船 (lúnchuán, “ship”).
edge, rim
round (of talks, performances, etc.)
Classifier for such rounds.
to take turns
輪到你了。 / 轮到你了。 ― Lún dào nǐ le. ― It's your turn.

我等咗十幾分鐘都仲未輪到我，真係離晒譜。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我等咗十几分钟都仲未轮到我，真系离晒谱。 [Cantonese, simp.]
Ngo⁵ dang² zo² sap⁶ gei² fan¹ zung¹ dou¹ zung⁶ mei⁶ leon⁴ dou³ ngo⁵, zan¹ hai⁶ lei⁴ saai³ pou². [Jyutping]
I've waited for over ten minutes now and it's still not my turn; this is ridiculous.
(comparing people's ages) a cycle of Chinese zodiac, twelve years
我比他大一輪。 / 我比他大一轮。 ― Wǒ bǐ tā dà yī lún. ― I'm 12 years older than him.
Classifier for the sun or the moon.
(slang) Short for 輪姦／轮奸 (lúnjiān, “to gang-rape”).

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 輪

輪形動物／轮形动物
輪扁／轮扁
輪扁斲輪／轮扁斲轮
輪指／轮指
輪掣／轮掣
輪換／轮换 (lúnhuàn)
輪旋曲／轮旋曲
輪替／轮替 (lúntì)
輪栽／轮栽
輪椅／轮椅 (lúnyǐ)
輪機／轮机 (lúnjī)
輪流／轮流 (lúnliú)
輪流灌溉／轮流灌溉
輪渡／轮渡 (lúndù)
輪牧／轮牧
輪王／轮王
輪班／轮班 (lúnbān)
輪生／轮生
輪生葉／轮生叶
輪番／轮番 (lúnfān)
輪番上陣／轮番上阵
輪盤／轮盘 (lúnpán)
輪盤賭／轮盘赌 (lúnpándǔ)
輪種／轮种
輪系／轮系
輪繖花序／轮繖花序
輪胎／轮胎 (lúntāi)
輪臺／轮台 (Lúntái)
輪臺縣／轮台县
輪船／轮船 (lúnchuán)
輪藻／轮藻
輪蟲／轮虫
輪調／轮调
輪距／轮距
輪蹄／轮蹄
輪軒／轮轩
輪軸／轮轴 (lúnzhóu)
輪輻／轮辐
輪輿／轮舆
輪轂／轮毂
輪轉／轮转 (lúnzhuǎn)
輪迴／轮回 (lúnhuí)
輪遞／轮递
輪鉤／轮钩
輪鍘／轮铡
輪鎗拽步／轮𬬰拽步
轉輪／转轮
轉輪手槍／转轮手枪
轉輪聖王／转轮圣王
郵輪／邮轮 (yóulún)
金輪／金轮 (jīnlún)
隻輪不反／只轮不反
風火輪／风火轮 (fēnghuǒlún)
飆輪／飙轮
飛輪／飞轮 (fēilún)
首輪／首轮 (shǒulún)
首輪片／首轮片
黑輪／黑轮 (hēilún)
鼻輪／鼻轮
齒輪／齿轮 (chǐlún)

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
Kun: わ (wa, 輪, Jōyō)

CompoundsEdit

浮 (う)き輪 (わ) (ukiwa)
内 (うち)輪 (わ) (uchiwa)
腕 (うで)輪 (わ) (udewa, “bracelet”)
光 (こう)輪 (りん) (kōrin, “Korin Halo, a Nimbus”)
五 (ご)輪 (りん) (gorin, “Olympics”)
車 (しゃ)輪 (りん) (sharin, “wheel”)
知 (ち)恵 (え)の輪 (わ) (chie no wa)
花 (はな)輪 (わ) (hanawa, “a garland of flowers; a wreath”)
指 (ゆび)輪 (わ) (yubiwa)
輪 (りん)郭 (かく) (rinkaku)
輪 (りん)番 (ばん) (rinban)
輪 (わ)切 (ぎ)り (wagiri, “cross-sectional slice”)
輪 (わ)ゴム (wagomu)
輪 (りん)廻 (ね) (rinne) (process returning to the beginning and then repeating itself in the same sequence)
二 (に)輪 (りん)車 (しゃ) (nirinsha, “bicycle”)
三 (さん)輪 (りん)車 (しゃ) (sanrinsha) (pedicab; tricycle, three-wheeler (any three-wheeled vehicle))
競 (けい)輪 (りん) (keirin, “keirin”)

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
輪
りん Grade: 4
on’yomi

PronunciationEdit

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [ɾʲĩɴ]

CounterEdit

輪 (hiragana りん, rōmaji -rin)

wheels
flowers
一 (いち)輪 (りん)の花 (はな)が咲 (さ)く
ichirin no hana ga saku
a single flower blooms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
輪
わ Grade: 4
kun’yomi

PronunciationEdit

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) わ [wáꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ɰᵝa̠]

Alternative formsEdit

環

NounEdit

輪 (hiragana わ, rōmaji wa)

ring; circle
広 (ひろ)い輪 (わ)を描 (か)いた。
Hiroi wa o kaita.
I drew a broad circle.

ReferencesEdit

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

輪 • (ryun>yun) (hangeul 륜>윤, revised ryun>yun, McCune–Reischauer ryun>yun, Yale lyun>yun)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

輪 (luân, lon, luôn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

輪

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

CounterEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

ReferencesEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit