幹
| ||||||||
Translingual edit
Han character edit
幹 (Kangxi radical 51, 干+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十十人一十 (JJOMJ), four-corner 48441, composition ⿰𠦝𫢉)
Derived characters edit
Related characters edit
- 榦 (Variant traditional form of 幹 in mainland China)
- 干 (Simplified form of 幹 in mainland China)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9183
- Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 409, character 9
- Unihan data for U+5E79
Chinese edit
| trad. | 幹 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 干* | |
| alternative forms | 榦／干 𫢉 | |
Glyph origin edit
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːns) : semantic 倝 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).
Etymology 1 edit
The vulgar sense entered Mandarin from Hokkien 姦／奸 (kàn), as 姦 shares the same pronunciation with 幹 in Hokkien.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
幹
- main part of something; body; trunk
- (colloquial) to do
- to work
- (vulgar) to fuck; to engage in sexual intercourse
- 幹恁娘！／干恁娘！ [Hokkien] ― Kàn-lín-niâ! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Fuck your mother!
- 幹你媽！／干你妈！ ― Gàn nǐ mā! ― Fuck your mother!
- 金榮只一口咬定說：「方才明明的撞見他兩個在後院子里親嘴摸屁股，一對一肏，撅草根兒抽長短，誰長誰先幹。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
- Jīn Róng zhǐ yīkǒu yǎodìng shuō: “Fāngcái míngmíng de zhuàngjiàn tā liǎng ge zài hòuyuànzi lǐ qīnzuǐ mō pìgǔ, yīduìyī cào, juē cǎogēnr chōu chángduǎn, shéi cháng shéi xiān gàn.” [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
金荣只一口咬定说：「方才明明的撞见他两个在后院子里亲嘴摸屁股，一对一肏，撅草根儿抽长短，谁长谁先干。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (vulgar) to kill
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to steal
- (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to blame; to condemn
- (Taiwan, vulgar, colloquial) Expressing dismay or discontent.
- (dialectal Mandarin) to sort someone out
Synonyms edit
- (to do):
- (to fuck):
Compounds edit
- 三門幹部／三门干部
- 不幹／不干 (bùgàn)
- 主幹／主干 (zhǔgàn)
- 主幹家庭／主干家庭 (zhǔgàn jiātíng)
- 井幹／井干
- 交感幹／交感干 (jiāogǎngàn)
- 交感神經幹／交感神经干 (jiāogǎnshénjīnggàn)
- 儲備幹部／储备干部
- 充能幹／充能干
- 公幹／公干 (gōnggàn)
- 勾幹／勾干
- 單幹／单干
- 單幹戶／单干户
- 埋頭苦幹／埋头苦干 (máitóukǔgàn)
- 埋頭苦幹／埋头苦干 (máitóukǔgàn)
- 夯幹／夯干
- 央浼營幹／央浼营干
- 實幹／实干 (shígàn)
- 對著幹／对著干 (duìzhegàn)
- 幹上了／干上了
- 幹不了／干不了 (“cannot do it”)
- 幹不來／干不来 (“cannot do it”)
- 幹了／干了
- 幹事／干事 (“secretary in charge”)
- 幹人／干人
- 幹什麼／干什么 (gàn shénme, “do what? why?”)
- 幹仗／干仗 (“to quarrel”)
- 幹勁／干劲 (gànjìn, “vigor”)
- 幹吏／干吏
- 幹員／干员 (gànyuán)
- 幹嗎／干吗 (“why on earth”)
- 幹嘛／干嘛 (“why on earth”)
- 幹家／干家 (“household manager”)
- 幹家做活／干家做活
- 幹家緣／干家缘
- 幹將／干将 (gànjiàng, “go-getter”)
- 幹得了／干得了
- 幹得來／干得来
- 幹得過兒／干得过儿 (“can be done”)
- 幹才／干才 (“ability”)
- 幹掉／干掉 (gàndiào, “to finish, to kill”)
- 幹架／干架 (gànjià, “to quarrel”)
- 幹校／干校 (“cadre school”)
- 幹活／干活 (gànhuó, “to work”)
- 幹流／干流 (gànliú, “trunk stream”)
- 幹渠／干渠 (“trunk canal”)
- 幹濟／干济
- 幹營生／干营生
- 幹父之蠱／干父之蛊
- 幹略／干略
- 幹當／干当
- 幹的停當／干的停当
- 幹細胞／干细胞 (gànxìbāo, “stem cell”)
- 幹線／干线 (gànxiàn, “main line”)
- 幹練／干练 (gànliàn, “competent”)
- 幹線公車／干线公车
- 幹缺／干缺
- 幹蠱／干蛊
- 幹警／干警 (gànjǐng, “cadre and police”)
- 幹路／干路 (gànlù, “main road”)
- 幹辦／干办
- 幹道／干道 (gàndào, “main road”)
- 幹部／干部 (gànbù, “cadre”)
- 幹部學校／干部学校 (“cadre school”)
- 幹頭／干头
- 幹頭兒／干头儿 (“worth”)
- 幹麼／干么 (gànmá)
- 府幹／府干
- 強幹／强干
- 強幹弱枝／强干弱枝
- 彊幹弱枝／强干弱枝
- 徐幹／徐干
- 才幹／才干 (cáigàn)
- 才能幹濟／才能干济
- 打幹／打干
- 材幹／材干 (cáigān)
- 枝幹／枝干 (zhīgàn)
- 楨幹／桢干
- 樹幹／树干 (shùgàn, “tree trunk”)
- 沒幹／没干
- 沒幹頭／没干头
- 沒梢幹／没梢干
- 洗手不幹／洗手不干
- 營幹／营干
- 盲幹／盲干 (mánggàn)
- 硬幹／硬干
- 管幹／管干
- 精幹／精干 (jīnggàn)
- 精明幹練／精明干练
- 精明強幹／精明强干
- 精明能幹／精明能干
- 總幹事／总干事 (zǒnggànshì)
- 能幹／能干 (nénggàn)
- 腦幹／脑干 (nǎogàn)
- 苦幹／苦干 (kǔgàn)
- 薄幹／薄干
- 蠻幹／蛮干 (mángàn)
- 詞幹／词干 (cígàn)
- 謀幹／谋干
- 貴幹／贵干 (guìgàn)
- 趲幹／趱干
- 軀幹／躯干 (qūgàn)
- 軀幹骨／躯干骨
- 配水幹管／配水干管
- 里幹事
- 韓幹／韩干
- 韓幹畫馬／韩干画马
- 領導幹部／领导干部
- 頭臂動脈幹／头臂动脉干 (tóubìdòngmàigàn)
- 頭臂幹／头臂干 (tóubìgàn)
- 骨幹／骨干 (gǔgàn)
- 高幹／高干 (gāogàn)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
幹
- just
- calm
- Alternative form of 干 (“heavenly stem”)
- dead
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
幹
References edit
- “幹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
幹
Readings edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 幹 |
| みき Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
Originally a compound of 身 (mi, “body”) + 木 (ki, “tree”).[1][2][3]
First cited to a text from 1726.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Etymology 2 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 幹 |
| から Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 幹 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 幹, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 幹 |
| かん Grade: 5 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 幹 (MC kanH).
Pronunciation edit
Affix edit
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
- 幹細胞 (kansaibō): stem cell
- 新幹線 (shinkansen): bullet train
- 脳幹 (nōkan): brain stem
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja edit
幹 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
幹: Hán Việt readings: can, cán, hàn
幹: Nôm readings: cán
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.