餅

餅 U+9905, 餅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9905 ← 餄 [U+9904] CJK Unified Ideographs 餆 → [U+9906]

See also: 饼 and 餠

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

餅 (radical 184 食+8, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人戈廿廿 (OITT), four-corner 8874₁, composition ⿰飠并(GHTV) or ⿰𩙿并(JK))

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 1419, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44133
• Dae Jaweon: page 1943, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4453, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9905

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ChineseEdit

trad.		餅
simp.		饼
alt. forms		餠

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (并) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
鵧	*bi
駢	*beːn
胼	*beːn
骿	*beːn
軿	*beːn, *beːŋ
賆	*beːn
跰	*preŋs, *beːn
恲	*pʰreŋ
鮩	*breŋʔ, *beːŋʔ, *biɡ
絣	*preːŋ
拼	*preːŋ
迸	*preːŋs
姘	*pʰreːŋ, *pʰeːŋ
皏	*pʰreːŋʔ
併	*breːŋʔ, *breːŋs, *peŋʔ, *peŋs, *beːŋʔ
并	*peŋ, *peŋs
栟	*peŋ
屏	*peŋ, *peŋʔ, *beːŋ
箳	*peŋ, *beːŋ
餅	*peŋʔ
鉼	*peŋʔ
摒	*peŋs
庰	*beŋs
偋	*beŋs
艵	*pʰeːŋ
頩	*pʰeːŋ, *pʰeːŋʔ
竮	*pʰeːŋ, *beːŋ
瓶	*beːŋ
缾	*beːŋ
蛢	*beːŋ
荓	*beːŋ
郱	*beːŋ
洴	*beːŋ
蓱	*beːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *peŋʔ): semantic 飠 (“food”) + phonetic 幷 (as in 餠); phonetic component now simplified to 并.

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǐng (bing³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): beng², bing²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): piáng
• Min Dong (BUC): biāng / piāng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): piáⁿ / péng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bian²

• Wu (Wiktionary): pin (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: bǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ping³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
    • IPA ^(key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: beng², bing²
    • Yale: béng, bíng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: beng², bing²
    • Guangdong Romanization: béng², bing²
    • IPA ^(key): /pɛːŋ³⁵/, /pɪŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
    • Hakka Romanization System: biang`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: biang³
    • IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: biāng / piāng
    • IPA ^(key): /piaŋ³³/, /pʰiaŋ³³/

Note:

• biāng - noun;
• piāng - classifier.

• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piáⁿ / péng
    • Tâi-lô: piánn / píng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pviar, peang
    • IPA (Xiamen): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /piã⁵⁵⁴/, /piɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /piã⁴¹/, /piɪŋ⁴¹/

Note:

• piáⁿ - vernacular;
• péng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: bian²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piáⁿ
  • IPA ^(key): /pĩã⁵²/

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: pin (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /pɪɲ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /piᴇŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	餅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	必郢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/piᴇŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/piɛŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/piæŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/piajŋX/
Li Rong	/piɛŋX/
Wang Li	/pĭɛŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ɛŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǐng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*peŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*peŋʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	餅
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ pjiengX ›
Old Chinese	/*peŋʔ/
English	cake
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	餅
Reading #	1/1
No.	934
Phonetic component	并
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	餅
Old Chinese	/*peŋʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

餅

1. pastry; biscuit; cookie

   月餅 / 月饼  ―  yuèbǐng  ―  mooncake

   曲奇餅 / 曲奇饼  ―  qūqíbǐng  ―  cookie

2. any round and flat pancake-like object

   肉餅 / 肉饼  ―  ròubǐng  ―  meat patty

3. (Cantonese) Classifier for video cassettes.
4. (Min Dong) Classifier for pastry or flat objects.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 餅

• 一漿十餅／一浆十饼
• 充饑畫餅／充饥画饼
• 光餅／光饼
• 吃燒餅／吃烧饼
• 合子餅／合子饼
• 喜餅／喜饼
• 大餅／大饼
• 太陽餅／太阳饼
• 夾心餅乾／夹心饼干
• 奶餅／奶饼
• 威化餅／威化饼 (wēihuàbǐng)
• 寶珠市餅／宝珠市饼
• 尖餅／尖饼
• 春餅／春饼 (chūnbǐng)
• 月餅／月饼 (yuèbǐng)
• 松花餅／松花饼
• 柿餅／柿饼 (shìbǐng)
• 椪餅／椪饼
• 橘餅／橘饼
• 油餅／油饼 (yóubǐng)
• 湯餅／汤饼
• 湯餅會／汤饼会
• 潤餅／润饼 (rùnbǐng)
• 炊餅／炊饼
• 烙燒餅／烙烧饼
• 烙餅／烙饼 (làobǐng)

• 煎餅／煎饼 (jiānbǐng)
• 燒餅／烧饼 (shāobǐng)
• 燒餅歌／烧饼歌
• 爐餅／炉饼
• 牛舌餅／牛舌饼
• 狀元餅／状元饼
• 番薯椪餅／番薯椪饼
• 畫餅／画饼
• 畫餅充饑／画饼充饥
• 疤瘌餅／疤瘌饼
• 石頭餅／石头饼
• 福壽餅／福寿饼
• 禮餅／礼饼
• 粉餅／粉饼
• 糕餅／糕饼 (gāobǐng)
• 翻餅／翻饼
• 老婆餅／老婆饼 (lǎopóbǐng)
• 耿餅／耿饼
• 聖餅子／圣饼子
• 肉餅／肉饼 (ròubǐng)
• 胡餅／胡饼 (húbǐng)
• 脆餅／脆饼
• 茶餅／茶饼 (chábǐng)
• 蒸餅／蒸饼
• 蔥油餅／葱油饼 (cōngyóubǐng)
• 薄餅／薄饼 (báobǐng)

• 藥餅／药饼
• 蘇打餅乾／苏打饼干
• 蛋餅／蛋饼
• 讖語餅／谶语饼
• 豆餅／豆饼
• 貼餅子／贴饼子
• 鍋餅／锅饼
• 鐵餅／铁饼 (tiěbǐng)
• 雞仔餅／鸡仔饼 (jīzǎibǐng)
• 雞蛋餅／鸡蛋饼
• 雪餅／雪饼
• 餅乾／饼干 (bǐnggān)
• 餅子／饼子
• 餅師／饼师
• 餅金／饼金
• 餅銀／饼银
• 餅錠／饼锭
• 餅鐺／饼铛 (bǐngchēng)
• 餅餌／饼饵
• 餡餅／馅饼 (xiànbǐng)
• 香餅／香饼
• 麵餅／面饼 (miànbǐng)
• 麻餅／麻饼
• 黃串餅／黄串饼
• 龍鳳餅／龙凤饼

DescendantsEdit

• Khmer: បាញ់ (banh, “cake, pastry”)
• Lao: ແປ້ງ (pǣng, “flour; starch; powder”)
• Thai: แป้ง (bpɛ̂ɛng, “powder; flour; starch”)
• Vietnamese: bánh (“pastry; cake; bread”)

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JapaneseEdit

Shinjitai	餅
Kyūjitai	餠

KanjiEdit

餅

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 餠)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: ひょう (hyō)^{←ひやう (fyau, historical)}
• Kan’on: へい (hei, Jōyō)^{←へい (fei, historical)}
• Kun: もち (mochi, 餅, Jōyō)

EtymologyEdit

Kanji in this term
餅
かちん Grade: S
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
餅
あも Grade: S
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
餅
もちい Grade: S
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
餅
もち Grade: S
kun’yomi

PronunciationEdit

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) もち [mòchí] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [mo̞t͡ɕi]

NounEdit

餅 (hiragana もち, katakana モチ, rōmaji mochi)
(alternative reading hiragana もちい, romaji mochī, historical hiragana もちひ)
(alternative reading hiragana あも, romaji amo)
(alternative reading hiragana かちん, romaji kachin)

1. a mochi
   • 1996 February 20, Adachi, Mitsuru, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT PROGRAMショート・プログラム [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 1 (fiction, in Japanese), 25th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, ISBN 4-09-121881-4, page 107:

     自 (じ)分 (ぶん)で自 (じ)分 (ぶん)の行 (こう)動 (どう)に条 (じょう)件 (けん)をつけちゃうんだよ、この娘 (こ)——例 (たと)えば、毎 (まい)年 (とし)初 (はつ)雪 (ゆき)が降 (ふ)るまでモチは食 (く)わないとか、霊 (れい)柩 (きゅう)車 (しゃ)が通 (とお)るまで道 (みち)を渡 (わた)らないとか、ネコがあくびするまでコタツを出 (で)ないとか。

     Jibun de jibun no kōdō ni jōken o tsukechaun da yo, kono ko—— Tatoeba, maitoshi hatsuyuki ga furu made mochi wa kuwanai toka, reikyūsha ga tōru made michi o wataranai toka, neko ga akubisuru made kotatsu o denai toka.

     She sets terms for every of her own actions—— Like, not eating mochi until the first snowfall of each year, not crossing the street until the hearse passes by, or not leaving the kotatsu until her cat yawns.

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

餅 • (byeong)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 병 (revised: byeong)
  • Name (hangeul): 떡 (revised: tteok)

1. cake

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VietnameseEdit

CharacterEdit

ReadingsEdit

• Hán Việt: bính
• Nôm: bính, bánh

NounEdit

餅 (bánh)

1. pastry, cake, bread, dumpling, noodle, wafer, or pudding
   • 13th century: Trần Nhân Tông, "Đệ cửu hội", Cư trần lạc đạo phú

     茶(trà)趙(Triệu)老(lão)餅(bánh)韶(Thiều)陽(Dương)/排(bầy)禪(thiền)子(tử)矣(hãy)群(còn)肁(đói)渴(khát)

     Old man Trieu’s tea, Thieu Duong cakes, / the novices still hungry and thirsty.

ReferencesEdit

• Jean-Louis Taberd (1838), Dictionarium Anamitico-Latinum, p. A4.
• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)