Wiktionary

餅

See also: 饼 and 餠
餅 U+9905, 餅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9905
← 餄
[U+9904] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 餆 →
[U+9906]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

餅 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 14 strokes in Chinese, 15 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈廿廿 (OITT), four-corner 88741, composition ⿰飠并(GHTV) or ⿰𩙿并(JK))

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1419, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44133
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1943, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4453, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9905

ChineseEdit

trad. 餅
simp. 饼
alternative forms 餠

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (并) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鵧 *bi
駢 *beːn
胼 *beːn
骿 *beːn
軿 *beːn, *beːŋ
賆 *beːn
跰 *preŋs, *beːn
恲 *pʰreŋ
鮩 *breŋʔ, *beːŋʔ, *biɡ
絣 *preːŋ
拼 *preːŋ
迸 *preːŋs
姘 *pʰreːŋ, *pʰeːŋ
皏 *pʰreːŋʔ
併 *breːŋʔ, *breːŋs, *peŋʔ, *peŋs, *beːŋʔ
并 *peŋ, *peŋs
栟 *peŋ
屏 *peŋ, *peŋʔ, *beːŋ
箳 *peŋ, *beːŋ
餅 *peŋʔ
鉼 *peŋʔ
摒 *peŋs
庰 *beŋs
偋 *beŋs
艵 *pʰeːŋ
頩 *pʰeːŋ, *pʰeːŋʔ
竮 *pʰeːŋ, *beːŋ
瓶 *beːŋ
缾 *beːŋ
蛢 *beːŋ
荓 *beːŋ
郱 *beːŋ
洴 *beːŋ
蓱 *beːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *peŋʔ): semantic 飠 (“food”) + phonetic 并 (OC *peŋ, *peŋs); traditional glyph form during Ming and Qing dynasty used to advocate 幷 (as in 餠) based on the influence of Shuowen.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • biāng - noun;
  • piāng - classifier.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • piáⁿ - vernacular;
    • péng - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 餅
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 清 (121)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 必郢切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/piᴇŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/piɛŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/piæŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/piajŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/piɛŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/pĭɛŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pi̯ɛŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		bǐng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		bing2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 餅
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bǐng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pjiengX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*peŋʔ/
    English cake

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 餅
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 934
    Phonetic
    component         		并
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		餅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*peŋʔ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    餅

    1. pastry; biscuit; cookie
      月餅／月饼  ―  yuèbǐng  ―  mooncake
      曲奇餅／曲奇饼  ―  qūqíbǐng  ―  cookie
    2. any round and flat pancake-like object
      茶餅／茶饼  ―  chábǐng  ―  dried tea leaves pressed into the shape of a disc
      肉餅／肉饼  ―  ròubǐng  ―  meat patty
      麵餅／面饼  ―  miànbǐng  ―  disc (block) of instant noodles
    3. (Cantonese) Classifier for video cassettes.
      呢餅帶／呢饼带 [Cantonese]  ―  ni1 beng2 daai3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  this cassette
    4. (Min Dong) Classifier for pastry or flat objects.
    5. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
      三餅金／三饼金  ―  sān bǐng jīn  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 餅

    DescendantsEdit

    • → Khmer: បាញ់ (bañ, “cake, pastry”)
    • → Lao: ແປ້ງ (pǣng, “flour; starch; powder”)
    • → Thai: แป้ง (bpɛ̂ɛng, “powder; flour; starch”)
    • → Vietnamese: bánh (“pastry; cake; bread”), bánh pía (“Suzhou-style mooncake”)

    JapaneseEdit

    Shinjitai

    		餅

    Kyūjitai

    		餠

    KanjiEdit

    餅

    (common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 餠)

    1. mochi (glutinous rice cake)
    2. food containing mochi
    3. food kneaded and baked from flour

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 1Edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
     
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
     
    餅 (mochi): a pair of glutinous rice cakes
    Kanji in this term
    餅
    もち
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    餠 (kyūjitai)

    /mot͡ɕiː/ → /mot͡ɕi/

    Shift from older mochii, historical mochihi (see below).[1][2] Now the modern term for a glutinous rice cake.

    Compare モモンガ (momonga, “Japanese dwarf flying squirrel”), with a similar shift.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    餅(もち) • (mochi)  (kyūjitai 餠)

    1. mochi (Japanese rice cake made from glutinous rice, usually mixed with other ingredients)
      • 1996 February 20 [Feb 15 1988], Adachi, Mitsuru, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 1 (fiction), 25th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 107:
        自(じ)分(ぶん)で自(じ)分(ぶん)の行(こう)動(どう)に条(じょう)件(けん)をつけちゃうんだよ、この娘(こ)——例(たと)えば、毎(まい)年(とし)初(はつ)雪(ゆき)が降(ふ)るまでモチは食(く)わないとか、霊(れい)柩(きゅう)車(しゃ)が通(とお)るまで道(みち)を渡(わた)らないとか、ネコがあくびするまでコタツを出(で)ないとか。
        Jibun de jibun no kōdō ni jōken o tsukechaun da yo, kono ko—— Tatoeba, maitoshi hatsuyuki ga furu made mochi wa kuwanai toka, reikyūsha ga tōru made michi o wataranai toka, neko ga akubisuru made kotatsu o denai toka.
        She sets terms for every of her own actions— Like, not eating mochi until the first snowfall of each year, not crossing the street until the hearse passes by, or not leaving the kotatsu until her cat yawns.
      Synonym: 糯飯, 餅飯 (mochi-ii)
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms
    IdiomsEdit
    ProverbsEdit
    Proverbs
    DescendantsEdit
    Related termsEdit

    Proper nounEdit

    餅(もち) • (Mochi)  (kyūjitai 餠)

    1. a surname

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    餅
    もちい
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    餠 (kyūjitai)

    ⟨moti ipi1⟩ → */motipʲi/ → /mot͡ɕifi/ → /mot͡ɕiwi/ → /mot͡ɕiː/

    First attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).

    Shift from 糯飯 (mochi-ii), itself a compound of 糯 (mochi, “glutinous rice”) + 飯 (ii, “cooked grains”).[1][2]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    餅(もちい) • (mochii) ←もちひ (motifi)? (kyūjitai 餠)

    1. (archaic) mochi (Japanese rice cake made from glutinous rice, usually mixed with other ingredients)
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    餅
    かちん
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    餠 (kyūjitai)

    First attested in Muromachi period texts.

    Originally a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, literally “woman's language”) term, derived as a compound of 搗ち (kachi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 搗つ (katsu, “to pound in a mortar”) + 飯 (ii, “cooked grains”).[1][2][3] The final ん (-n) is likely an informal suffix. Listed as cachin in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.[6]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    餅(かちん) • (kachin)  (kyūjitai 餠)

    1. (colloquial) mochi (Japanese rice cake made from glutinous rice, usually mixed with other ingredients)
      Synonym: おかちん (o-kachin)

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term
    餅
    あも
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    餠 (kyūjitai)

    /amːot͡ɕi/ → /amːo/ → /amo/

    A shift from 餡餅 (anmochi, “red bean-paste mochi”), deriving from baby talk.[1][2][3] Appears in the Nippo Jisho of 1603, described as “Palaura de mulheres, 🙰 mininos” (“a women's and children's word”).[7]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    餅(あも) • (amo)  (kyūjitai 餠)

    1. (usually childish) mochi filled or wrapped in red bean paste
      Synonym: 餡餅 (anmochi, anmo)
    2. (usually childish, by extension) mochi (Japanese rice cake made from glutinous rice, usually mixed with other ingredients)
    See alsoEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    5. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    6. ^ 1603, 日葡辞書: パリ本 / Vocabulario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho: Paris edition / Vocabulary of the Language of Japan) (in Japanese and Portuguese), 1976 reprint, Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, text here as the fifth entry from the bottom of the right-hand column
    7. ^ 1603, 日葡辞書: パリ本 / Vocabulario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho: Paris edition / Vocabulary of the Language of Japan) (in Japanese and Portuguese), 1976 reprint, Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, text here, third entry from the bottom in the right-hand column

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    餅 (eumhun 떡 병 (tteok byeong))

    1. Alternative form of 餠 (“Hanja form? of 병 (“rice cake”).”)

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    OkinawanEdit

    Kanji in this term
    餅
    むーちー
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 餅 (mochi).

    NounEdit

    餅 (hiragana むーちー, rōmaji mūchī)

    1. mochi

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    餅: Hán Việt readings: bính
    餅: Nôm readings: bính, bánh

    NounEdit

    餅 • (bánh)

    1. Nôm form of bánh (“pastry, cake, bread, dumpling, noodle, wafer, or pudding”).

    ReferencesEdit

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