'n
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Contraction of and.
Conjunction edit
'n
- Nonstandard spelling of 'n'.
- fish 'n chips
- rock 'n roll
- 1927, Arthur D[ouglas] Howden Smith, “The Ferryman”, in Commodore Vanderbilt: An Epic of American Achievement, New York, N.Y.: Robert M[edill] McBride & Company, section III, pages 50–51:
- “Might think we was brother 'n sister, to hear ye, Ma! Damn me to glory, don't ye know thar's fust cousins marryin' every week? And no harm come of it.” […] “Oh, son, not in the face of Pa 'n me that love you, whatever you think! We're only tryin' to figger for your own good.”
Etymology 2 edit
Conjunction edit
'n
- Contraction of than.
- 1865, Mark Twain, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County:
- The feller took the box again, and took another long, particular look, and give it back to Smiley, and says, very deliberate, "Well, I don't see no p'ints about that frog that's any better'n any other frog."
- 1969, Anne Warner, Susan Clegg and her friend Mrs. Lathrop, page 87:
- She says you may laugh 'f you feel so inclined, but there ain't no such big difference between your leg 'n' a dead rat but what it 'll pay you to mark her words. She says 'f it don't do no more 'n eat the skin off it 'll still be pretty hard for you to lay there without no skin 'n' feel the plaster goin' in more 'n' more.
- 2010, Arnan Heyden, Daughters of Agendale, page 228:
- What I can give ya is this bit o' knowledge: there be things in this world that no one can explain. There are things bigger 'n mountains, bigger 'n oceans, bigger 'n fields an' night skies filled with stars, bigger 'n kings, or queens…
Etymology 3 edit
Conjunction edit
'n
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
'n (plural 'ns)
- (colloquial) Alternative form of 'un (“one, a thing”)
- 2009, Mariella Glenn Hartsfield, Tall Betsy and Dunce Baby: South Georgia Folktales, page 104:
- The other said, "Alright, I'm gonna do it like this: you take this'n, I'll take that'n; you take this'n, I'll take that'n; […]
- 2012, Liza Cody, Musclebound, page 15:
- Which really did turn into a headache when I woke up — a bad'n.
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
'n (indefinite)
Usage notes edit
- This word is not capitalized at the beginning of a sentence and the following word is capitalized instead.
Asturian edit
Preposition edit
'n
Usage notes edit
While this contraction still reflects the elision that often occurs in en when it is between a word ending in a vowel and a word beginning in a consonant, this spelling was dropped by the Academy of the Asturian Language in 1990. Thus, the normative spelling of the above example is now Toi viviendo en Cangues.
See also edit
Bavarian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Merged unstressed form of an and en or den.
Article edit
'n m
See also edit
m | n | f | pl | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
definite | nominative | der, da | — | das, es, des | 's | de | d' | de | d' |
accusative | en, den | 'n | |||||||
dative | em, dem | 'm | em, dem | 'm | der, da | — | |||
genitive1 | des | des | der, da | der, da | |||||
indefinite | nominative | a | — | a | — | a | — | ||
accusative | an | 'n | |||||||
dative | am | 'm | am | 'm | a, ana | 'na |
Etymology 2 edit
Unstressed form of eam.
Pronoun edit
'n
See also edit
nominative | accusative | dative | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
1st person singular | i | — | mi | — | mia (mir) | ma | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | — | di | — | dia (dir) | da | |
2nd person singular (formal) |
Sie | — | Eahna | — | Eahna | — | |
3rd person singular | m | er | a | eahm | 'n | eahm | 'n |
n | es, des | 's | des | 's | |||
f | se, de | 's | se | 's | ihr | — | |
1st person plural | mia (mir) | ma | uns | — | uns | — | |
2nd person plural | eß, ihr | — | enk, eich | — | enk, eich | — | |
3rd person plural | se | 's | eahna | — | eahna | — |
Catalan edit
Pronoun edit
'n
- Contraction of ne.
Usage notes edit
- 'n is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
Declension edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
'n
- Contraction of een.
Notes edit
If 'n begins a sentence, the first letter of the following word is capitalised instead.
German edit
Alternative forms edit
- n (nonstandard)
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Contraction of ein. Like virtually all traditional German dialects, colloquial standard German distinguishes the indefinite article from the numeral for "one". The specific form 'n has spread from the North southward and is thus of chiefly Low German origin. Most High German dialects use forms without the final -n, such as [ə] or [a], at least for the basic form (i.e. the masculine and neuter nominative). These pronunciations are sometimes heard in colloquial standard German as well, but 'n is clearly the commonest form.
Article edit
'n
- (colloquial) Alternative form of ein (“a, an”)
- (colloquial) Alternative form of einen (“a, an”)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Contraction of denn.
Adverb edit
'n
- (colloquial) short for denn (used for general emphasis)
- Wann wärst'n hier?
- So, when would you be here?
Italian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Preposition edit
'n
- (literary) Alternative form of in
- (colloquial) Pronunciation spelling of in.
Etymology 2 edit
Article edit
'n m
Numeral edit
'n m
Etymology 3 edit
Adverb edit
'n
Ligurian edit
Etymology edit
Apheresis of un (“a, an”, article).
Pronunciation edit
Article edit
Low German edit
Article edit
'n
- Contraction of den.
Pronoun edit
'n
- Contraction of en.
Sicilian edit
Etymology edit
Apheresis of in, from Latin in.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
'n
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Particle edit
'n
- Alternative form of yn (used after a vowel).
- Mae hi'n darllen. ― She is reading.
- Mae hi'n gysglyd. ― She is sleepy.
- Mae hi'n ferch. ― She is a girl.
Etymology 2 edit
Determiner edit
'n (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- our (used after vowels).
- Dyna'n harian ni.
- That's our money.
Pronoun edit
'n (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- us (as the direct object of a verbal noun or verb)
- Mae e yma i'n harfarnu.
- He's here to appraise us.
- Fe'n magwyd yng ngefn gwlad.
- We were brought up (lit. One brought us up) in the countryside.
Usage notes edit
- In formal Welsh, the contraction 'n is a valid form of ein found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, ein is often contracted to 'n after almost any vowel-final word.
- Pronomial 'n (and ein) can occur before any verbal noun. Before verbal, pronomial 'n is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles, such as fe, a, ni, na, oni and pe.
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “'n”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Zealandic edit
Etymology edit
An unstressed variety of eên.
Determiner edit
'n
- a (indefinite article)