forma

See also: a-form, formà, formá, formă, fôrma, formą, förmå, and -forma

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin fōrma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾma/, [ˈfoɾ.ma]
• Rhymes: -oɾma
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma m (plural formes)

1. shape, form

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin fōrma.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

forma (definite accusative formanı, plural formalar)

1. shape, form

   Synonym: şəkil

2. uniform (especially of school uniform)

   məktəb forması ― school uniform

3. (grammar) mood

Declension

Declension of forma
	singular	plural
nominative	forma	formalar
definite accusative	formanı	formaları
dative	formaya	formalara
locative	formada	formalarda
ablative	formadan	formalardan
definite genitive	formanın	formaların

Possessive forms of forma
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formam	formalarım
sənin (“your”)	forman	formaların
onun (“his/her/its”)	forması	formaları
bizim (“our”)	formamız	formalarımız
sizin (“your”)	formanız	formalarınız
onların (“their”)	forması or formaları	formaları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formamı	formalarımı
sənin (“your”)	formanı	formalarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	formasını	formalarını
bizim (“our”)	formamızı	formalarımızı
sizin (“your”)	formanızı	formalarınızı
onların (“their”)	formasını or formalarını	formalarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formama	formalarıma
sənin (“your”)	formana	formalarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	formasına	formalarına
bizim (“our”)	formamıza	formalarımıza
sizin (“your”)	formanıza	formalarınıza
onların (“their”)	formasına or formalarına	formalarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formamda	formalarımda
sənin (“your”)	formanda	formalarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	formasında	formalarında
bizim (“our”)	formamızda	formalarımızda
sizin (“your”)	formanızda	formalarınızda
onların (“their”)	formasında or formalarında	formalarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formamdan	formalarımdan
sənin (“your”)	formandan	formalarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	formasından	formalarından
bizim (“our”)	formamızdan	formalarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	formanızdan	formalarınızdan
onların (“their”)	formasından or formalarından	formalarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	formamın	formalarımın
sənin (“your”)	formanın	formalarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	formasının	formalarının
bizim (“our”)	formamızın	formalarımızın
sizin (“your”)	formanızın	formalarınızın
onların (“their”)	formasının or formalarının	formalarının

Further reading

• “forma” in Obastan.com.

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish forma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /forma/ [for.ma]
• Rhymes: -orma
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma inan

1. form, shape

Declension

Declension of forma (inanimate, ending in -a)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	forma	forma	formak
ergative	formak	formak	formek
dative	formari	formari	formei
genitive	formaren	formaren	formen
comitative	formarekin	formarekin	formekin
causative	formarengatik	formarengatik	formengatik
benefactive	formarentzat	formarentzat	formentzat
instrumental	formaz	formaz	formez
inessive	formatan	forman	formetan
locative	formatako	formako	formetako
allative	formatara	formara	formetara
terminative	formataraino	formaraino	formetaraino
directive	formatarantz	formarantz	formetarantz
destinative	formatarako	formarako	formetarako
ablative	formatatik	formatik	formetatik
partitive	formarik	—	—
prolative	formatzat	—	—

Further reading

• “forma”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “forma”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈfor.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈfoɾ.ma]
• Rhymes: -oɾma
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin fōrma.

Noun

forma f (plural formes)

1. form; shape

Related terms

• formar
• -forme

References

• “forma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “forma”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “forma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “forma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Etymology 2

Verb

forma

1. inflection of formar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech forma, from Latin fōrma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈforma]
• Rhymes: -orma
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma f

1. form, shape
2. mold/mould (for shaping a fluid or plastic substance)

Declension

Declension of forma (hard feminine reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	forma	formy
genitive	formy	forem
dative	formě	formám
accusative	formu	formy
vocative	formo	formy
locative	formě	formách
instrumental	formou	formami

Derived terms

• formička

 

Related terms

• deformace
• deformovat
• dezinformace
• dezinformátor
• dezinformovat
• formace
• formalismus
• formalista
• formalistický
• formativní
• formální
• formovat
• formulace
• formulář
• formule
• formulka
• formulovat
• informace
• informant
• informatik
• informatika
• informátor
• informovat
• konformismus
• konformista
• konformní
• reforma
• reformace
• reformátor
• reformovat
• transformace
• transformátor
• transformovat
• uniforma
• uniformita
• uniformní
• uniformovaný

 

Further reading

• forma in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• forma in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• forma in Internetová jazyková příručka

Anagrams

• morfa

French

Verb

forma

1. third-person singular past historic of former

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese forma (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin fōrma. Cognate with Portuguese forma and Spanish horma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾma/ [ˈfoɾ.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -oɾma
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma f (plural formas)

1. form, shape
2. mold, cast
3. cake tin
4. button

   Synonym: botón

5. shoe tree

Related terms

• formal
• formar

References

• Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “forma”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “forma”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• “forma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “forma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “forma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin forma, perhaps from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, figure”), via Etruscan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈformɒ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: for‧ma
• Rhymes: -mɒ

Noun

forma (plural formák)

1. form
2. shape

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	forma	formák
accusative	formát	formákat
dative	formának	formáknak
instrumental	formával	formákkal
causal-final	formáért	formákért
translative	formává	formákká
terminative	formáig	formákig
essive-formal	formaként	formákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	formában	formákban
superessive	formán	formákon
adessive	formánál	formáknál
illative	formába	formákba
sublative	formára	formákra
allative	formához	formákhoz
elative	formából	formákból
delative	formáról	formákról
ablative	formától	formáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	formáé	formáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	formáéi	formákéi

Possessive forms of forma
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	formám	formáim
2nd person sing.	formád	formáid
3rd person sing.	formája	formái
1st person plural	formánk	formáink
2nd person plural	formátok	formáitok
3rd person plural	formájuk	formáik

Synonyms

• alak

Derived terms

• formai
• formájú
• formál
• formás
• formátlan
• formáz

 

Compound words

• egyforma
• életforma
• formabontó
• formatervezés
• formatervező
• süteményforma

 

Further reading

• forma in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔrma/
• Rhymes: -ɔrma

Verb

forma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative formaði, supine formað)

1. (transitive, with accusative) to form, to shape

Conjugation

forma — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að forma
supine (sagnbót)		formað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		formandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég forma	við formum	present (nútíð)	ég formi	við formum
	þú formar	þið formið		þú formir	þið formið
	hann, hún, það formar	þeir, þær, þau forma		hann, hún, það formi	þeir, þær, þau formi
past (þátíð)	ég formaði	við formuðum	past (þátíð)	ég formaði	við formuðum
	þú formaðir	þið formuðuð		þú formaðir	þið formuðuð
	hann, hún, það formaði	þeir, þær, þau formuðu		hann, hún, það formaði	þeir, þær, þau formuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	forma (þú)	formið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	formaðu	formiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

formast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að formast
supine (sagnbót)		formast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		formandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég formast	við formumst	present (nútíð)	ég formist	við formumst
	þú formast	þið formist		þú formist	þið formist
	hann, hún, það formast	þeir, þær, þau formast		hann, hún, það formist	þeir, þær, þau formist
past (þátíð)	ég formaðist	við formuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég formaðist	við formuðumst
	þú formaðist	þið formuðust		þú formaðist	þið formuðust
	hann, hún, það formaðist	þeir, þær, þau formuðust		hann, hún, það formaðist	þeir, þær, þau formuðust
imperative (boðháttur)	formast (þú)	formist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	formastu	formisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

formaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	formaður	formuð	formað		formaðir	formaðar	formuð
accusative (þolfall)	formaðan	formaða	formað		formaða	formaðar	formuð
dative (þágufall)	formuðum	formaðri	formuðu		formuðum	formuðum	formuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	formaðs	formaðrar	formaðs		formaðra	formaðra	formaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	formaði	formaða	formaða		formuðu	formuðu	formuðu
accusative (þolfall)	formaða	formuðu	formaða		formuðu	formuðu	formuðu
dative (þágufall)	formaða	formuðu	formaða		formuðu	formuðu	formuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	formaða	formuðu	formaða		formuðu	formuðu	formuðu

Indonesian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fōrma (“form”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈfɔrma]
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma (first-person possessive formaku, second-person possessive formamu, third-person possessive formanya)

1. (biology, taxonomy) form: an infraspecific rank.

Further reading

• “forma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian форма (forma).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈformɑ/, [ˈfo̞rm]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈformɑ/, [ˈfo̞rmɑ]
• Rhymes: -orm, -ormɑ
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma

1. form, shape
   • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:

     Töö saatta tiitä kuin suur ono maa, millaist hää ono formaa ja mitä ono hänen pääl.

     You will get to know how the earth is big, what kind of shape it is and what is on top of it.

2. (grammar) form
   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 31:

     Forma "metsääs" vastajaa kysymyksee mis? kus?

     The form "metsääs" answers the question where?

Declension

Declension of forma (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	forma	format
genitive	forman	formoin
partitive	formaa	formoja
illative	formaa	formoi
inessive	formaas	formois
elative	formast	formoist
allative	formalle	formoille
adessive	formaal	formoil
ablative	formalt	formoilt
translative	formaks	formoiks
essive	formanna, formaan	formoinna, formoin
exessive1)	formant	formoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• formain
• kysymysforma
• käskyforma
• partitivaforma

 

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 39

Interlingua

Noun

forma (plural formas)

1. form

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfor.ma/
• Rhymes: -orma
• Hyphenation: fór‧ma

Etymology 1

From Latin forma, from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ); see Latin entry.

Noun

forma f (plural forme)

1. form
2. shape
3. mould/mold

Related terms

• formaggio
• formale
• formare
• formula
• in forma

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

forma

1. inflection of formare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin fōrma.

Noun

forma f (plural formes)

1. form
2. shape

Latin

Alternative forms

• fōrm. (abbreviation)

Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps from an Etruscan *morma, from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “shape, fashion, appearance, outward form, contour, figure”), with dissimilation *m-m > *f-m, as seen in formīca (“ant”) and formīdō (“ghost, scarecrow”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfoːr.ma/, [ˈfoːrmä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfor.ma/, [ˈfɔrmä]

Noun

fōrma f (genitive fōrmae); first declension

1. form; figure, shape, appearance

   Synonyms: habitus, faciēs, species, frons

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.71–72:

     “Sunt mihi bis septem praestantī corpore nymphae,
     quārum quae fōrmā pulcherrima Dēiopēa.”

     “I have twice-seven nymphs, [each] with a gorgeous body, of whom [the nymph] who [has] the most beautiful figure [is] Deiopea.”
     (Juno attempts to bribe Aeolus with an arranged marriage. Notes: The dative of possession “sunt mihi” means “they are for me” or simply “I have.” The ablative of quality “praestanti corpore” here is singular despite the plural “nymphae.” The ablative of specification “forma” here means “with respect to appearance.”)

2. fine form; beauty
3. outline, plan, design
4. model, pattern, stamp, mold

   Synonyms: charta, tabula

5. (figurative) manner, kind, sort

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	fōrma	fōrmae
Genitive	fōrmae	fōrmārum
Dative	fōrmae	fōrmīs
Accusative	fōrmam	fōrmās
Ablative	fōrmā	fōrmīs
Vocative	fōrma	fōrmae

Derived terms

• cōnfōrmis
• dēfōrmis
• fōrmāceus
• fōrmālis
• fōrmaster
• fōrmāticum
• fōrmella
• fōrmō
• fōrmōsus
• fōrmula
• īnfōrmis
• prō fōrmā

 

Descendants

• Catalan: forma
• Friulian: forme
• Italian: forma
• Old French: forme
  • Middle French: forme
    • French: forme (see there for further descendants)
  • → Middle English: forme
    • English: form (see there for further descendants)
• Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]
  • Galician: forma
  • Portuguese: forma
• Sardinian: forma
• Sicilian: furma
• Romansch: furma, fuorma
• Spanish: horma
• → Danish: form
  • → Romanian: formă
• → Irish: foirm
• → Old Czech: forma (learned) (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Norse: form
  • Norwegian Bokmål: form
• → Old Polish: forma (learned) (see there for further descendants)
• → Proto-Brythonic: *fʉrβ̃
  • Middle Welsh: ffuruf, ffuryf
    • Welsh: ffurf
  • Old Cornish: furf
• → Spanish: forma
  • → Cebuano: hulma
• → Swedish: form

References

• "forma", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "forma", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• forma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• forma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• "forma" in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "forma" in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[5], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• "forma" in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “forma”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 3: D–F, page 713
• Palmer, L.R. (1906) The Latin Language, London, Faber and Faber

Lithuanian

Alternative forms

• f. (abbreviation)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin forma.

Noun

fòrma f (plural fòrmos) stress pattern 1

1. form

Declension

Declension of fòrma

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	fòrma	fòrmos
genitive (kilmininkas)	fòrmos	fòrmų
dative (naudininkas)	fòrmai	fòrmoms
accusative (galininkas)	fòrmą	fòrmas
instrumental (įnagininkas)	fòrma	fòrmomis
locative (vietininkas)	fòrmoje	fòrmose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	fòrma	fòrmos

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian furma and/or Italian forma, both from Latin forma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔr.ma/

Noun

forma f (plural forom)

1. form, shape

   Synonym: għamla

2. mould

Derived terms

• formali

 

Masurian

Alternative forms

• form

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish forma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔrma/
• Rhymes: -ɔrma
• Syllabification: for‧ma

Noun

forma f (diminutive formkä)

1. form (one of the ways in which something appears; appearance; manifestation)
2. form (type, kind)
3. cast, mold, cake tin (kitchenware used for shaping batter or something similar)
4. fireplace in a forge

Derived terms

verbs

• formowacz impf

 

Further reading

• Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “form, forma”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎^[6], volume 2, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 221

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• formen m (of noun)
• formet (of verb)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

forma f

1. definite feminine singular of form

Verb

forma

1. inflection of forme:
   1. simple past
   2. past participle

Anagrams

• a-form, amorf, omfar

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

forma f

1. definite singular of form

Old Czech

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fōrma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈforma/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈforma/

Noun

forma f

1. form; appearance
2. form; shape
3. former, creator
4. form (state of some event)
5. form, template, pattern
6. form, model
7. mandatory procedure, fixed succession of individual parts
8. (religion) formula (set phrasing)
9. (religion) spiritual essence
10. (philosophy) image in the mind, ideal mental image

Declension

Declension of forma (hard a-stem reducible)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	forma	formě	formy
genitive	formy	formú	forem
dative	formě	formama	formám
accusative	formu	formě	formy
vocative	formo	formě	formy
locative	formě	formú	formách
instrumental	formú	formama	formami

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: forma

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “forma”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old English

Old English numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: ān     Ordinal: forma     Adverbial: ǣne     Age: ānwintre     Multiplier: ānfeald

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *frumô. Cognate with Old Saxon formo and Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfor.mɑ/, [ˈforˠ.mɑ]

Numeral

forma

1. first

Adjective

forma

1. first

Declension

Declension of forma — Weak only

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	forma	forme	forme
Accusative	forman	forman	forme
Genitive	forman	forman	forman
Dative	forman	forman	forman
Instrumental	forman	forman	forman
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	forman	forman	forman
Accusative	forman	forman	forman
Genitive	formra, formena	formra, formena	formra, formena
Dative	formum	formum	formum
Instrumental	formum	formum	formum

Descendants

• Middle English: frome, frume

Old Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fōrma. First attested in the end of the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /fɔrma/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /fɔrma/

Noun

forma f

1. form (external shape)
   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[7], page 198:

     Pokazal szye byl (sc. szatan) ve czlovyeczym vyobrazenyv... Vyerzycz tesch temv mamy, yze byl przyąl czlovyeka formą na szye (credendus est autem diabolus hominis assumpsisse formam), v ktorey by mogl boga vznacz albo szye s nym vmovycz

     [Pokazał sie był (sc. szatan) we człowieczym wyobrażeniu... Wierzyć też temu mamy, iże był przyjął człowieka formę na sie (credendus est autem diabolus hominis assumpsisse formam), w ktorej by mogł Boga uznać albo sie s nim umowić]

   • 1922 [End of the 14th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Początki piśmiennictwa polskiego. (Przegląd zabytków językowych)‎^[8], page 232:

     [S]wyrzchowanego boga laska, gensze... koneczna moc vszmerzil gesc, w forme [...] obynyono gesc. Druga rzecz gesc, isze [...] [obi]nyony wszistki rzeczi w formø sluszeb[ną]

     [[Z]wirzchowanego Boga łaska, jenże... konieczną moc uśmierzył jeść, w formie [...] obiniono jeść. Druga rzecz jeść, iże [...] [obi]niony wszystki rzeczi w formę służeb[ną]]

2. (attested in Masovia) verbal formula (set way of saying something)
   • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 106:

     Vstawyami czlonky nyzey popyssane pot thąn formąn, yako sąn nyzey (articulos statuimus... sub hac forma, quae sequitur)

     [Ustawiamy członki niżej popisane pod tą formą, jako są niżej (articulos statuimus... sub hac forma, quae sequitur)]

Descendants

• Masurian: forma, form
• Polish: forma
  • → Kashubian: fòrma
• Silesian: forma

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “forma”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish forma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔr.ma/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔr.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔrma
• Syllabification: for‧ma

Noun

forma f (diminutive foremka, related adjective formowy)

1. form (one of the ways in which something appears; appearance; manifestation)

   Synonyms: kształt, postać

2. (literary) form (way in which a work is constructed)
3. (literary) form (specific type of works of art perceived due to their external structure or structure and a set of typical artistic means)
4. cast, mold, cake tin (kitchenware used for shaping batter or something similar)

   Synonym: blacha

5. (textiles) pattern (paper or cardboard template from which the parts of a garment are traced onto fabric prior to cutting out and assembling)

   Synonym: wykrój

6. (grammar) form (particular shape or structure of a word or part of speech)
7. (sciences) form (living organisms or products of nature characterized by a set of common features)
8. state, shape (physical or mental conidition)

   Synonyms: kondycja, samopoczucie

9. shape (condition of personal health, especially muscular health)

   Synonym: kondycja

   w formie ― in shape

10. form (arrangement of coordinated elements)

    Synonyms: system, układ

11. mold (hollow form or matrix for shaping a fluid or plastic substance)
12. (philosophy) form (inherent nature of an object; that which the mind itself contributes as the condition of knowing; that in which the essence of a thing consists)
13. (mathematics) uniform polynomial
14. (printing) template (set of printing elements prepared for printing)
15. (obsolete) pretend, act (something done for show)
16. (obsolete) box placed in the focus on a bellows nozzle; opening in a furnace
17. (obsolete, crystallography) form (combination of planes included under a general crystallographic symbol)
18. (obsolete, Roman Catholicism) choirstall

    Synonym: stalle

19. (chiefly in the plural) form (manner of conduct and behavior resulting from social conventions)

    Synonym: etykieta

Declension

Declension of forma

	singular	plural
nominative	forma	formy
genitive	formy	form
dative	formie	formom
accusative	formę	formy
instrumental	formą	formami
locative	formie	formach
vocative	formo	formy

Derived terms

adverbs

• pro forma

 

verbs

• trafić z formą pf, trafiać z formą impf
• wyjść z formy pf, wychodzić z formy impf
• wypaść z formy pf, wypadać z formy impf

 

verbs

• formować impf

 

Descendants

• → Kashubian: fòrma

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), forma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 49 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 71 times in essays, 7 times in fiction, and 5 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 164 times, making it the 349th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• forma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• forma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “forma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “FORMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 15.09.2008
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “forma”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “forma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “forma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 761

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Borrowed (in this set of senses) from Latin fōrma (“form”), probably from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ). See etymology 2 below for the inherited senses.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfɔɦ.mɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfɔɦ.mɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɾ.mɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɻ.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɾ.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma f (plural formas)

2. form; shape (the visible structure of a thing)
4. (geometry) shape; figure (a geometric object)
6. form (a conventional method way of doing something)
8. (grammar) form (each of the possible inflections of a lexeme)
10. (military) formation (alignment of troops)

Synonyms

• (structure or disposition): estrutura, disposição
• (geometrical shape): figura
• (manner): maneira, jeito
• (inflected form): flexão
• (formation): formação

Derived terms

• de certa forma
• de forma alguma
• de forma nenhuma
• de qualquer forma
• em forma
• forma canónica
• forma de vida
• forma normal
• forma-pensamento
• forma-sonata
• formazinha (diminutive)
• forminha (diminutive)
• pública-forma

 

Related terms

• deformar
• formação
• formado
• formal
• formar
• formato
• formoso
• reforma
• reformar

 

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese forma, from Latin fōrma (“form”), ultimately from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ).

Alternative forms

• fôrma

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfoʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfoɦ.mɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfoʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfoɦ.mɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾ.mɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈfoʁ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfoɻ.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾ.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma f (plural formas)

2. tin (metal pan used for baking)
4. mould (hollow object into which a liquid is poured so that it solidifies into a specific shape)
6. (typography) type; sort (block used to print a character)

   Synonym: tipo

Derived terms

• letra de forma

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfɔɦ.mɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/ [ˈfɔɦ.mɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɾ.mɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔʁ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɻ.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈfɔɾ.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Verb

forma

1. inflection of formar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Romanian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French former, Latin formare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [forˈma]

Verb

a forma (third-person singular present formează, past participle format) 1st conj.

1. (transitive) to form, to create, to make
2. (transitive, of elements) to form, to make up

Conjugation

    conjugation of forma (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a forma
gerund			formând
past participle			format
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	formez	formezi	formează	formăm	formați	formează
	imperfect	formam	formai	forma	formam	formați	formau
	simple perfect	formai	formași	formă	formarăm	formarăți	formară
	pluperfect	formasem	formaseși	formase	formaserăm	formaserăți	formaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să formez	să formezi	să formeze	să formăm	să formați	să formeze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		formează			formați
	negative		nu forma			nu formați

Etymology 2

Forms of the above word.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [forˈma]

Verb

forma

1. third-person singular imperfect indicative of forma

Etymology 3

Forms of the noun formă.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈforma]

Noun

forma

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of formă

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fōrma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fôːrma/
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

fȏrma f (Cyrillic spelling фо̑рма)

1. form, shape
2. form, condition
3. formality

Declension

Declension of forma

	singular	plural
nominative	forma	forme
genitive	forme	fȏrmā / fȏrmī
dative	formi	formama
accusative	formu	forme
vocative	formo	forme
locative	formi	formama
instrumental	formom	formama

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish forma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔrma/
• Rhymes: -ɔrma
• Syllabification: for‧ma

Noun

forma f

1. form (one of the ways in which something appears; appearance; manifestation)
   • 2019–2020, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Pōnbōczkowi Świyczka‎^[9], →ISBN, archived from the original on 12 November 2022, page 185:

     Nauka zdŏlnŏ – bydōncŏ wszeôbecnōm abo jedynōm na cołkim świecie formōm edukacyje – stŏwŏ sie niymożebnŏ.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾma/ [ˈfoɾ.ma]
• Rhymes: -oɾma
• Syllabification: for‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin fōrma, from Ancient Greek μόρφα (mórpha); see Latin entry. Compare the inherited doublet horma.

Noun

forma f (plural formas)

1. shape; form; figure
2. way; manner

   ¡Tiene que haber otra forma!

   There has to be another way!

3. basis; method

   Synonyms: base, método

Derived terms

• abrir la forma
• cobrar forma
• de cualquier forma
• de forma
• de forma que
• de ninguna forma
• de todas formas
• defecto de forma
• en debida forma
• en forma
• en tiempo y forma
• en toda forma
• forma de vida
• forma del sacramento
• forma no personal
• forma personal
• quebrantamiento de forma

 

Related terms

• formal
• formar

 

Etymology 2

Verb

forma

1. inflection of formar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “forma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Etymology

form +‎ -a

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

forma (present formar, preterite formade, supine format, imperative forma)

1. to shape, give form

Conjugation

Conjugation of forma (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	forma		formas
Supine	format		formats
Imperative	forma		—
Imper. plural1	formen		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	formar	formade	formas	formades
Ind. plural1	forma	formade	formas	formades
Subjunctive2	forme	formade	formes	formades
	Participles
Present participle	formande
Past participle	formad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

• formare
• formning
• utforma

Further reading

• forma in Svensk ordbok.

Anagrams

• amorf

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فورمه (forma, “a compositor's form”), from Italian forma or French format.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /foɾˈma/
• Hyphenation: for‧ma

Noun

forma (definite accusative formayı, plural formalar)

1. form, shape

   Synonyms: biçim, şekil

2. Matching clothes worn to indicate affiliation to a group; uniform, jersey, livery.

   Synonym: üniforma

3. (printing) A 16-page section of a book printed on a single sheet of paper; a signature.

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	forma
Definite accusative	formayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	forma	formalar
Definite accusative	formayı	formaları
Dative	formaya	formalara
Locative	formada	formalarda
Ablative	formadan	formalardan
Genitive	formanın	formaların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular formam formalarım 2nd singular forman formaların 3rd singular forması formaları 1st plural formamız formalarımız 2nd plural formanız formalarınız 3rd plural formaları formaları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular formamı formalarımı 2nd singular formanı formalarını 3rd singular formasını formalarını 1st plural formamızı formalarımızı 2nd plural formanızı formalarınızı 3rd plural formalarını formalarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular formama formalarıma 2nd singular formana formalarına 3rd singular formasına formalarına 1st plural formamıza formalarımıza 2nd plural formanıza formalarınıza 3rd plural formalarına formalarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular formamda formalarımda 2nd singular formanda formalarında 3rd singular formasında formalarında 1st plural formamızda formalarımızda 2nd plural formanızda formalarınızda 3rd plural formalarında formalarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular formamdan formalarımdan 2nd singular formandan formalarından 3rd singular formasından formalarından 1st plural formamızdan formalarımızdan 2nd plural formanızdan formalarınızdan 3rd plural formalarından formalarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular formamın formalarımın 2nd singular formanın formalarının 3rd singular formasının formalarının 1st plural formamızın formalarımızın 2nd plural formanızın formalarınızın 3rd plural formalarının formalarının

Derived terms

• forma başlık

 

Related terms

• kostüm
• takım

 

Further reading

• “forma”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “forma”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1608