肆

See also: 四, 䦉, and 亖

肆 U+8086, 肆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8086 ← 肅 [U+8085] CJK Unified Ideographs 肇 → [U+8087]

Translingual

Han character

肆 (radical 129, 聿+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸戈中手 (SILQ), four-corner 7570₇, composition ⿰镸聿)

Derived characters

• 蕼

References

• KangXi: page 971, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29226
• Dae Jaweon: page 1423, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3167, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8086

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		肆
alternative forms		𨽸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
曃	*l̥ʰɯːds
埭	*l'ɯːds
逮	*l'ɯːds, *l'ɯːds
靆	*l'ɯːds
齂	*hmrɯːds, *hmrɯds, *mrɯːd
棣	*l'ɯːds
隸	*rɯːds
肆	*hljɯds
蕼	*hljɯds
肂	*hljɯds
殔	*lɯds
隶	*lɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljɯds): semantic 镸 + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sì (si⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si³, sei³
• Min Nan (POJ): sìr / sù / sì

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: sì
    • Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ssŭ4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: si³, sei³
    • Yale: si, sei
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si³, sei³
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi³, séi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː³³/, /sei̯³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
    • Tâi-lô: sìr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
    • Tâi-lô: sù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sux
    • IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
    • Tâi-lô: sì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: six
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕi²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /siɪ^H/

Rime
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息利切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/siH/
Shao Rongfen	/sjɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siH/
Li Rong	/siH/
Wang Li	/siH/
Bernard Karlgren	/siH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sì

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ləp-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sì
Middle Chinese	‹ sijH ›
Old Chinese	/*s-ləp-s/
English	unrestrained
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肆
Reading #	1/1
No.	7961
Phonetic component	隶
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	四
Old Chinese	/*hljɯds/
Notes	說文右從隸聲， 漢碑隸變爲此

Definitions

肆

1. impudent; undisciplined
2. shop; store; stall

   Synonym: 店鋪／店铺 (diànpù)

   • 屠羊說曰：「夫三旌之位，吾知其貴於屠羊之肆也；萬鍾之祿，吾知其富於屠羊之利也。然豈可以食爵祿而使吾君有妄施之名乎！說不敢當，願復反吾屠羊之肆。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     屠羊说曰：“夫三旌之位，吾知其贵于屠羊之肆也；万钟之禄，吾知其富于屠羊之利也。然岂可以食爵禄而使吾君有妄施之名乎！说不敢当，愿复反吾屠羊之肆。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Tú yáng Yuè yuē: “Fú sān jīng zhī wèi, wú zhī qí guì yú tú yáng zhī sì yě; wàn zhōng zhī lù, wú zhī qí fù yú tú yáng zhī lì yě. Rán qǐ kě yǐ shí jué lù ér shǐ wú jūn yǒu wàng shī zhī míng hū! Yuè bùgǎn dāng, yuàn fù fǎn wú tú yáng zhī sì.” [Pinyin]

     he said, 'I know that the place of such a distinguished noble is nobler than a sheep-butcher's stall, and that the salary of 10,000 zhong is more than its profits. But how should I, through my greed of rank and emolument, bring on our ruler the name of an unlawful dispensation of his gifts? I dare not respond to your wishes, but desire to return to my stall as the sheep-butcher.'

3. (financial) alternative form of 四 (“four”) (used in official documents or checks to avoid forgery)

Compounds

• 凶肆
• 列肆
• 大肆 (dàsì)
• 大肆厥辭／大肆厥辞
• 大肆吹噓／大肆吹嘘
• 大肆咆哮
• 大肆抨擊／大肆抨击
• 大肆搜捕
• 寶肆／宝肆
• 市肆
• 店肆 (diànsì)
• 廛肆
• 恣肆 (zìsì)
• 恣肆無忌／恣肆无忌
• 放肆 (fàngsì)
• 放肆荒唐
• 放肆話／放肆话

• 构肆
• 枯魚之肆／枯鱼之肆
• 求馬唐肆／求马唐肆
• 汪洋自肆
• 汪洋閎肆／汪洋闳肆
• 肆刑
• 肆力
• 肆口
• 肆奢
• 肆奸植黨／肆奸植党
• 肆廛
• 肆志
• 肆意 (sìyì)
• 肆意妄為／肆意妄为
• 肆應／肆应
• 肆掠
• 肆無忌憚／肆无忌惮 (sìwújìdàn)

• 肆然
• 肆目
• 肆虐 (sìnüè)
• 肆行 (sìxíng)
• 肆行無忌／肆行无忌
• 肆言無忌／肆言无忌
• 肆言詈辱
• 肆赦
• 茶肆 (chásì)
• 衢肆
• 豺虎肆虐
• 踞肆
• 酒肆
• 閎中肆外／闳中肆外
• 鮑肆／鲍肆
• 鮑魚之肆／鲍鱼之肆

References

• “肆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

See also

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	102	103	104	108	1012
Normal (小寫／小写)	〇	一	二	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬／万	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫／大写)	零	壹	貳／贰	參／叁	肆	伍	陸／陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟

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Japanese

Kanji

肆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. The number four.
2. A shop or store.
3. Selfish; self-indulgent.

Readings

• On (unclassified): し (shi)
• Kun: みせ (mise); ほしいまま (hoshīmama)

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Korean

Hanja

肆 (eum 사 (sa))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

肆: Hán Nôm readings: tứ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.