清音
Chinese edit
clear; distinct; complete clear; distinct; complete; pure |
sound; noise; news | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (清音) | 清 | 音 | |
| simp. #(清音) | 清 | 音 | |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
清音
Antonyms edit
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 清 | 音 |
| せい Grade: 4 |
おん Grade: 1 |
| kan’on | goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 淸音 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology edit
Literary Chinese 清音 (qīngyīn, literally “clear sound”)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (traditional Chinese phonology) a voiceless and unaspirated onset obstruent, including the glottal stop
- (traditional Japanese phonology) any mora listed on the 五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “chart of the fifty sounds”), without a voiced onset obstruent or /p/
- 1897 March, “〇濁音 [〇Muddy Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會:
- 五十音中、加・佐・多・波の四行に、濁れる音あり。淸音文字の肩に、゛點を附して、その標とせり。
- Gojūonchū, ka sa ta ha no shigyō ni, nigoreru on ari. Seion moji no kata ni, ゛ ten o fushite, sono shirushi to seri.
- Among the fifty sounds, those of the ka, sa, ta and ha-rows can be muddied up. They are written by attaching the dots ゛ on the shoulders of the letters for the clear sounds.
- 1897 March, “〇半濁音 [〇Semi-Muddy Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會:
- 五十音中、波行に、半濁の音あり。淸音文字の肩に゜點を附して、その標とせり。
- Gojūonchū, hagyō ni, handaku no on ari. Seion moji no kata ni, ゜ ten o fushite, sono shirushi to seri.
- Among the fifty sounds, those of the ha-row can be partially muddied up. They are written by attaching the dot ゜ on the shoulders of the letters for the clear sounds.
- 1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十九章 淸音濁音半濁音 [Chapter 19: Clear Sounds, Muddy Sounds and Semi-Muddy Sounds]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, page 152:
- 濁音がある故に、之に對して淸音をも作らねばならず、半濁音（次淸音）と云ふものもあることになる。
ぱ ぴ ぷ ぺ ぽ
の一行五音の半濁音（一名次淸音）として、アカサタナハマヤラワ十行五十音が淸音と云はれて居る。- Dakuon ga aru yue ni, kore ni taishite seion o mo tsukarane ba narazu, handakuon (jiseion) to iu mono mo aru koto ni naru.
pa pi pu pe po
no ichigyō goon no handakuon (ichimei jiseion) to shite, a ka sa ta na ha ma ya ra wa jūgyō gojūon ga seion to iwarete iru. - Since there are muddy sounds, it follows that there must also be the opposite, ‘clear sounds’, and additionally what are known as ‘semi-muddy sounds’ (‘quasi-clear sounds’). These five sounds, arranged in one row, are known as ‘semi-muddy sounds’ (i.e. ‘quasi-clear sounds’):
pa pi pu pe po
Then, the fifty sounds arranged in ten rows, a, ka, sa, ta, na, ha, ma, ya, ra and wa, are called ‘clear sounds’.
- Dakuon ga aru yue ni, kore ni taishite seion o mo tsukarane ba narazu, handakuon (jiseion) to iu mono mo aru koto ni naru.
| あ | い | う | え | お |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| あ | い | う | え | お |
| か | き | く | け | こ |
| さ | し | す | せ | そ |
| た | ち | つ | て | と |
| な | に | ぬ | ね | の |
| は | ひ | ふ | へ | ほ |
| ま | み | む | め | も |
| や | ゆ | よ | ||
| ら | り | る | れ | ろ |
| わ | ゐ | ゑ | を |
Usage notes edit
- 清音 (seion) include the five 母音 (boon) of the あ行 (agyō, “a-row”) and the forty-three 子音 (shion) of the other rows, but not 濁音 (dakuon) or 半濁音 (handakuon).
- 熟音 (jukuon) include the forty-three 子音 (shion), 濁音 (dakuon) and 半濁音 (handakuon), but not 母音 (boon).