幫

See also: 帮 and 幇

幫	U+5E6B, 幫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E6B

← 幪
[U+5E6A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

幬 →
[U+5E6C]

TranslingualEdit

Traditional	幫
Shinjitai	幇
Simplified	帮

Han characterEdit

幫 (radical 50, 巾+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 土戈竹日月 (GIHAB), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱封帛)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 337, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9125
Dae Jaweon: page 644, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 756, character 15
Unihan data for U+5E6B

ChineseEdit

trad.		幫
simp.		帮
alternative forms		幇幚邦 second round simplified

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (封) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
幫	*paːŋ
鞤	*paːŋ
封	poŋ, poŋs
葑	poŋ, poŋs
犎	*poŋ
崶	*poŋ
湗	*poŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *paːŋ): phonetic 封 (OC *poŋ, *poŋs) + semantic 帛 (“silk”) – the upper part of a shoe (鞋幫).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bāng (bang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄤ

(Chengdu, SP): bang¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic): бон (bon, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): bong¹
Gan (Wiktionary): bong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pông

(Meixian, Guangdong): bong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): bon¹
Min Bei (KCR): bó̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): bŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pang / pong / png

(Teochew, Peng'im): bang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): paan (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ban¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤ
  - Wade–Giles: pang¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bang
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: бон (bon, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bong¹
  - Yale: bōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːŋ⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: bong¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pông
  - Hakka Romanization System: bong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /poŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bon¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pouŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pang
  - Tâi-lô: pang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pafng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /paŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /paŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pong
  - Tâi-lô: pong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pofng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: png
  - Tâi-lô: png
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pŋ̍⁴⁴/

Note:

pang, pong - literary;
png - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pang
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ³³/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: paan (T1)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑ̃⁵³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ban¹
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan³³/

Middle Chinese: /pɑŋ/

Rime
Character	幫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	博旁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paŋ/
Li Rong	/pɑŋ/
Wang Li	/pɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bāng

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*paːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幫
Reading #	1/1
No.	3251
Phonetic component	封
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	幫
Old Chinese	/*paːŋ/
Notes	段玉裁雲源自䋽

DefinitionsEdit

幫

group; gang
福建幫 / 福建帮 [Cantonese] ― fuk¹ gin³ bong¹ [Jyutping] ― Fujian gang
to help; to assist; to aid
(～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 幫 (MC pɑŋ)
(Min Nan) Classifier for scheduled forms of transportation, such as flights and trains.
Synonym: 班 (bān)

SynonymsEdit

edit

Synonyms of 幫

𢯭手 (Hakka)
佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
使勁／使劲 (shǐjìn)
助力 (zhùlì)
助理 (zhùlǐ)
助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
協助／协助 (xiézhù)
增援 (zēngyuán) (to provide reinforcements)
幫助／帮助 (bāngzhù)
幫同／帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
幫寸／帮寸 (bāngcùn)
幫忙／帮忙 (bāngmáng)

幫手 (Cantonese)
幫扶／帮扶 (bāngfú)
幫襯／帮衬 (bāngchèn)
幫贈／帮赠 (Min Nan)
扶助 (fúzhù)
扶持 (fúchí)
拉巴 (lāba) (dialectal)
援助 (yuánzhù)
支持 (zhīchí)
支援 (zhīyuán)
救 (jiù)
相幫／相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
聲援／声援 (shēngyuán) (to express support for)

臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
補益／补益 (bǔyì)
補臺／补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
贈力／赠力 (Min Nan)
贈助／赠助 (Min Nan)
贈手／赠手 (Min Nan)
贊喙／赞喙 (Min Nan, to express support for)
贊聲／赞声 (Min Nan, to express support for)
輔助／辅助 (fǔzhù)
陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
鬥相共／斗相共 (Min Nan)
鬥跤手／斗跤手 (Min Nan)
鬥跤搭／斗跤搭 (Min Nan)

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 幫

幫套／帮套 (bāngtào)
幫子／帮子 (bāngzi)
幫寸／帮寸 (bāngcùn)
幫工／帮工 (bānggōng)
幫帖／帮帖
幫廚／帮厨 (bāngchú)
幫忙／帮忙 (bāngmáng)
幫懶鑽閑／帮懒钻闲
幫手／帮手 (bāngshǒu)
幫教／帮教
幫會／帮会 (bānghuì)
幫派／帮派 (bāngpài)
幫浦／帮浦 (bāngpǔ)
幫湊／帮凑
幫狗吃食／帮狗吃食
幫班／帮班
幫腔／帮腔 (bāngqiāng)
幫興／帮兴
幫虎吃食／帮虎吃食
幫補／帮补 (bāngbǔ)
幫襯／帮衬 (bāngchèn)
幫貧／帮贫
幫辦／帮办 (bāngbàn)
幫門戶／帮门户
幫閑／帮闲

ReferencesEdit

“幫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Entry #12170”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

幫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 幇)

Kyūjitai form of 幇

ReadingsEdit

On (unclassified): ほう (hō)
Kun: たすける (tasukeru)

Usage notesEdit

This character form is rarely used in Japan. See 幇 instead.

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

幫 (eumhun 도울 방 (doul bang))

Hanja form^? of 방 (“help”).

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

幫: Hán Nôm readings: bang

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