鬆

See also: 松

鬆	U+9B06, 鬆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B06

← 鬅
[U+9B05]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鬇 →
[U+9B07]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

鬆 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+8, 18 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹木金戈 (SHDCI), four-corner 7293₂, composition ⿱髟松)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1455, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45484
Dae Jaweon: page 1986, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4527, character 9
Unihan data for U+9B06

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (公) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
慃	*qroːŋʔ
袞	*kluːnʔ
蔉	*kluːnʔ
滾	*kluːnʔ
忩	*sʰloːŋ
鬆	sqʰloːŋs, sqʰluːŋ, skʰloŋ, sqʰloŋ
凇	sqʰloːŋs, sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ
公	*kloːŋ
蚣	kloːŋ, kljoŋ
翁	*qloːŋ
螉	*qloːŋ
蓊	qloːŋ, qloːŋʔ
嗡	*qloːŋ
滃	*qloːŋʔ
暡	*qloːŋʔ
勜	*qloːŋʔ
塕	*qloːŋʔ
瓮	*qloːŋs
崧	*sqʰluŋ
菘	*sqʰluŋ
硹	*sqʰluŋ
淞	sqʰloŋ, sɢloŋ
蜙	*sqʰloŋ
倯	*sqʰloŋ
松	*sɢloŋ
訟	sɢloŋ, sɢloŋs
頌	sɢloŋs, loŋ
忪	*kljoŋ
彸	*kljoŋ
衳	*kljoŋ
伀	*kljoŋ
妐	*kljoŋ
炂	*kljoŋ
鈆	kljoŋ, lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ): semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ).

Etymology 1Edit

trad.		鬆
simp.		松^*

Pronunciation 1Edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): sōng (song¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥ

(Chengdu, SP): song¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): sung¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sûng

(Meixian, Guangdong): sung¹
Min Bei (KCR): só̤ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sang / song

(Teochew, Peng'im): sang¹ / song¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: song
  - Wade–Giles: sung¹
  - Yale: sūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: song
  - Palladius: сун (sun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: song¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /soŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sung¹
  - Yale: sūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: sung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /suŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sʊŋ⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: só̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sang / song
  - Tâi-lô: sang / song
  - Phofsit Daibuun: safng, sofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /saŋ³³/, /sɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

sang - vernacular;
song - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sang¹ / song¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sang / song
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /saŋ³³/, /soŋ³³/

Note:

sang1 - vernacular;
song1 - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鬆
Mandarin	Beijing	/suŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/suŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/suŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/səŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/suŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/suŋ²¹/
	Xining	/suə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/sũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/soŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/soŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/səŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/suəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/suŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/sũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/soŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/soŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/soŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/sʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/san¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/soŋ³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/sən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/suŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/suŋ⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/suŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/soŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬuŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/suŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sɔŋ⁵⁵/ /saŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/søyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/soŋ³³/ /saŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/soŋ²³/ /taŋ²³/ /saŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: /suoŋ/, /sɨoŋ/, /t͡sʰɨoŋ/

Rime
Character	鬆	鬆	鬆
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	私宗切	息恭切	七恭切
Baxter	sowng	sjowng	tshjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suoŋ/	/sɨoŋ/	/t͡sʰɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/suoŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/soŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sawŋ/	/suawŋ/	/t͡sʰuawŋ/
Li Rong	/soŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Wang Li	/suoŋ/	/sĭwoŋ/	/t͡sʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/suoŋ/	/si̯woŋ/	/t͡sʰi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sōng	sōng	cōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung¹	sung¹	cung¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sqʰluːŋ/, /*skʰloŋ/, /*sqʰloŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬆	鬆	鬆
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	4104	4108	4111
Phonetic component	公	公	公
Rime group	終	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	鬆	樅	蜙
Old Chinese	/*sqʰluːŋ/	/*skʰloŋ/	/*sqʰloŋ/

DefinitionsEdit

鬆

^† (of hair) disheveled; unkempt
loose (not fixed in place tightly)
loose; relaxed
to loosen; to relax
useless
dried minced meat
(Cantonese) to leave
鬆人／松人 [Cantonese] ― sung¹ jan⁴ [Jyutping] ― to leave
(Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 鬆章／松章.
Antonym: 誅／诛

CompoundsEdit

鬆寬／松宽
鬆弛／松弛 (sōngchí)
鬆快／松快 (sōngkuai)
鬆懈／松懈 (sōngxiè)
鬆手／松手 (sōngshǒu)
鬆散／松散 (sōngsǎn)
鬆氣／松气 (sōngqì)
鬆綁／松绑
鬆緊帶／松紧带 (sōngjǐndài)
鬆脆／松脆 (sōngcuì)
鬆脫／松脱
鬆蛋包／松蛋包
鬆軟／松软 (sōngruǎn)
鬆開／松开 (sōngkāi)
魚鬆／鱼松 (yúsōng)

Pronunciation 2Edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sòng (song⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sòng
  - Wade–Giles: sung⁴
  - Yale: sùng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sonq
  - Palladius: сун (sun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /suŋH/

Rime
Character	鬆
Reading #	4/4
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇弄切
Baxter	suwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/suŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/suŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/suŋ^H/
Wang Li	/suŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/suŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sqʰloːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬆
Reading #	1/4
No.	4090
Phonetic component	公
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	送
Old Chinese	/*sqʰloːŋs/

DefinitionsEdit

鬆

Only used in 𩭩鬆.

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 鬆 – see 㞞 (“semen; weak; useless”). (This character, 鬆, is a variant form of 㞞.)

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

鬆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: しゅ (shu); そう (sō)
Kan-on: しょう (shō); そう (sō)
Kun: す (su, 鬆)

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

鬆: Hán Nôm readings: tông

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.