uma

See also: Appendix:Variations of "uma"

Languages (33)

Afar • Aklanon • Aymara • Balinese • Bikol Central • Cebuano • Drehu • Fijian • Garifuna • Hiri Motu • Indonesian • Iraqw • Japanese • Kapampangan • Karaim • Kikuyu • Malay • Maori • Masbatenyo • Portuguese • Quechua • Sranan Tongo • Swahili • Swazi • Tagalog • Tarifit • Tausug • Tetum • Tongan • Waray-Waray • Western Bukidnon Manobo • Yakan • Zulu

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Page categories

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /uˈma/ [ʔʊˈmʌ]
• Hyphenation: u‧ma

Verb

umá

1. (stative) to be bad

Conjugation

Conjugation of uma (type III verb)
		1st singular	2nd singular	3rd singular		1st plural	2nd plural	3rd plural
				m	f
present indicative I	V-affirmative	umiyóh	umitóh	umáh	umáh	uminóh	umitoonúh	umoonúh
	N-affirmative	umiyó	umitó	umá	umá	uminó	umitón	umón
	negative	múmiyo	múmito	múma	múma	múmino	múmiton	múmon
present indicative II		affirmative present indicative I + imperfective of én
past indicative I		úmuk + perfective of én
past indicative II		úmuk + perfective of sugé
present potential	affirmative	umiyóm takkéh	umitóm takkéh	umám takkéh	umám takkéh	uminóm takkéh	umitoonúm takkéh	umoonúm takkéh
past conditional	affirmative	úmuk + past conditional of sugé
		-h converb	-k converb	-in(n)uh converb	infinitive
		úmih	úmuk	umínnuh	umíyya

Antonyms

• meqé (“be good”)

References

• E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “uma”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Aklanon

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

1. farm

Aymara

Noun

uma

1. water

Verb

uma

1. to drink

   umtwa ― I drink

References

• David Forbes, On the Aymara Indians of Bolivia and Peru (1870)
• Dennis William Stuart Selder, Toward a Sound Methodology for Comparative Rhetoric (2007)

Balinese

Romanization

uma

1. Romanization of ᬳᬸᬫ (“sawah”)
2. Romanization of ᬉᬫ (“the eight day in astawara”)

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔuˈma/ [ʔuˈma]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: u‧ma

Noun

umá (Basahan spelling ᜂᜋ)

1. farm; field

   Maduman ka sa uma sa aga?

   Are you going to the farm tomorrow?

Derived terms

• kaumahan
• mag-uma
• pag-uma
• parauma
• umahon

See also

• badang
• lantad

Cebuano

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔuma/ [ˈʔu.mɐ]
• Hyphenation: u‧ma

Noun

uma (Badlit spelling ᜂᜋ)

1. farm; a piece of land where crops or animals are raised

   Synonyms: baol, banika

Derived terms

• kaumahan
• kaumhan
• mag-uuma
• panguma
• umahan
• umahon
• umhan

Drehu

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ʀumaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /umɑ/

Noun

uma

1. house

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

Fijian

Noun

uma

1. trunk (of a tree)
2. lead (metal)

Garifuna

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuma/

Postposition

uma

1. with

   Nabinaha tuma María. ― I'm going to dance with Mary.

Conjunction

uma

1. and

   Baruru tuma faluma ― Platains and coconuts

Inflection

Postposition uma

	singular		plural
first	numa		wuma
second	buma		huma
third	masculine	feminine	huma
	luma	tuma

Hiri Motu

Noun

uma

1. garden

Indonesian

Noun

uma (plural uma-uma)

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of huma

Iraqw

Noun

uma m (plural um'ee)

1. name

Japanese

Romanization

uma

1. Rōmaji transcription of うま
2. Rōmaji transcription of ウマ

Kapampangan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊˈma/ [ʊˈmäː]
• Hyphenation: u‧ma

Noun

umá

1. kiss on the mouth

   Synonyms: besu, ayik, uman

Karaim

Etymology

From Mongolic (Mongolian овог (ovog, “clan”), Yakut омук (omuk)); compare Southern Altai омок (omok, “people, nation”), Chagatai [script needed] (omak, “family”).

Noun

uma

1. people

References

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 361

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /uma/

Verb

uma (infinitive kuuma)

1. to go out, come out

   Antonym: gũtonya

Derived terms

(Proverbs)

• mũrimũ ndũrĩ hinya ũgĩtonya mwĩrĩ ta ũkiuma
• ngemi ciumaga na mũciĩ
• ngemi ciumaga ndĩrĩ-inĩ
• nyũmba na riika itiumagwo
• wega uumaga na mũciĩ

Related terms

(Verbs)

• kuumagara

References

• Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

Malay

Noun

uma

1. (Sanggau) mother

Maori

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ʀuma (compare with Tongan uma, Samoan uma and Fijian uma) from *ʀumaq “house” ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq (compare with Javanese omah, Malay rumah both “house”) – semantic evolution of Proto-Oceanic root from comparison of the human chest held by ribcage with the house and its frame during the Lapita period.

Noun

uma

1. chest

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917) “uma”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 547
• “uma” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Masbatenyo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

1. farm

Derived terms

• parauma

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• ũa (archaic, Trás-os-Montes, Minho)
• hua, hũa, huma (obsolete)
• 1 (numeral)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũa, from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ũ.ɐ/

• Hyphenation: u‧ma

Numeral

uma

2. feminine of um

   Eu peguei uma laranja, enquanto ele pegou cinco.

   I took one orange, while he took five.

   • 2000, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Câmara Secreta [Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets] (Harry Potter; 2), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 217:

     Quando tiver uma dúvida, vá à biblioteca.

     When you are in doubt, go to the library.

   • 2001, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 555:

     Harry passou por uma provação terrível esta noite.

     Harry underwent a terrible ordeal tonight.

   • 2007, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 274:

     A varinha soltou uma faisquinha e se apagou.

     The wand let out a little spark and extinguished itself.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

Article

uma

2. feminine singular of um

   Uma mulher não pode ser tratada dessa forma.

   A woman can’t be treated this way.

   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:

     Ele agora tem uma casa nas montanhas, foi Dumbledore que arranjou, uma bela caverna.

     He now has a home in the mountains, Dumbledore is who provided it, a beautiful cave.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

Derived terms

• dar uma de
• umas e outras

Pronoun

uma

2. feminine of um

See also

Portuguese articles

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
definite article (the)	o	a	os	as
indefinite article (a, an; some)	um	uma	uns	umas

Quechua

Adjective

uma

1. elevated

Noun

uma

1. head, top
2. capital, principal
3. leader, guide
4. rounded hill

Declension

Declension of uma

	singular	plural
nominative	uma	umakuna
accusative	umata	umakunata
dative	umaman	umakunaman
genitive	umap	umakunap
locative	umapi	umakunapi
terminative	umakama	umakunakama
ablative	umamanta	umakunamanta
instrumental	umawan	umakunawan
comitative	umantin	umakunantin
abessive	umannaq	umakunannaq
comparative	umahina	umakunahina
causative	umarayku	umakunarayku
benefactive	umapaq	umakunapaq
associative	umapura	umakunapura
distributive	umanka	umakunanka
exclusive	umalla	umakunalla

Possessive forms of uma

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative umay umaykuna accusative umayta umaykunata dative umayman umaykunaman genitive umaypa umaykunap locative umaypi umaykunapi terminative umaykama umaykunakama ablative umaymanta umaykunamanta instrumental umaywan umaykunawan comitative umaynintin umaykunantin abessive umayninnaq umaykunannaq comparative umayhina umaykunahina causative umayrayku umaykunarayku benefactive umaypaq umaykunapaq associative umaypura umaykunapura distributive umayninka umaykunanka exclusive umaylla umaykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative umayki umaykikuna accusative umaykita umaykikunata dative umaykiman umaykikunaman genitive umaykipa umaykikunap locative umaykipi umaykikunapi terminative umaykikama umaykikunakama ablative umaykimanta umaykikunamanta instrumental umaykiwan umaykikunawan comitative umaykintin umaykikunantin abessive umaykinnaq umaykikunannaq comparative umaykihina umaykikunahina causative umaykirayku umaykikunarayku benefactive umaykipaq umaykikunapaq associative umaykipura umaykikunapura distributive umaykinka umaykikunanka exclusive umaykilla umaykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative uman umankuna accusative umanta umankunata dative umanman umankunaman genitive umanpa umankunap locative umanpi umankunapi terminative umankama umankunakama ablative umanmanta umankunamanta instrumental umanwan umankunawan comitative umanintin umankunantin abessive umanninnaq umankunannaq comparative umanhina umankunahina causative umanrayku umankunarayku benefactive umanpaq umankunapaq associative umanpura umankunapura distributive umaninka umankunanka exclusive umanlla umankunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative umanchik umanchikkuna accusative umanchikta umanchikkunata dative umanchikman umanchikkunaman genitive umanchikpa umanchikkunap locative umanchikpi umanchikkunapi terminative umanchikkama umanchikkunakama ablative umanchikmanta umanchikkunamanta instrumental umanchikwan umanchikkunawan comitative umanchiknintin umanchikkunantin abessive umanchikninnaq umanchikkunannaq comparative umanchikhina umanchikkunahina causative umanchikrayku umanchikkunarayku benefactive umanchikpaq umanchikkunapaq associative umanchikpura umanchikkunapura distributive umanchikninka umanchikkunanka exclusive umanchiklla umanchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative umayku umaykukuna accusative umaykuta umaykukunata dative umaykuman umaykukunaman genitive umaykupa umaykukunap locative umaykupi umaykukunapi terminative umaykukama umaykukunakama ablative umaykumanta umaykukunamanta instrumental umaykuwan umaykukunawan comitative umaykuntin umaykukunantin abessive umaykunnaq umaykukunannaq comparative umaykuhina umaykukunahina causative umaykurayku umaykukunarayku benefactive umaykupaq umaykukunapaq associative umaykupura umaykukunapura distributive umaykunka umaykukunanka exclusive umaykulla umaykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative umaykichik umaykichikkuna accusative umaykichikta umaykichikkunata dative umaykichikman umaykichikkunaman genitive umaykichikpa umaykichikkunap locative umaykichikpi umaykichikkunapi terminative umaykichikkama umaykichikkunakama ablative umaykichikmanta umaykichikkunamanta instrumental umaykichikwan umaykichikkunawan comitative umaykichiknintin umaykichikkunantin abessive umaykichikninnaq umaykichikkunannaq comparative umaykichikhina umaykichikkunahina causative umaykichikrayku umaykichikkunarayku benefactive umaykichikpaq umaykichikkunapaq associative umaykichikpura umaykichikkunapura distributive umaykichikninka umaykichikkunanka exclusive umaykichiklla umaykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative umanku umankukuna accusative umankuta umankukunata dative umankuman umankukunaman genitive umankupa umankukunap locative umankupi umankukunapi terminative umankukama umankukunakama ablative umankumanta umankukunamanta instrumental umankuwan umankukunawan comitative umankuntin umankukunantin abessive umankunnaq umankukunannaq comparative umankuhina umankukunahina causative umankurayku umankukunarayku benefactive umankupaq umankukunapaq associative umankupura umankukunapura distributive umankunka umankukunanka exclusive umankulla umankukunalla

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

• oema (superseded)

Etymology

From English woman. Compare Antigua and Barbuda Creole English uman, Aukan uman and Krio uman.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈu.ma/

Noun

uma

1. woman

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Kikuyu uma.

Noun

uma class XI (plural nyuma class X)

1. fork

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

Verb

-uma (infinitive kuuma)

1. to bite (to cut off a piece by clamping the teeth)
2. to ache or hurt

Conjugation

Conjugation of -uma
Positive present -nauma Subjunctive -ume Negative -umi Imperative singular uma
Infinitives
Positive kuuma Negative kutouma
Imperatives
Singular uma Plural umeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huuma Positive past positive subject concord + -liuma Negative past negative subject concord + -kuuma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nauma) Singular Plural 1st person ninauma/nauma tunauma 2nd person unauma mnauma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anauma wanauma other classes positive subject concord + -nauma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -umi) Singular Plural 1st person siumi hatuumi 2nd person huumi hamuumi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) haumi hawaumi other classes negative subject concord + -umi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tauma Negative future negative subject concord + -tauma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ume) Singular Plural 1st person niume tuume 2nd person uume muume 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aume waume other classes positive subject concord + -ume
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siume Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeuma Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeuma Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliuma Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliuma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -auma) Singular Plural 1st person nauma twauma 2nd person wauma mwauma 3rd person m-wa(I/II) auma wauma m-mi(III/IV) wauma yauma ji-ma(V/VI) lauma yauma ki-vi(VII/VIII) chauma vyauma n(IX/X) yauma zauma u(XI) wauma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwauma pa(XVI) pauma mu(XVIII) mwauma
Perfect positive subject concord + -meuma "Already" positive subject concord + -meshauma "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jauma "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiuma "If not" positive subject concord + -sipouma Consecutive kauma / positive subject concord + -kauma Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaume
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niuma -tuuma 2nd person -kuuma -wauma/-kuumeni/-waumeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -muuma -wauma m-mi(III/IV) -uuma -iuma ji-ma(V/VI) -liuma -yauma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiuma -viuma n(IX/X) -iuma -ziuma u(XI) -uuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuuma pa(XVI) -pauma mu(XVIII) -muuma Reflexive -jiuma
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -uma- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -umaye -umao m-mi(III/IV) -umao -umayo ji-ma(V/VI) -umalo -umayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -umacho -umavyo n(IX/X) -umayo -umazo u(XI) -umao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -umako pa(XVI) -umapo mu(XVIII) -umamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -uma) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeuma -ouma m-mi(III/IV) -ouma -youma ji-ma(V/VI) -louma -youma ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chouma -vyouma n(IX/X) -youma -zouma u(XI) -ouma see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kouma pa(XVI) -pouma mu(XVIII) -mouma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -umia
  • Causative: -umiza
  • Passive: -umwa (“to be in pain, to ache”)
  • Reciprocal: -umana
  • Stative: -umika

Swazi

Conjunction

úma

1. when
2. if

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔuma/ [ˈʔuː.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: u‧ma

Noun

uma (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

1. encasement end-to-end

   Synonym: pagkakauma

Derived terms

• pagkakauma

See also

• hugpong
• sugpong

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔumaʔ/ [ˈʔuː.mɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -umaʔ
• Syllabification: u‧ma

Noun

umà (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

1. kiss on the mouth

   Synonyms: beso, halik, umaum

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔuˈma/ [ʔʊˈma]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: u‧ma

Noun

umá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)

1. surfeit of sleep or monotony

   Synonyms: pagkauma, sawa, suya

Derived terms

• pagkauma

See also

• alibadbad
• ibay
• lango
• lasing
• sunok
• tusing
• umay

Tarifit

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

uma m (Tifinagh spelling ⵓⵎⴰ, plural aytma, feminine equivalent utcma)

1. brother
2. compatriot
3. bro, a male comrade or friend
4. the same, lookalike

Related terms

• utcma (“sister”)
• awmaten (“brothers”)
• tawmat (“brotherhood”)

Tausug

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔuma/ [ʔʊˈma]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: u‧ma

Noun

uma (Sulat Sūg spelling اُمَ)

1. farm; field

Derived terms

• mag'uma ("to make a farm; cultivate")
• mag'uuma ("farmer")

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq. Compare Nias omo and Malay rumah.

Noun

uma

1. house (abode)

Derived terms

• asu-uma
• bani-uma
• uma-fukun
• uma-moras

Further reading

• “uma”, in Dicionário infopédia: Tetum-English, Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
• Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Tongan

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

uma

1. shoulder

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

Noun

umá

1. farm

Western Bukidnon Manobo

Etymology

Akin to Maranao oma.

Verb

uma

1. to arrive

Yakan

Verb

uma

1. to bark (of dogs)

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /úːma/

Conjunction

úma

1. if
2. when

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “uma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “uma (3.9)”