知識

See also: 知识

Contents

Chinese

		to know; to be aware	to record; write a footnote; to know to record; write a footnote; to know; knowledge
trad. (知識)		知	識
simp. (知识)		知	识

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhīshi, zhīshì

  (Zhuyin): ㄓ ˙ㄕ, ㄓ ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ sik¹, zi³ sik¹
• Min Dong (BUC): dĭ-sék
• Min Nan (POJ): tì-sek / tì-siak / tì-sit
• Wu (Wiktionary): tsr seq (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhīshi
    • Zhuyin: ㄓ ˙ㄕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy.shy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
    • Pinyin: zhīshì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓ ㄕˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshyh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 知事 知識／知识 芝士

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
    • Jyutping: zi¹ sik¹, zi³ sik¹
    • Yale: jī sīk, ji sīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ sik⁷, dzi³ sik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ xig¹, ji³ xig¹
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/, /t͡siː³³ sɪk̚⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 姿色 知悉 知識／知识

Note: zi3 sik1 - also written as 智識.

• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭ-sék
    • IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(s-)lɛiʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-sek
    • Tâi-lô: tì-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dieseg
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti²¹⁻⁴¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ti¹¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ti²¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-siak
    • Tâi-lô: tì-siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diesiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ti⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɕiak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-sit
    • Tâi-lô: tì-sit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diesid
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti²¹⁻⁵³ ɕit̚³²/

Note: also written as 智識.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tsr seq (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵ səʔ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ʈiᴇ  ɕɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟移切	賞職切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiᴇ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiɛ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjɛ/	/ɕiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiə̆/	/ɕik̚/
Li Rong	/ȶie/	/ɕiək̚/
Wang Li	/ȶǐe/	/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶie̯/	/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zh-	shi

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tre  s-tək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'e  tjɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ trje ›	‹ syik ›
Old Chinese	/*tre/	/*s-tək/
English	know	know
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	11495	17244
Phonetic component	矢	戠
Rime group	支	代
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		志
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'e/	/*tjɯɡs/
Notes	沈兼士依韻會所引說文從口矢聲	戠轉註字

Noun

知識

1. knowledge

   學習知識 / 学习知识  ―  xuéxí zhīshí  ―  to acquire knowledge

   更新知識 / 更新知识  ―  gēngxīn zhīshí  ―  to renew one's knowledge

   知識淵博 / 知识渊博  ―  zhīshi yuānbó  ―  to be knowledgeable

   圖書館是人類知識的海洋。 [MSC, trad.]
   图书馆是人类知识的海洋。 [MSC, simp.]

   Túshūguǎn shì rénlèi zhīshí de hǎiyáng. [Pinyin]

   Libraries contain knowledge of human experience as vast as the open sea.

2. intellect; intelligence
3. (literary) acquaintance; friend

Synonyms

• (knowledge): 見識／见识 (jiànshí), (chiefly Min Nan, Cantonese) 智識／智识 (zhìshí)

Derived terms

• 冷知識／冷知识 (lěngzhīshi)
• 知識分子／知识分子 (zhīshi fènzǐ)
• 知識就是力量／知识就是力量 (zhīshi jiùshì lìliàng)
• 知識工人／知识工人 (zhīshi gōngrén)
• 知識產業／知识产业 (zhīshi chǎnyè)
• 知識產權／知识产权 (zhīshi chǎnquán)

• 知識經濟／知识经济 (zhīshi jīngjì)
• 知識論／知识论 (zhīshilùn)
• 知識青年／知识青年 (zhīshi qīngnián)
• 知識面／知识面 (zhīshimiàn)
• 知識點／知识点 (zhīshidiǎn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (知識):

• → Japanese: 知識 (ちしき) (chishiki)
• → Korean: 지식 (知識, jisik)
• → Vietnamese: tri thức (知識)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhīshí, zhīshì

  (Zhuyin): ㄓ ㄕˊ, ㄓ ㄕˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ sik¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: zhīshí
    • Zhuyin: ㄓ ㄕˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
    • Pinyin: zhīshì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓ ㄕˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshyh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 知事 知識／知识 芝士

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
    • Jyutping: zi¹ sik¹
    • Yale: jī sīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ sik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ xig¹
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 姿色 知悉 知識／知识

---

• Middle Chinese: /ʈiᴇ  ɕɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟移切	賞職切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiᴇ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiɛ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjɛ/	/ɕiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiə̆/	/ɕik̚/
Li Rong	/ȶie/	/ɕiək̚/
Wang Li	/ȶǐe/	/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶie̯/	/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zh-	shi

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tre  s-tək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'e  tjɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ trje ›	‹ syik ›
Old Chinese	/*tre/	/*s-tək/
English	know	know
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	11495	17244
Phonetic component	矢	戠
Rime group	支	代
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		志
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'e/	/*tjɯɡs/
Notes	沈兼士依韻會所引說文從口矢聲	戠轉註字

Verb

知識

1. (literary) to know; to be familiar with

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
知	識
ち Grade: 2	しき Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ち​しき [chíꜜshìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [t͡ɕiɕikʲi]

Noun

知識 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 智識, hiragana ちしき, rōmaji chishiki)

1. knowledge

   知識 (ちしき)を得 (え)る

   chishiki o eru

   to acquire knowledge

References

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Korean

Hanja in this term
知	識

Noun

知識 • (jisik) (hangeul 지식)

1. Hanja form^? of 지식 (“knowledge”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
知	識

Noun

知識

1. Hán tự form of tri thức (“knowledge”).