alibi
English edit
Etymology edit
18th century, from Latin alibī (“elsewhere, at another place”, adverb). Probably after French alibi, which has this use since the late 14th century.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi (plural alibis)
- (law) The plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed.
- to set up an alibi
- to prove an alibi
- 1988, Criminal Law Deskbook, →ISBN:
- Alibi is different from all of the other defenses . . . it is based upon the premise that the defendant is truly innocent.
- (sometimes proscribed) An excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame.
Usage notes edit
- A very good alibi might be described e.g. as perfect, watertight, airtight, solid or iron-clad.
- Some argue "alibi" should not be used colloquially to mean "an explanation or excuse to avoid blame or justify action," since this sense is unrelated to the word's original meaning of "elsewhere."
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Verb edit
alibi (third-person singular simple present alibis or alibies, present participle alibiing, simple past and past participle alibied)
See also edit
- Alibi on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Defense (legal) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Locked-room mystery on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Perfect murder on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi n or m (plural alibi's, diminutive alibietje n)
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: alibi
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi
Declension edit
Inflection of alibi (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | alibi | alibit | ||
genitive | alibin | alibien | ||
partitive | alibia | alibeja | ||
illative | alibiin | alibeihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | alibi | alibit | ||
accusative | nom. | alibi | alibit | |
gen. | alibin | |||
genitive | alibin | alibien | ||
partitive | alibia | alibeja | ||
inessive | alibissa | alibeissa | ||
elative | alibista | alibeista | ||
illative | alibiin | alibeihin | ||
adessive | alibilla | alibeilla | ||
ablative | alibilta | alibeilta | ||
allative | alibille | alibeille | ||
essive | alibina | alibeina | ||
translative | alibiksi | alibeiksi | ||
abessive | alibitta | alibeitta | ||
instructive | — | alibein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading edit
- “alibi”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
French edit
Etymology edit
From Middle French alibi (14th c.), borrowed from Latin alibī.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi m (plural alibis or (archaic) alibi)
Further reading edit
- “alibi”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch alibi, from Latin alibī (“elsewhere, at another place”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi (first-person possessive alibiku, second-person possessive alibimu, third-person possessive alibinya)
Further reading edit
- “alibi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi m (invariable)
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
- aliubi (rare)
Etymology edit
From alius (“other, another”) + ibī.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.biː/, [ˈälʲɪbiː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.li.bi/, [ˈäːlibi]
Adverb edit
alibī (not comparable)
Related terms edit
type | demonstrative | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative |
indefinite | negative | other | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
proximal | medial | distal | relative | indefinite | universal | free choice | negative polarity | ||||||
basic | hic | iste, istic | ille, illic | is | ipse, īdem | quis/quī | quisquis, quīcumque | quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam | quisque | quīvis, quīlibet | quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam | nēmō, nihil, nūllus | alius |
dual | uter | utercumque | alteruter | uterque | utervīs, uterlibet | neuter | alter | ||||||
place | hīc | istīc | illīc | ibī̆ | ibī̆dem | ubī̆ | ubiubi, ubī̆cumque | alicubī, uspiam | ubīque | ubivīs, ubilibet | usquam | nusquam, nūllibī | alibī, aliās |
source | hinc | istinc | illinc | inde | indidem | unde | undecumque, undeunde | alicunde | undique | °undelibet | aliunde | ||
destination | hūc, °hōrsum | istūc, °istōrsum | illūc, °illōrsum | eō | eōdem | quō, quōrsum | quōquō, quōcumque | aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum | quōvīs, quōlibet | quōquam | nusquam, nūllōrsum | aliō, aliōrsum | |
method, means, path, place |
hāc | istāc | illāc | eā | eādem | quā | quāquā, quācumque | aliquā | quāque | quāvīs, quālibet | nēquāquam, haudquāquam | aliā | |
manner | hōc modō | istō modō | illō modō | ita, sīc, eō modō |
item, itidem | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque | quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō | utique | quōmodolibet | ūllō modō | nūllō modō | aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō |
time | num, nunc | ōlim | tum, tunc | simul | quandō, ‡cum | cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque | quondam, aliquandō | quandōque | quandōlibet | umquam | numquam | aliās | |
quantity | tam | †tamen, †tandem | quam | †quamquam | aliquam | quamvīs, quamlibet | |||||||
size | tantus | tantusdem | quantus | quantuscumque | aliquantus | quantusvīs, quantuslibet | |||||||
quality | tālis | quālis | quālis, quāliscumque | aliquālis | quālislibet | ||||||||
number | tot | totidem | quot | quotquot, quotcumque | aliquot | quotlibet | |||||||
order | totus | quotus | quotuscumque | aliquotus | quotuslibet | ||||||||
repetition | totiēns | quotiēns | quotiēnscumque | aliquotiēns | quotiēnslibet | ||||||||
multiplication | totuplex | quotuplex | |||||||||||
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative |
Descendants edit
References edit
- “alibi”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “alibi”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- alibi in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin alibī.[1][2] First attested in 1802.[3][4]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi n (indeclinable)
- (law) alibi (plea or mode of defense under which a person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove being in another place when the alleged act was committed)
- (literary) alibi (excuse, especially one used to avoid responsibility or blame)
Derived terms edit
Collocations edit
- wygodne alibi ― a convenient alibi
- niezbite alibi ― an irrefutable alibi
- żelazne alibi ― an iron-clad/cast-iron alibi
- swoiste alibi ― a peculiar alibi
- stuprocentowe alibi ― an airtight alibi
- murowane alibi ― a rock-solid alibi
- wiarygodne alibi ― a credible alibi
- mocne alibi ― a strong alibi
- fałszywe alibi ― a false/fake alibi
- doskonałe alibi ― a perfect alibi
- świetne alibi ― a great alibi
- moralne alibi ― a moral alibi
- kiepskie alibi ― a lousy/flimsy alibi
- dobre alibi ― a good alibi
- znakomite alibi ― a great alibi
- sensowne alibi ― a sensible/logical alibi
- polityczne alibi ― a political alibi
- alibi oskarżonego/oskarżonej ― the accused's alibi
- mieć alibi ― to have alibi
- zapewnić/dostarczać/dostarczyć/podać alibi ― to provide an alibi
- szukać alibi ― to look for an alibi
- sprawdzać/sprawdzić alibi ― to verify/check an alibi
- stanowić alibi ― to be alibi
- stwarzać/stworzyć alibi ― to craft an alibi
- przedstawiać/przedstawić alibi ― to present an alibi
- obalić alibi ― to bust/crack/disprove an alibi
- dawać/dać alibi ― to give alibi
- potwierdzić alibi ― to confirm/corroborate alibi
- wymyślić alibi ― to come up with/think up/concoct an alibi
- stracić alibi ― to lose an alibi
- potrzebować alibi ― to need an alibi
- znaleźć alibi ― to find an alibi
- uzyskać alibi ― to get an alibi
References edit
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “alibi”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “alibi”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- ^ Gazeta Korrespondenta Warszawskiego y Zagranicznego[1] (in Polish), number 74, 1802, page 944
- ^ alibi in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Further reading edit
- alibi in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- alibi in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “alibi”, in Słownik języka polskiego[3] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 24
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
alibi n (plural alibiuri)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) alibi | alibiul | (niște) alibiuri | alibiurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) alibi | alibiului | (unor) alibiuri | alibiurilor |
vocative | alibiule | alibiurilor |
Rukai edit
Noun edit
alibi
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
àlībi m (Cyrillic spelling а̀лӣби)
Declension edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
alibi n
Declension edit
Indeclinable.
Further reading edit
- “alibi”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Swedish edit
Noun edit
alibi n
- (law) an alibi
- Hon saknar alibi för mordnatten
- She has no alibi for the night of the murder
- (by extension) an alibi (excuse, more generally)
Declension edit
Declension of alibi | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | alibi | alibit | alibin | alibina |
Genitive | alibis | alibits | alibins | alibinas |