are

See also: Appendix:Variations of "are"

English edit

English Wikipedia has an article on:

ARE

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle English aren, from Old English earun, earon (“are”), reinforced by Old Norse plural forms in er- (displacing alternative Old English sind and bēoþ), from Proto-Germanic *arun (“(they) are”), from Proto-Germanic *esi/*izi (a form of Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“is”).

Cognate with Old Norse eru (“(they) are”) (> Icelandic eru (“(they) are”), Swedish äro (“(they) are”), Danish er (“(they) are”)), Old English eart (“(thou) art”). More at art.

Alternative forms edit

ar (obsolete)

Pronunciation edit

Stressed

(Received Pronunciation) enPR: är, IPA^(key): /ɑː(ɹ)/
(General American) enPR: ar, IPA^(key): /ɑɹ/
(General Australian, New Zealand) enPR: är, IPA^(key): /ɐː(ɹ)/
(Northern England, Wales) enPR: är, IPA^(key): /aː(ɹ)/
(Ireland) IPA^(key): /aɹ/, /äːɹ/
(now dialectal) IPA^(key): /ɛə(ɹ)/, /ɛː(ɹ)/^[1]
(proscribed, rare, due to confusion with "our") IPA^(key): /aʊɚ/, /aʊə/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
Homophones: argh, r, our

Unstressed

(Received Pronunciation, General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ə(ɹ)/
(General American) enPR: är, IPA^(key): /ɚ/
Rhymes: (Received Pronunciation) -ə(ɹ)

Verb edit

are

second-person singular simple present of be
Mary, where are you going?
first-person plural simple present of be
We are not coming.
- 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)‎^[2]:
  Here we are!
  
  Audio (US) (file)
second-person plural simple present of be
Mary and John, are you listening?
third-person plural simple present of be
They are here somewhere.
(East Yorkshire, Midlands) present of be

Usage notes edit

The pronunciation /aʊɚ/ arising from confusion of "are" and "our" is rare, however it results as the latter can be elided into /ɑɹ/ in quick speech.

Synonyms edit

(second-person singular): (archaic) art (used with thou)

Etymology 2 edit

From French are.

Pronunciation edit

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɛə/, /ɛː/
(General American) enPR: âr, IPA^(key): /ɛəɹ/, /ɛɹ/
Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Homophones: air, Ayr, ere, eyre, heir, err (one pronunciation); e'er (US)

Noun edit

are (plural ares)

(rare) An accepted (but deprecated and rarely used) metric unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent. Symbol: a.

Usage notes edit

Are is now rarely used except in its derivative hectare.

Synonyms edit

(SI unit): (rare) square decametre

Derived terms edit

Translations edit

unit of area

Armenian: ար (hy) (ar)
Bashkir: ар (ar); land area сутый (sutıy)
Catalan: àrea (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 公畝／公亩 (zh) (gōngmǔ)
Czech: ar (cs) m
Danish: ar (da)
Dutch: are (nl) m
Estonian: aar (et)
Finnish: aari (fi)
French: are (fr) m
Galician: área (gl) f
German: Ar (de) n
Greek: άρια (el) n (ária)
Hungarian: ár (hu)
Ingrian: sotka
Irish: ár m
Italian: ara (it) f
Japanese: アール (ja) (āru)
Latvian: ārs m
Macedonian: ар m (ar)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: ar (no) n

Nynorsk: ar n
Occitan: ara (oc) f
Ottoman Turkish: آر
Polish: ar (pl) m inan
Portuguese: are (pt) m
Romanian: ar (ro) n
Russian: ар (ru) m (ar)
Slovak: ár m
Spanish: área (es) f
Swedish: ar (sv) c
Tagalog: arya
Turkish: ar (tr)

Etymology 3 edit

From the phonetic similarity between our and are in many English dialects (both /ɑː(ɹ)/).

Pronunciation edit

(UK) IPA^(key): /ɑː(ɹ)/
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)

Determiner edit

are

(UK, US) Misspelling of our.

Usage notes edit

Sometimes used deliberately as a form of classist humour, as a mocking imitation of a person with little education.

References edit

^ Jespersen, Otto (1909) A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)‎^[1], volumes I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 4.432, page 130.

Anagrams edit

'ear, Aer, EAR, ERA, REA, Rae, Rea, aer-, aër-, ear, era, rea

Basque edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Basque *arhe.

Pronunciation edit

Audio (file)

IPA^(key): /aɾe/ [a.ɾe]
Rhymes: -aɾe
Hyphenation: a‧re

Noun edit

are inan

rake

Declension edit

Declension of are (inanimate, ending in vowel)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	are	area	areak
ergative	arek	areak	areek
dative	areri	areari	areei
genitive	areren	arearen	areen
comitative	arerekin	arearekin	areekin
causative	arerengatik	arearengatik	areengatik
benefactive	arerentzat	arearentzat	areentzat
instrumental	arez	areaz	areez
inessive	aretan	arean	areetan
locative	aretako	areko	areetako
allative	aretara	arera	areetara
terminative	aretaraino	areraino	areetaraino
directive	aretarantz	arerantz	areetarantz
destinative	aretarako	arerako	areetarako
ablative	aretatik	aretik	areetatik
partitive	arerik	—	—
prolative	aretzat	—	—

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French are, from Latin ārea.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈaː.rə/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: are
Rhymes: -aːrə

Noun edit

are f (plural aren or ares)

are, a unit of surface area

Derived terms edit

hectare

Descendants edit

→ Indonesian: are
→ Papiamentu: are

French edit

Etymology edit

Learned formation from Latin area, a piece of level ground. Doublet of aire.

Pronunciation edit

Homophone: art

Noun edit

are m (plural ares)

an are

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Norwegian Bokmål: ar

Indonesian edit

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

are

Wikipedia ^id

Etymology edit

From Dutch are, from French are, from Latin ārea. Doublet of area.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈarə]
Hyphenation: arê

Noun edit

arê (first-person possessive areku, second-person possessive aremu, third-person possessive arenya)

are: an SI unit of area equal to 100 square metres, or a former unit of approximately the same extent.

Related terms edit

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈa.re/
Homophone: -are (infinitive verb suffix)
Rhymes: -are
Hyphenation: à‧re

Etymology 1 edit

Variant of aere.

Noun edit

are m (plural ari)

(archaic) Alternative form of aere

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun edit

are f pl

plural of ara

Anagrams edit

-erà, Era, Rea, era, rea

Japanese edit

Romanization edit

are

Rōmaji transcription of あれ

Latin edit

Verb edit

ārē

second-person singular present active imperative of āreō

References edit

“are”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Lindu edit

Noun edit

are

long, large sickle

Mapudungun edit

Noun edit

are (Raguileo spelling)

warmth, heat

References edit

Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Article edit

are

genitive/dative feminine of an

Etymology 2 edit

Determiner edit

are

(chiefly Kent and West Midlands) Alternative form of here (“their”)

Etymology 3 edit

Noun edit

are

Alternative form of hare (“hare”)

Etymology 4 edit

Noun edit

are

(Northern or Early Middle English) Alternative form of ore (“honour”)

Etymology 5 edit

Noun edit

are

(Northern) Alternative form of ore (“oar”)

Etymology 6 edit

Verb edit

are

Alternative form of aren

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Etymology 1 edit

Perhaps from a Dutch Low Saxon or German Low German verb.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb edit

are (present tense arar, past tense ara, past participle ara, passive infinitive arast, present participle arande, imperative are/ar)

(reflexive) to suit, fit

Etymology 2 edit

Determiner edit

are

(dialectal) alternative form of andre

Adjective edit

are

(dialectal) alternative form of andre

Etymology 3 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun edit

are

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) white-tailed eagle

Old English edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈɑːre/

Noun edit

āre

honor, glory, grace

Declension edit

Declension of are (weak)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	āre	āran
accusative	āran	āran
genitive	āran	ārena
dative	āran	ārum

Noun edit

āre

dative singular of ār (“messenger, herald; angel; missionary”)

Old Frisian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *auʀā, from Proto-Germanic *ausô.

Noun edit

^{The template Template:ofs-noun does not use the parameter(s): 2=āre
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

are n

ear

Inflection edit

Declension of āre (neuter n-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	āre	ārene, ārne
genitive	āra	ārana, ārena
dative	āra	ārum, ārem ārenum, ārenem
accusative	āre	ārene, ārne

Descendants edit

North Frisian:
Föhr: uar

Hallig, Mooring: uur

Helgoland: Uaar
Saterland Frisian: Oor
West Frisian: ear

Pali edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative forms

𑀅𑀭𑁂 (Brahmi script)
अरे (Devanagari script)
অরে (Bengali script)
අරෙ (Sinhalese script)
အရေ or ဢရေ (Burmese script)
อเร or อะเร (Thai script)
ᩋᩁᩮ (Tai Tham script)
ອເຣ or ອະເຣ (Lao script)
អរេ (Khmer script)
𑄃𑄢𑄬 (Chakma script)

Etymology edit

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection edit

are

wow, whoa
yay

Derived terms edit

re

Portuguese edit

Pronunciation edit

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ɾi/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ɾe/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ɾɨ/

Rhymes: (Brazil) -aɾi, (Portugal) -aɾɨ
Hyphenation: a‧re

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

are m (plural ares)

(historical) are (unit of area)

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb edit

are

inflection of arar:
1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Cf. Latin habēret, habuerit. Compare Aromanian ari. See also Romanian ar, used in a periphrastic construction of the conditional.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈare/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -are
Hyphenation: a‧re

Verb edit

are

third-person singular present indicative of avea

Scots edit

Etymology edit

From Middle English are, from Old English ār (“honor, worth, dignity”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *aizō (“respect, honour”), from *ais- (“to honour, respect, revere”).

Cognate with Dutch eer (“honour, credit”), German Ehre (“honour, glory”), Latin erus (“master, professor”).

Noun edit

are (uncountable)

(obsolete) grace; mercy

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈaɾe/ [ˈa.ɾe]
Rhymes: -aɾe
Syllabification: a‧re

Verb edit

are

inflection of arar:
1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Tagalog edit

Pronunciation edit

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈɾe/, [ʔɐˈɾɛ]
Rhymes: -e
Syllabification: a‧re

Pronoun edit

aré (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜒ) (chiefly Batangas, Mindoro, Marinduque)

Alternative form of ari: this one; this
Synonyms: (Manila) ito, (Central Luzon) ire, (Central Luzon) ere

Ano ga are? ― What is this?

Tangam edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Tani *a-lə, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *la.

Noun edit

are

(anatomy) foot, leg

References edit

Mark W. Post (2017) The Tangam Language: Grammar, Lexicon and Texts, →ISBN

Ternate edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈa.ɾe]

Verb edit

are

(transitive) to scratch

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of are
	Singular	Plural
	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	toare	foare	miare
2nd	noare	niare
3rd	Masculine	oare	iare, yoare^†
Feminine	moare
Neuter	iare
† - archaic

References edit

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Toraja-Sa'dan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qazay.

Noun edit

are

ant

Venetian edit

Noun edit

are

plural of ara

Wolof edit

Noun edit

are (definite form are bi)

stop, especially a bus stop

Yilan Creole edit

Etymology edit

From Japanese あれ (are, “that”).

Pronoun edit

are

third person singular pronoun
that (person or object)

Synonyms edit

(third person singular pronoun): (Hanhsi) zibun, zin

Coordinate terms edit

(that):
- kore, are, dore
- koci, aci, doko
- kono, ano, dono
- konna no, anna no, donna no
- konnasite, annasite, donnasite

Derived terms edit

(third person singular pronoun): aretaci, ataci

References edit

Chien Yuehchen (2015) “The lexical system of Yilan Creole”, in New Advances in Formosan Linguistics‎^[3], pages 513-532
Chien Yuehchen (2018) “日本語を上層とする宜蘭クレオールの人称代名詞”, in 日本語の研究‎^[4], volume 14, number 4
Chien Yuehchen (2019) “日本語を上層とする宜蘭クレオールの指示詞”, in 社会言語科学 [The Japanese Journal of Language in Society]‎^[5], volume 21, number 2, pages 50-65

Yoruba edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /à.ɾē/

Noun edit

àre

vindication, justification; justice
excuse, pardon

Derived terms edit

dáre (“to vindicate”)
jàre (“please, pardon me”)
káre (“well done!”)

Etymology 2 edit

From the same root as eré, iré, and uré, see Proto-Yoruba *V-ré

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ā.ɾé/

Noun edit

aré

Alternative form of eré (“running, race”)
Alternative form of eré (“speed”)
Alternative form of eré (“play, pastime”)

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /à.ɾē/

Noun edit

àre

miserableness; the state of being miserable and aimless

Derived terms edit

ráre (“to walk around aimlessly”)

[1] Jespersen, Otto (1909) A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)‎^[1], volumes I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 4.432, page 130.

[1]

	Direct (ang)	Indirect (ng)	Oblique (sa)	Locative (nasa)	Existential	Manner (gaya ng)
Near speaker*	ari/are, iri/ire/idi, yari**	nari/nare, niri/nire/nidi, niyari^†	dini/dine	nandini, narini, nairi/naidi, naari	ere/eri, here/heri, ayri	ganari, ganiri, garini(garni), gayari^†
Near speaker and listener*	ito	nito	dito	nandito, narito, naito**	heto, eto, ayto^†	ganito, garito(garto)**
Near listener	iyan, yaan	niyan	diyan/diyaan	nandiyan/nandiyaan, nariyan(naryan), nayan/nayaan**, naiyan^‡	hayan, ayan	ganiyan(ganyan), gay-an, gariyan
Remote	iyon, yoon, yaon^†	niyon, noon, niyaon^†	doon	nandoon, naron/naroon, nayon/nayoon, nayaon^‡	hayon/hayun, ayon/ayun	ganoon, gayon, gay-on, gayoon^‡,garoon^‡
These two series have merged in modern Tagalog. The first row is used in some dialects, the second row is used anywhere else. *These pronouns are used in some dialects. ^†These pronouns are not commonly used in casual speech but more prevalent in literature. ^‡Rare in text.

are

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

Usage notes edit

Synonyms edit

See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Usage notes edit

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Translations edit

Further reading edit

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

Usage notes edit

References edit

Anagrams edit

Basque edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

French edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Indonesian edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

Anagrams edit

Japanese edit

Romanization edit

Latin edit

Verb edit

References edit

Lindu edit

Noun edit

Mapudungun edit

Noun edit

References edit

Middle English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Article edit

Etymology 2 edit

Determiner edit

Etymology 3 edit

Noun edit

Etymology 4 edit

Noun edit

Etymology 5 edit

Noun edit

Etymology 6 edit

Verb edit

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Etymology 1 edit

Verb edit