-ba

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ba"

Bambara

Suffix

-ba

1. (augmentative suffix)

   ‎dugu + ‎-ba → ‎duguba

Basque

Suffix

-ba

1. (non-productive) Kinship suffix. It is usually found attached to unknown stems.

Derived terms

• ahizpa (“sister”)
• alaba (“daughter”)
• arreba (“sister”)
• asaba (“grandfather”)
• ginarreba (“parent-in-law”)
• iloba (“nephew”)
• izeba (“aunt”)
• osaba (“uncle”)

 

References

• “-ba” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ ba]

Suffix

-ba f (noun-forming suffix)

1. forms feminine nouns usually denoting an action, process or its result

   ‎chodit + ‎-ba → ‎chodba

   ‎sloužit + ‎-ba → ‎služba

Declension

Declension of -ba (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	-ba	-by
genitive	-by	-b
dative	-bě	-bám
accusative	-bu	-by
vocative	-bo	-by
locative	-bě	-bách
instrumental	-bou	-bami

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ba

See also

• -tva / -tba

Further reading

• -ba in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Garo

Affix

-ba

1. affirmative affix, indeed
2. also

Antonyms

• -ja

Gothic

Romanization

-ba

1. Romanization of -𐌱𐌰

Hungarian

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed	suffix	who?	what?	this	that	he/she (it)*
case							v. pr.	c.
nom.	–	ki	mi	ez	az	ő* / -∅ az / -∅	–	–
acc.	-t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt	kit	mit	ezt	azt	őt* / -∅ azt / -∅	–	c1 c2
dat.	-nak / -nek	kinek	minek	ennek	annak	neki	neki-	c
ins.	-val / -vel	kivel	mivel	ezzel/ evvel	azzal/ avval	vele		c
c-f.	-ért	kiért	miért	ezért	azért	érte	–	c
tra.	-vá / -vé	kivé	mivé	ezzé	azzá	–	–	c
ter.	-ig	–	meddig	eddig	addig	–	–	c
e-f.	-ként	(kiként)	(miként)	ekként	akként	–	–	c
e-m.	-ul / -ül	–	–	–	–	–	–	c
ine.	-ban / -ben	kiben	miben	ebben	abban	benne	–	c
sup.	-n/-on/-en/-ön	kin	min	ezen	azon	rajta	(rajta-)	c
ade.	-nál / -nél	kinél	minél	ennél	annál	nála	–	c
ill.	-ba / -be	kibe	mibe	ebbe	abba	bele	bele-	c
sub.	-ra / -re	kire	mire	erre	arra	rá	rá-	c
all.	-hoz/-hez/-höz	kihez	mihez	ehhez	ahhoz	hozzá	hozzá-	c
el.	-ból / -ből	kiből	miből	ebből	abból	belőle	–	c
del.	-ról / -ről	kiről	miről	erről	arról	róla	–	c
abl.	-tól / -től	kitől	mitől	ettől	attól	tőle	–	c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɒ]

Suffix

-ba

1. (case suffix) into. Used to form the illative case.

   ház (“house”) → a házba (“into the house”)

2. Eye dialect spelling of -ban.

Usage notes

   Hungarian case suffixes

Case	Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	Front vowel
		unrounded e, é, i, í	rounded ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative	—
accusative	-t
	-ot / -at	-et	-öt
dative	-nak	-nek
instrumental	-val	-vel
causal-final	-ért
translative	-vá	-vé
terminative	-ig
essive-formal	-ként
essive-modal	-ul	-ül
inessive	-ban	-ben
superessive	-n
	-on	-en	-ön
adessive	-nál	-nél
illative	-ba	-be
sublative	-ra	-re
allative	-hoz	-hez	-höz
elative	-ból	-ből
delative	-ról	-ről
ablative	-tól	-től
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként.     alma — almában, but almaként     zene ― zenében, but zeneként

• (case suffix) Harmonic variants:

  -ba is added to back vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.

  alma (“apple”) → Beleharapott egy almába. - She has bitten into an apple.

  -be is added to front vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.

  zene (“music”) → Variációkat dolgoztunk bele a zenébe. - We worked variations into the music.

Related terms

• -ba / -be
• -ban / -ben
• be → be-
• bél (and archaic bel)
• bel-
• bele (belé, beléje)
• -beli (-béli)
• beljebb (bellebb)
• bellebbez (beljebbez)
• belőle
• belső (benső)
• belül (belől, bévül)
• benne
• bennünket, -eteket
• bent (benn)
• -ból / -ből

See also

• Category:Hungarian terms taking -ba/-be
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Japanese

Romanization

-ba

1. Rōmaji transcription of ば

Navajo

Prefix

-ba

1. (disjunct prefix of position I)
   Postpositional prefix occurring in conjunction with di- in themes related to exhaustion, completion
   ► Navajo verbs with postpositional prefix -ba

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ba

Suffix

-ba f

1. (not productive) Forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb

   ‎służyć + ‎-ba → ‎służba

Declension

Declension of -ba

	singular	plural
nominative	-ba	-by
genitive	-by	-b
dative	-bie	-bom
accusative	-bę	-by
instrumental	-bą	-bami
locative	-bie	-bach
vocative	-bo	-by

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ba

See also

• -da

Further reading

• -ba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• -ba in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьba.

Suffix

-ba (Cyrillic spelling -ба)

1. Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an action.

See also

• -idba