觀

See also: 観, 观, and 覌
觀 U+89C0, 觀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89C0
← 覿
[U+89BF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 见 →
[U+89C1]

TranslingualEdit

Traditional 觀
Shinjitai 観
Simplified 观

Han characterEdit

觀 (radical 147, 見+18, 25 strokes, cangjie input 廿土月山山 (TGBUU), four-corner 46210, composition ⿰雚見)

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1138, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34993
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1605, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3677, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+89C0

ChineseEdit

trad. 觀
simp. 观
alternative forms 観
覌

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (雚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觀 *koːn, *koːns
灌 *koːns
鸛 *koːns
瓘 *koːns
矔 *koːns, *kroːns
懽 *koːns, *qʰoːn
爟 *koːns
雚 *koːns
罐 *koːns
鑵 *koːns
歡 *qʰoːn
驩 *qʰoːn
貛 *qʰoːn
酄 *qʰoːn
獾 *qʰoːn
讙 *qʰoːn, *qʰon
嚾 *qʰoːns
權 *ɡron
顴 *ɡron
孉 *ɡron
蠸 *ɡron
虇 *kʰonʔ, *kʰons
勸 *kʰons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːn, *koːns): phonetic 雚 (OC *koːns) + semantic 見 (“see”).

EtymologyEdit

“To watch; to observe” (Pronunciation 1) > “watchtower; platform; temple” (Pronunciation 2).

Schuessler (2007) connects it with 侯 (OC *ɡoː, “target”) and 候 (OC *ɡoːs, “to watch; to be on the lookout for; to wait”).

Pronunciation 1Edit

Note:
  • guang1 - Shantou;
  • guêng1 - Chaozhou.
  • Wu
    Rime
    Character 觀
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 古丸切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kuɑn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʷɑn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kuɑn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kwan/
    Li
    Rong         		/kuɑn/
    Wang
    Li         		/kuɑn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kuɑn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		guān
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 觀
    Reading # 1/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		guān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kwan ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.qʷˁar/
    English look (v.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 觀
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 4476
    Phonetic
    component         		雚
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		官
    Old
    Chinese         		/*koːn/

    DefinitionsEdit

    觀

    1. to observe; to watch; to view; to see
    2. to observe closely; to scrutinise; to investigate
    3. to read; to peruse
    4. to display; to show
    5. to visit; to go sightseeing
    6. to play; to enjoy
    7. appearance; looks
    8. sight; view; perspective
    9. concept; outlook
    10. A surname​.
    SynonymsEdit
    Dialectal synonyms of 看 (“to look”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 視, 見, 看
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 看
    Mandarin Beijing 看, 瞧, 瞅
    Taiwan 看
    Harbin 瞧
    Muping 看
    Jinan 看
    Wanrong 看
    Xi'an 看
    Xining 看
    Ürümqi 看
    Wuhan 看, 睄, 瞄
    Chengdu 看, 𧢭
    Guiyang 看, 望
    Guilin 看
    Liuzhou 看
    Xuzhou 望
    Yangzhou 看, 望, 瞧
    Nanjing 看, 瞧
    Hefei 看, 望
    Malaysia 看
    Singapore 看
    Cantonese Guangzhou 睇, 望
    Hong Kong 睇, 望
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 睇
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 睇
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 睇
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 睇
    Macau 睇
    Panyu 睇
    Huadu (Huashan) 睇
    Conghua 睇
    Zengcheng 睇
    Foshan 睇
    Nanhai (Shatou) 睇
    Shunde 睇
    Sanshui 睇
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 睇
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 看
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 睇
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 睇
    Doumen 睇
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 睇
    Xinhui 睇
    Taishan 睇, 望
    Kaiping (Chikan) 睇
    Enping (Niujiang) 睇
    Heshan (Yayao) 睇
    Dongguan 睇
    Bao'an (Shajing) 睇
    Qingyuan 睇
    Fogang 睇
    Yingde (Hanguang) 睇
    Yangshan 睇
    Lianshan (Butian) 看
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 望
    Shaoguan 睇
    Qujiang 睇
    Renhua 睇
    Lechang 睇
    Gaoyao 睇
    Sihui 睇
    Guangning 睇
    Deqing 睇
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 看
    Yunfu 睇
    Xinxing 睇
    Luoding 睇
    Yunan (Pingtai) 睇
    Yangjiang 看, 睇, 瞄
    Xinyi 睇
    Maoming (Xinpo) 睇
    Lianjiang 睇
    Nanning 睇
    Wuzhou 睇
    Yulin 睇
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 看
    Guiping 睇
    Mengshan (Xihe) 看
    Guigang (Nanjiang) 睇
    Beiliu (Tangliao) 睇
    Baise 睇
    Bobai 睇
    Lingshan 看
    Pubei 睇
    Qinzhou 睇
    Beihai 睇
    Ningming 睇
    Hengxian 睇
    Hezhou (Pumen) 睇
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 睇
    Singapore (Guangfu) 睇
    Gan Nanchang 看, 相, 望
    Lichuan 看
    Pingxiang 看
    Hakka Meixian 看, 睞
    Xingning 看
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 睇
    Huiyang 看
    Huidong (Daling) 看
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 看
    Boluo (Bendihua) 睇
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 看
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 看
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 睇
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 睇
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 睇
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 看, 睇
    Wengyuan 看
    Qujiang 看
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 看
    Liannan 看
    Conghua (Lütian) 看
    Jiexi 看
    Luhe 看
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 䀴
    Changting 䀴, 望
    Wuping 看
    Wuping (Yanqian) 看
    Wuping (Pingyu) 看
    Liancheng 䀴
    Ninghua 䀴
    Yudu 看, 望
    Ningdu 看
    Ruijin 看
    Shicheng 看
    Shangyou 看
    Tonggu (Sandu) 看
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 看
    Dayu 看
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 看
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 看
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 看, 䀴
    Dongshi (Dabu) 看, 䀴
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 䀴
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 䀴
    Hong Kong 看
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 看
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 睇
    Xinyi (Sihe) 睇
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 睇, 看
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 睇
    Dianbai (Shalang) 睇, 看
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 看
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 看
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 看
    Mengshan (Xihe) 看
    Luchuan 看
    Senai (Huiyang) 看
    Huizhou Jixi 看, 望
    Jin Taiyuan 看, 瞭
    Xinzhou 看
    Min Bei Jian'ou 覷
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 覷
    Songxi 䁐
    Zhenghe 覷
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 覷
    Jianyang 覷
    Wuyishan 覷
    Pucheng (Shibei) 覷
    Min Dong Fuzhou 看, 覷
    Changle 覷
    Lianjiang 覷
    Fuqing 覷
    Pingtan 覷
    Yongtai 覷
    Minqing 覷
    Gutian 覷
    Pingnan 看
    Luoyuan 看
    Fu'an 睨
    Ningde 看
    Xiapu 看
    Zherong 看
    Shouning 望
    Zhouning 睨
    Fuding 看
    Matsu 看
    Min Nan Xiamen 看
    Tong'an 看
    Quanzhou 看
    Jinjiang 看
    Nan'an 看
    Shishi 看
    Hui'an 看
    Anxi 看
    Yongchun 看
    Dehua 看
    Zhangzhou 看
    Longhai 看
    Changtai 看
    Hua'an 看
    Nanjing 看
    Pinghe 看
    Zhangpu 看
    Yunxiao 看
    Zhao'an 看, 睇
    Dongshan 看
    Taipei 看
    Kaohsiung 看
    Tainan 看
    Sanxia 看
    Kinmen 看
    Magong 看
    Penang (Hokkien) 看
    Singapore (Hokkien) 看
    Manila (Hokkien) 看
    Longyan 䁐
    Zhangping 看
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 看
    Datian 看
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 看
    Chaozhou 睇
    Shantou 睇
    Chenghai 睇
    Chaoyang 睇
    Jieyang 睇
    Lufeng 睇
    Haifeng 睇
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 睇
    Singapore (Teochew) 睇
    Leizhou 望
    Wenchang 望
    Haikou 望
    Qionghai 望
    Singapore (Hainanese) 望
    Puxian Min Putian 看
    Xianyou 看
    Min Zhong Yong'an 䁐
    Sanyuan 䁐
    Shaxian 䁐
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 望, 覷
    Sanxiang 睇
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 看
    Shehua Fu'an 睇
    Fuding 睇
    Luoyuan 睇
    Sanming 睇
    Shunchang 睇
    Hua'an 睇
    Guixi 睇
    Cangnan 睇
    Jingning 睇
    Lishui 睇
    Longyou 睇
    Chaozhou 睇
    Fengshun 睇
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 望
    Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 望
    Luxi (Baisha) 望
    Wu Shanghai 看, 望
    Chongming 看
    Suzhou 看, 望
    Danyang 看, 望
    Hangzhou 看
    Ningbo 看
    Wenzhou 眙, 張
    Jinhua 望
    Xiang Changsha 看
    Shuangfeng 看, 相
    Loudi 相

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 觀

    Pronunciation 2Edit

    Note:
    • koàn - literary;
    • kòaⁿ - vernacular.
    Note:
    • guang3 - Shantou;
    • guêng3 - Chaozhou.
    Rime
    Character 觀
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 古玩切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kuɑnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʷɑnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kuɑnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kwanH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kuɑnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kuɑnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kuɑnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		guàn
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 觀
    Reading # 2/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		guàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kwanH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.qʷˁar-s/
    English watchtower

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 觀
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 4477
    Phonetic
    component         		雚
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		貫
    Old
    Chinese         		/*koːns/

    DefinitionsEdit

    觀

    1. (historical) watchtower on either side of a palace gate
    2. (historical) platform; stage; dais; rostrum
    3. (Taoism) Taoist temple
    4. 20th hexagram of the I Ching
    5. A surname​.

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 觀

    JapaneseEdit

    Shinjitai

    		観

    Kyūjitai

    		觀

    KanjiEdit

    觀

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 観)

    1. Kyūjitai form of 観 (to see, observe; appearance)

    ReadingsEdit

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    “to see; etc.”
    From Middle Chinese 觀 (MC kuɑn). Recorded as Middle Korean 관訓 (Yale: kwan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
    “Taoist temple”
    From Middle Chinese 觀 (MC kuɑnH). Recorded as Middle Korean 관〮訓 (Yale: kwán) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    觀 (eumhun 볼 관 (bol gwan))

    1. Hanja form? of 관 (“to see; to observe; to view”).
    2. Hanja form? of 관 (“appearance; looks”).
    3. Hanja form? of 관 (“sight; view; perspective”).
    4. Hanja form? of 관 (“Taoist temple”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    觀: Hán Nôm readings: quan, quán

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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