Wiktionary

stan

See also: Stan, stań, śtan, stán, ştan, -stan, stan', and -стан

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Stan (“Stanley”), after the song Stan by Eminem (2000),[1] a fictitious account of the rapper's encounter with an overly obsessive fan named Stan. Sometimes assumed to be a blend of stalker +‎ fan, but perhaps simply chosen for the rhyme.[2]

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

  • (UK, North America) IPA(key): /stæn/
  • enPR: stăn
  • Rhymes: -æn
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)

Noun edit

stan (plural stans)

  1. (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory) An extremely obsessive fan of a person, group, character, or creative work, particularly one whose fixation is unhealthy or intrusive.
    IU stan
    K-pop stan
    Dream stan
    • 2011 October 11, Vanessa Spates, “Whether in Britney's Army or Rihanna's Navy, stans need to surrender to sanity”, in The Lantern, volume 132, number 16, Ohio State University, page 9A:
      I know the in-depth detailed life of a stan because I am one. I'm one of those Lady Gaga fans, […]
    • 2013 March 17, “Selena Gomez: She Is My Queen”, in Sunday Tribune, South Africa:
      I am the biggest stan for Selena because she is my queen. She made Disney interesting and I have always watched her.
    • 2013 December 5, Jake Folsom, “Stans take dedication to extreme heights online, in real life”, in Washington Square News, volume 41, number 104, page 11:
      Incidents have occurred with stans showing up to pop stars' residences, as has happened with Madonna, Taylor Swift and others.
    • 2020 June 21, “TikTok Teens and K-Pop Stans Say They Sank Trump Rally”, in New York Times‎[3]:
      K-pop stans have been getting increasingly involved in American politics in recent months. After the Trump campaign solicited messages for the president’s birthday on June 8, K-pop stans submitted a stream of prank messages.
    • 2022 April 29, Ezra Marcus, “Johnny Depp Case Brings Stan Culture Into the Courtroom”, in The New York Times‎[4], →ISSN:
      “Stans will literally go to any extent to defend anyone,” he said of Mr. Depp’s supporters, adding: “Amber Heard, she has not got that fan base.”
Hypernyms edit
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit

Verb edit

stan (third-person singular simple present stans, present participle stanning, simple past and past participle stanned)

  1. (slang, transitive, intransitive) To act as a stan (for); to be an obsessive fan (of).
    We stan a queen.
Translations edit

Etymology 2 edit

Back-formation from -stan.

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan (plural stans)

  1. One of the stans; any of the ex-Soviet countries and their neighbours whose name ends with "-stan" such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan.
    • 2015 July 30, Jules Boykoff, “Beijing and Almaty contest Winter Olympics in human rights nightmare”, in The Guardian‎[5]:
      This is a stan with a plan. Unlike Uzbekistan […] .

Further reading edit

References edit

  1. ^ Eminem, Dido, Paul Herman (lyrics and music) (2000) “Stan”, in The Marshall Mathers LP, performed by Eminem: “[…] truly yours, your biggest fan, this is Stan”
  2. ^ Lili Feinberg (2015 July 20) “The emergence of the ‘stan’”, in Oxford Dictionaries Blog‎[1], archived from the original on 2015-07-23

Anagrams edit

Albanian edit

FWOTD – 4 February 2024

Etymology edit

Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ (“camp”).[1][2][3][4]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan m (plural stane, definite stani)

  1. place with huts and pens for shepherds and cattle; shed, fold, barn; hut, shelter
    Synonyms: tëbanë, bun
    • 1910–1947, “Kur më vjen burri nga stani”, Lasgush Poradeci (lyrics), Kristo Kono (music), performed by Tefta Tashko:
      Kur më vjen burri nga stani // kur më vjen ×3 // fërr-fërr-fërr më bën fustani // fërr-fërr-fërr ×3
      When my husband comes from the barn furr-furr-furr my dress flies.
  2. flock of sheep
    Synonyms: kope, grigjë
  3. (derogatory) hostile group, gang, unit
    Synonyms: grup, kamp

Declension edit

Declension of stan
indefinite definite
singular plural singular plural
nominative stan stane stani stanet
accusative stanin
dative stani staneve stanit stanevet
ablative stanesh

Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Meyer, G. (1891) “stan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, pages 391–392
  2. ^ Ylli, Xhelal (1997) Das slavische Lehngut im Albanischen (Slavistische Beiträge; 350)‎[2], volume 1. Lehnwörter, Munich: Otto Sagner, page 243
  3. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “stan”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 401
  4. ^ Omari, Anila (2012) “stan”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, pages 268–269

Further reading edit

  • “stan”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
  • “stan”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[6] (in Albanian), 1980, page 1787
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “stan”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 460a

Czech edit

 
Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Czech stan, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan m inan

  1. tent

Declension edit

Declension of stan (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative stan stany
genitive stanu stanů
dative stanu stanům
accusative stan stany
vocative stane stany
locative stanu stanech
instrumental stanem stany

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • stan in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • stan in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • stan in Internetová jazyková příručka

Middle English edit

Noun edit

stan (plural stanes or stan)

  1. Alternative form of stone

Old Czech edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan m inan

  1. tent
  2. (in the plural) camp; tabernacle
  3. inside of the heart
  4. interior

Declension edit

Declension of stan (u-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative stan stany stanové, stani
genitive stanu stanú stanóv
dative stanovi, stanu stanoma stanóm
accusative stan stany stany
vocative stane stany stanové, stani
locative stanu stanú staniech
instrumental stanem stanoma stany
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants edit

  • Czech: stan

References edit

Old Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną.

Verb edit

stān

  1. To stand.

Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • “stān”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂no-, *stih₂-no- (a suffixed form of *steyh₂- (“to be solid, to crowd together”)).

Cognate with Old Frisian stēn, Old Saxon stēn (German Low German Steen), Old Dutch sten, stein (Dutch steen), Old High German stein (German Stein), Old Norse steinn (Icelandic steinn, Faroese steinur, Norwegian Nynorsk stein, Norwegian Bokmål stein, sten, Danish sten, Swedish sten), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (stains). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”), Proto-Slavic *stěnà (Bulgarian стена (stena), Russian стена́ (stená), Czech stěna (“wall”)).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stān m

  1. stone

Declension edit

Declension of stan (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative stān stānas
accusative stān stānas
genitive stānes stāna
dative stāne stānum

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ. First attested in the 12th century.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /staːn/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /stɒn/

Noun edit

stan m ? (diminutive stanek, augmentative stanowisko or stanowiszcze, related adjective stanowy)

  1. duty to support a ruler and his court, officials or team during a trip around the country, imposed on the rural population, converted over time into a tribute in kind or a pecuniary fee
    • 1863 [1239], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Kodeks dyplomatyczny księstwa mazowieckiego‎[7], page 12:
      Quod neque przewoz, neque stan ducale et exercitus... ab eisdem hominibuis dux terre... expetet
      [Quod neque przewoz, neque stan ducale et exercitus... ab eisdem hominibuis dux terre... expetet]
    • 1863 [1447], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Kodeks dyplomatyczny księstwa mazowieckiego‎[8], page 213:
      Ab eisdem serviciis, videlicet portacione pabulorum al. pycza, a coquina, ac tentoriis et habitaculorum al. stany laboribus absoluimus et liberamus
      [Ab eisdem serviciis, videlicet portacione pabulorum al. picia, a coquina, ac tentoriis et habitaculorum al. stany laboribus absoluimus et liberamus]
  2. stopping, halting
    • 1856-1870 [1497], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VII, number 70:
      Quia nobilis Martinus... liberum misit nobilem Bernardum... a iuramento pro eo, quia ipsum reconvenit, quia ipse misit familiam suam in viam in stationibus al. w stanyech et qui vulneraverunt ipsum Martinum
      [Quia nobilis Martinus... liberum misit nobilem Bernardum... a iuramento pro eo, quia ipsum reconvenit, quia ipse misit familiam suam in viam in stationibus al. w staniech et qui vulneraverunt ipsum Martinum]
  3. place of stopping or halting
    • 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 21:
      Wstawyami, aby ryczerz... pod pewną podnyeszoną chorangwyą na yey stanye (cum sua statione) staal
      [Ustawiamy, aby rycerz... pod pewną podniesioną chorągwią na jej stanie (cum sua statione) stał]
  4. natural or artificial dwelling; temporary shelter, especially a tent
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[9], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 13:
      W okrødze iego stan (tabernaculum) iego
      [W okrędze jego stan (tabernaculum) jego]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[10], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 59, 6:
      Nyzinø stanow (convallem tabernaculorum) rozmerzø
      [Nizinę stanow (convallem tabernaculorum) rozmierzę]
    • 1974 [1410], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie, volume IV, number 315:
      Jaco Janusz ne beszal gwaltem na Stanislaw[ow] stan ani mu ran dal
      [Jako Janusz nie bieżał gwałtem na Stanisław[ow] stan ani mu ran dał]
  5. place to stand; position
    • 1930 [Fifteenth century], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎[11], 7, 16:
      A ktore gest weszlo samyecz a samycza wszelkyego stworzenya, to gest kaszde w gego stan wwyodl, yakosz mu (sc. Noemu) to bil bog przikazal
      [A ktore jest weszło samiec a samica wszelkiego stworzenia, to jest każde w jego stan wwiodł, jakoż mu (sc. Noemu) to był Bog przykazał]
  6. (in the plural, sometimes military)encampment, (area of the camp)
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎[12], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 105, 17:
      Rozgnyewaly... Moyszesza w stanyech (in castris)
      [Rozgniewali... Mojiżesza w staniech (in castris)]
  7. hunting lodge
    • 1921 [1471], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich‎[13], page 197:
      Jako Rawa... w xanzeyi pusczyey podle swogych stanow w szwem sznamyenyv syeczy any stampycz na swyerz nye *stawyam
      [Jako Rawa... w księżej puszczej podle swojich stanow w swem znamieniu sieci ani stępic na źwierz nie stawia[m]]
  8. storage building; granary
    • 1856-1870 [1497], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VII, number 6:
      Qui Albertus et Iacobus non venerunt, neque ipsam solutionem... fecerunt et domini iudicio praesidentes.. decreverunt ipsi nobili Ioni Boyanszki et iudicio domini palatini pignus de ipsius reposito al. sztanu et dederunt ac decreverunt sibi ministerialem ad expignorandum
      [Qui Albertus et Iacobus non venerunt, neque ipsam solutionem... fecerunt et domini iudicio praesidentes.. decreverunt ipsi nobili Joni Bojański et iudicio domini palatini pignus de ipsius reposito al. stanu et dederunt ac decreverunt sibi ministerialem ad expignorandum]
  9. circle, circumference, region
    • 1880 [Middle of the fifteenth century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 253:
      Et ita fuit descriptum, quot homines erant in civitatibus, quot ciuitates in regione, w kalsdem gbycze, stanye, et quot regiones in orbe stanow bylo na szwyecze
      [Et ita fuit descriptum, quot homines erant in civitatibus, quot ciuitates in regione, w kalżdem gbicie, stanie, et quot regiones in orbe stanow było na świecie]
  10. armed host of angel
    • 1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 69:
      Inter quos (sc. angelos)... principem milicie, stanu, constituerat, sc. Luciferum
      [Inter quos (sc. angelos)... principem milicie, stanu, constituerat, sc. Luciferum]
  11. state (set of circumstances applying at any given time)
    • 1461–1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 91v:
      Mutatur a presentis statu, [od] sta[nu] nineszego, dileccionis ad carenciam diuine uisionis [ku p]ostradanyv [wi]dzena bozego
      [Mutatur a presentis statu, [od] sta[nu] ninieszego, dileccionis ad carenciam diuine uisionis [ku p]ostradaniu [wi]dzenia bożego]

Derived terms edit

nouns

Related terms edit

verbs

Descendants edit

References edit

Old Saxon edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną.

Verb edit

stān

  1. To stand.

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of stān (irregular)
infinitive stān
indicative present past
1st person singular *stā stōd
2nd person singular stēs stōdi
3rd person singular stēd stōd
plural stād stōdun
subjunctive present past
1st person singular *stāe stōdi
2nd person singular *stāes stōdis
3rd person singular *stāe stōdi
plural *stāen stōdin
imperative present
singular stā
plural stād
participle present past
stāndi gistandan, standan

Descendants edit

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish stan. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 10 are semantic loans from Latin status.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan m inan (abbreviation st.)

  2. state (a condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time)
    Synonym: kondycja
  4. (politics) state (political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Mexico, Nigeria, or India)
  5. (historical) state, echelon; caste; level (layer of society during the Middle Ages)
  6. ring (group of people based on their profession or social function)
  7. (literary, anatomy) waist (the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach)
    Synonym: talia
  8. (literary) waist (a part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist)
  9. (dated, anatomy) upper body
  10. clothing for the upper body (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
  11. part of clothing worn on the lower body between the crotch and belt (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
  13. (obsolete) state (sovereign polity)
  14. shape, form
    Synonyms: forma, postać
  15. state, mood
    Synonyms: nastrój, usposobienie
  16. (obsolete) number, amount
    Synonyms: ilość, liczba
  17. (Middle Polish, now historical) obligation to provide room and board during the journey of the ruler and his retinue, later changed into an annual monetary tribute
    Synonym: stacja
  18. (obsolete) four cubits of linen
  19. (obsolete) profession
    Synonym: zawód
  20. (obsolete) bra, small corset
    Synonyms: stanik, gorsecik
  21. (obsolete, bureaucracy) document containing the office hours and location of a given official
  22. (obsolete, beekeeping) beekeeper's shelter in the woods
  23. (obsolete) flowerpot
    Synonyms: donica, wazon
  24. (obsolete) four wheels

Declension edit

Declension of stan
singular plural
nominative stan stany
genitive stanu stanów
dative stanowi stanom
accusative stan stany
instrumental stanem stanami
locative stanie stanach
vocative stanie stany

Derived terms edit

adjective
adverbs
nouns
verbs

Related terms edit

verbs

Further reading edit

  • stan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • stan in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “stan”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “STAN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2009 February 17
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[14]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[15]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[16] (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 387
  • stan in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “stan”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Romanian edit

Noun edit

stan n (plural stanuri)

  1. Alternative form of stană

Declension edit

Declension of stan
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) stan stanul (niște) stanuri stanurile
genitive/dative (unui) stan stanului (unor) stanuri stanurilor
vocative stanule stanurilor

Serbo-Croatian edit

 
Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stȃn m (Cyrillic spelling ста̑н)

  1. flat, apartment
  2. loom (tkàlačkī stȃn)

Declension edit

Declension of stan
singular plural
nominative stȃn stȁnovi
genitive stana stanova
dative stanu stanovima
accusative stan stanove
vocative stane stanovi
locative stanu stanovima
instrumental stanom stanovima

Quotations edit

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • “stan” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak edit

 
Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

stan m inan (genitive singular stanu, nominative plural stany, genitive plural stanov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. tent
  2. (slang) erection, hard-on

Declension edit

Declension of stan
singular plural
nominative stan stany
genitive stanu stanov
dative stanu stanom
accusative stan stany
locative stane stanoch
instrumental stanom stanmi

Further reading edit

  • “stan”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Swedish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Contraction of staden, the definite singular of stad.

Noun edit

stan

  1. (colloquial) The town, the city.
    på stan
    downtown

Usage notes edit

  • Stockholmers insist that stan always refers to Stockholm and no other cities. The phrase inte i stan (“not in the town”) to them means outside of Stockholm, but to other Swedes it means outside of any town, i.e., in the countryside.

Anagrams edit

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=stan&oldid=79041862"