Wiktionary

霸

See also: 覇
霸 U+9738, 霸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9738
← 霷
[U+9737] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 霹 →
[U+9739]

Translingual

edit

Han character

edit

霸 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+13, 21 strokes, cangjie input 一月廿十月 (MBTJB), four-corner 10527, composition ⿱⻗䩗)

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1379, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42490
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1888, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4077, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+9738

Chinese

edit
trad. 霸
simp. # 霸
2nd round simp. ⿱⿻帀⿰⼂⼂巴
alternative forms
覇
𧈉
𧟲
𧟳
𩄤
覇
𧈉
𧟲
𧟳
𩄤
𣍸
 

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character 霸
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (霸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
壩 *praːɡs
霸 *praːɡs
灞 *praːɡs
欛 *praːɡs

In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 革 (“change”) + 月 (“moon”) – changes in moonlight.

Bronze inscriptions added 雨 to make 䨣 a phonetic component.

Etymology 1

edit

Exoactive or transitive of 伯 (OC *praːɡ, “be the eldest”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

edit
Note:
  • 2pa- vernacular;
  • 2po - literary.
Rime
Character 霸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 必駕切
Baxter paeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/paH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/paɨH/
Li
Rong 		/paH/
Wang
Li 		/paH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/paH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		baa3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 霸
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bà
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pæH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁrak-s/
English have hegemony

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 霸
Reading # 1/1
No. 181
Phonetic
component 		霸
Rime
group 		暮
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		霸
Old
Chinese 		/*praːɡs/

Definitions

edit

霸

  1. to dominate
  2. (historical) overlord, hegemon
  3. tyrant; despot; bully
  4. hegemony; tyranny
  5. to occupy; to monopolize
    霸佔／霸占  ―  bàzhàn  ―  to forcibly occupy, to seize
    霸機／霸机  ―  bàjī  ―  to stage a sit-in after a plane has landed
    霸位 [Cantonese]  ―  baa3 wai6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to reserve a seat for someone who has not yet arrived
  6. (Eastern Min) powerful; awesome; impressive
    伊野霸 [Eastern Min]  ―  ĭ iā-*bá / [i⁵⁵ ia³³⁻⁵⁵ pɑ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  s/he is awesome

Compounds

edit

Etymology 2

edit

Same word as 魄 (OC *pʰraːɡ, “soul”) and cognate with 白 (OC *braːɡ, “white”) (Schuessler, 2007). Chiefly attested in Zhou-era bronze inscriptions for calendrical functions (Wang, 1923).

Pronunciation

edit
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 霸
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		pò
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phæk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[pʰˁ]rak/
English new moon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

edit

霸

  1. (archaic, Chinese astronomy) Alternative form of 魄 (pò, “illuminated part of the moon”)
  2. † moonlight in the beginning of a lunar month right after the new moon

Japanese

edit

Shinjitai

覇

Kyūjitai

霸

Kanji

edit
霸

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 覇)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: へ (he)、ひゃく (hyaku)
  • Kan-on: は (ha)、はく (haku)
  • Kun: はたがしら (hatagashira)、かしら (kashira)

Korean

edit

Etymology

edit

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 파 (pa) based on Middle Chinese 霸 (MC paeH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

edit
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰɛ(ː)] ~ [pʰe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [패(ː)/페(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

霸 (eumhun 으뜸 패 (eutteum pae))

  1. hanja form? of 패 (“the best; the top; the head”)

Compounds

edit
Compounds

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

霸: Hán Nôm readings: bá, phách

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=霸&oldid=80906100"