io
TranslingualEdit
EtymologyEdit
Abbreviation of English and Ido Ido
SymbolEdit
io
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἰώ (Iṓ, “Io”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
io (plural ios)
- A type of moth, the io moth.
- 1936, Paul Griswold Howes, Hand book for the curious:
- These lines appear to serve as roadways or guides to any stragglers that may have hung back for some reason known only to an io.
Etymology 2Edit
From Latin iō; compare Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ, “oh!”).
InterjectionEdit
io
- (rare) An exclamation of joy or triumph.
- 1913, Crowley, Aleister, “Hymn To Pan”, in Book 4[1], University of California Libraries, Magick in Theory and Practice:
- Do as thou wilt, as a great god can,
O Pan! Io Pan!
Io Pan! Io Pan Pan! I am awake
In the grip of the snake.
AnagramsEdit
AromanianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego, from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Romanian eu.
PronounEdit
io
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ChuukeseEdit
PronounEdit
io
DutchEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin io, from Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ). Doublet of jo.
InterjectionEdit
io
Further readingEdit
- Matthias de Vries; Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864), “io”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From i- (indeterminate correlative prefix) + -o (correlative suffix of objects).
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
io (accusative singular ion)
- something (indeterminate correlative of objects)
Derived termsEdit
InterlinguaEdit
EtymologyEdit
Probably borrowed from Italian io.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
io
- I
- Io te ama.
- I love you.
- Io te ama.
Istro-RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Vulgar Latin eo (compare Romanian eu and Italian io); from Latin ego, from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronounEdit
io (first-person singular, plural noi)
DeclensionEdit
nominative | io | |
---|---|---|
accusative | stressed | mire |
unstressed | me (m') | |
dative | stressed | mi |
unstressed | âm | |
genitive | masc. sg. | meu/mev |
fem. sg. | me | |
masc. pl. | meľ | |
fem. pl. | mele |
ItalianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Italian eo, from Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego (“I”), from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Akin to Catalan jo, Sicilian iu and Spanish yo.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
io (personal, first person, possessive mio)
- I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)
Usage notesEdit
- Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangio una mela, which is much more common than Io mangio una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangio; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Io mangio una mela could be intepreted as I am eating an apple and you are not).
See alsoEdit
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Conjunctive | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
io
LatinEdit
EtymologyEdit
Echoic; compare Greek ἰώ (iṓ), or English yo.
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
iō
- An exclamation of joy: Ho!, Hurray!, Hurrah!
- An exclamation of pain: Oh!, Ah!, Alas!
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.447-448:
- illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’
- Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!”
(See Persephone. The full context implies a cry of anguish as well as a plea for help from Persephone's mother, Ceres. The alternative ‘‘Help!’’ calls for an imperative such as ‘‘ferte auxilium!’’.)
- Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!”
- illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’
- An exclamation for getting one’s attention, used in a sudden or vehement call: Look!, Quick!, Yo!
ReferencesEdit
- “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- io in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “io”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[2]
- “io”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “io”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
Megleno-RomanianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego. Compare Aromanian iou, Romanian eu.
PronounEdit
io
NeapolitanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego. Compare Italian io.
PronounEdit
io
- I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)
Coordinate termsEdit
Number | Person | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Reflexive | Possessive | Prepositional |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first-person | io (i') | me | mìo, mìa, mieje, meje | me, méne | ||
second-person, familiar | tu | te | tùjo, tòja, tùoje, tòje | te, téne | |||
second-person, formal | vuje | ve | vuósto, vósta, vuóste, vóste | vuje | |||
third-person, masculine | ìsso | 'o, 'u (lo, lu) | 'i, 'e (li, le) | se | sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje | ìsso | |
third-person, feminine | éssa | 'a (la) | 'e (le) | éssa | |||
plural | first-person | nuje | ce | nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste | nuje | ||
second-person, plural | vuje | ve | vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste | vuje | |||
third-person, masculine | ìsse | 'i, 'e (li, le) | llòro | se | llòro (invariable) | llòro | |
third-person, feminine | llòro | 'e (le) |
Old DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *aiw.
AdverbEdit
io
- always, every time, continuously
- 1981, Quak, Arend, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)[3], Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 69:
- Duncla uuerthin ougon iro that sia ne gesian in rukgi iro io an crumbe.
- May their eyes be blinded so they (can) not see, and may their back keep getting bent!
- 1981, Quak, Arend, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)[4], Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 71:
- An thi sang min io.
- For you is always my song.
- ever, at some point, sometime
- 1971, Willy Sanders, editor, (Expositio) Willerammi Eberspergensis abbatis in canticis canticorum. Die Leidener Handschrift. (Kleine deutsche Prosadenkmäler des Mittelalters; 9)[5] (in Latin and Old High German), München: Wilhelm Fink, page 52:
- So wer ouch thurgh godes willan thiro wereld arbeyde muothe, wie magh her ie ze meeron ruowan cuman, thanne thaz her uollecume 'ad fontem totius boni'?
- And whoever by God's will is tired by the burdens of the world, how can he ever attain peace better than that he reaches the source of all good?
Alternative formsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ie”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, whence also Old English ā, Old Saxon eo, Old Norse ei, Old Dutch ēwa, io.
AdverbEdit
io
RomanianEdit
AdverbEdit
io
- Obsolete form of iuo.
ReferencesEdit
West MakianEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
io
- (transitive) to marry
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of io (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | tiio | miio | aio | |
2nd person | niio | fiio | ||
3rd person | inanimate | iio | diio | |
animate | ||||
imperative | niio, io | fiio, io |
ReferencesEdit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[6], Pacific linguistics
YorubaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with Nupe ewó, Edo ígho, Urhobo ígho
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ió
Derived termsEdit
- ió-orí (“tax, brideprice”)
- ọlíó (“rich person”)