替

See also: 賛 and 暜

替	U+66FF, 替 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66FF

← 曾
[U+66FE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

最 →
[U+6700]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

替 (radical 73, 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手人日 (QOA), four-corner 5560₃, composition ⿱㚘曰)

Derived charactersEdit

僣, 簮, 譛, 鐟, 䣠, 䲋, 𠟆, 𠾱, 𡼫, 𢡚, 𣚽, 𤏖, 𥋋, 𦅦, 𦏋, 𦠛, 𦻘, 𨅕, 𩁀, 𩅮, 𩕗, 𩞲, 𪍲, 𪖽

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 503, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14300
Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1515, character 8
Unihan data for U+66FF

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		替
alternative forms		暜𤾕𤽽

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 替
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (替) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
替	*tʰiːds
暜	*tʰiːds
僣	*tʰiːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 竝 + 曰 – two figures (竝) changing places. Two top components have been simplified from 立 to 夫.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tai³
Gan (Wiktionary): ti³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai / thi
Jin (Wiktionary): ti³
Min Dong (BUC): tá̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thè / thòe / thùi / thoeh

(Teochew, Peng'im): ti³ / toi³
Wu (Wiktionary): thi (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tì
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tai³
  - Yale: tai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: tei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐi̯³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ti³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai / thi
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai / ti
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ / ti⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/, /tʰi⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ti³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxi⁴⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tá̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè
  - Tâi-lô: thè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tex
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰe²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰe⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòe
  - Tâi-lô: thuè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toex
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰue²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰue¹¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /tʰue¹²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thùi
  - Tâi-lô: thuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tuix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰui¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoeh
  - Tâi-lô: thueh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toeq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰueʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰueʔ⁵/

Note:

thè - literary;
thòe/thuì/thoeh - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ti³ / toi³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì / thòi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/, /tʰoi²¹³/

Note:

ti3 - literary;
toi3 - vernacular.

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: thi (T2)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /tʰei^H/

Rime
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰei^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰei^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛj^H/
Li Rong	/tʰei^H/
Wang Li	/tʰiei^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰiei^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤi[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tʰiːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tì
Middle Chinese	‹ thej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥ˁi[t]-s/
English	discard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	替
Reading #	1/1
No.	12378
Phonetic component	替
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	替
Old Chinese	/*tʰiːds/
Notes	説文作暜

DefinitionsEdit

替

to substitute for; to displace
for; in place of
他替我去了趟超市。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Tā tì wǒ qù le tàng chāoshì. [Pinyin]
He went to the supermarket for me. [Originally, I was the person who should go to the supermarket]
- 奴才替天下百姓感激皇太后恩典！ [MSC, trad. and simp.]
  From: 2010, The Firmament of the Pleiades
  Núcái tì tiānxià bǎixìng gǎnjī huángtàihòu ēndiǎn! [Pinyin]
  I, on behalf of the people throughout the world, [hereby] express my gratitude for the kindness of the empress dowager!
to decline; to go downhill; to be on the wane; to fall; to decay
- 曰：「有謂一向嚴華夷之防閑，守儒俗之界分，則勢孤力替。尊慕之義無以維持。則不問俗之華夷、人之舊新，破其畦稜，而與之成其事，亦時宜之一道也。其言如何？」 [Korean Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: 1946, writing by Kim Yeong'ik (金永益)
  Wal: "Yu wi ilhyang eom hwai ji banghan, su yu sok ji gyebun, jeuk se go ryeok che. Jonmo ji ui mu i yuji. Jeuk bulmun sok ji hwai, in ji gusin, pa gi hyu reung, i yeo ji seong gi sa, yeok siui ji il do ya. Gi eon yeoha?" [Sino-Korean]
  He said: "There are those who say that if we always hold firm to the limits of the hua and the yi and keep to the borders between the Confucian and profane worlds, our circumstances shall be forlorn and our strength faltering. The cause of honoring and commemorating is not upheld thereby. So if we disregard whether the customs are hua or yi or whether the people are of the old or new types, breaking these boundaries and achieving our aim along with them, this would also be a way to act appropriately for these times. What do you have to say?"

SynonymsEdit

(to substitute):

edit

Synonyms of 替

交替 (jiāotì)
代替 (dàitì)
取代 (qǔdài)
接替 (jiētì)

更代 (gēngdài)
更換／更换 (gēnghuàn)
更替 (gēngtì)
替代 (tìdài)

替換／替换 (tìhuàn)
調換／调换 (diàohuàn)
迭代 (diédài) (literary)

(for):

Dialectal synonyms of 替 (“for”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		替, 為
Mandarin	Beijing	給, 替
	Taiwan	給, 替
	Jinan	給, 替
	Xi'an	替, 給
	Wuhan	跟, 幫
	Chengdu	幫, 給, 跟
	Yangzhou	代, 替
	Hefei	代, 幫
	Singapore	替
Cantonese	Guangzhou	同, 幫
	Hong Kong	同, 幫
	Yangjiang	替, 幐
Gan	Nanchang	跟, 幫
Hakka	Meixian	同, 代
Jin	Taiyuan	替, 給
Min Bei	Jian'ou	替, 幫
Min Dong	Fuzhou	替, 共
Min Nan	Xiamen	替, 共
	Quanzhou	共
	Zhangzhou	共
	Tainan	替, 共
	Chaozhou	代, 個
Wu	Suzhou	替, 搭
Wu	Wenzhou	代
Xiang	Changsha	幫, 跟, 代
Xiang	Shuangfeng	幫