弟子

Contents

ChineseEdit

		younger brother	child; son; (noun suff.) child; son; (noun suff.); small thing; midnight; 11 p.m.-1 a.m.; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch
simp. and trad. (弟子)		弟	子
alt. forms		弟仔 Min Bei
anagram		子弟

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dìzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dai⁶ zi²
• Min Nan (POJ): tē-chú / tě-chír
• Wu (Wiktionary): di tsr (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: dìzǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄗˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dihtzyy
    • IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dai⁶ zi²
    • Yale: daih jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dai⁶ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: dei⁶ ji²
    • IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯²² t͡siː³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-chú
    • Tâi-lô: tē-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dexzuo
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ t͡su⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /te³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tě-chír
    • Tâi-lô: tě-tsír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /te²² t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: di tsr (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /d̻i²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

NounEdit

弟子

1. disciple
2. (dialectal Mandarin, Min Bei, dialectal Wu) younger brother

SynonymsEdit

• (younger brother):

Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		弟
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		弟弟
Mandarin	Beijing	兄弟、弟弟
	Taiwan	弟弟
	Harbin	兄弟、弟弟
	Jinan	兄弟、弟弟
	Muping	兄兒、兄弟
	Luoyang	兄弟
	Jiedian	兄弟 male speaker、弟子 female speaker
	Xi'an	兄弟
	Xining	兄弟、弟弟
	Xuzhou	弟弟、兄弟
	Yinchuan	兄弟
	Ürümqi	弟弟、兄弟、富康子
	Wuhan	弟弟、兄弟
	Chengdu	弟娃兒、兄弟、弟弟
	Guiyang	弟、兄弟、弟弟 childish
	Liuzhou	弟、阿弟、老弟
	Yangzhou	兄弟、弟弟
	Nanjing	弟弟、兄弟
	Hefei	兄弟、弟弟
	Nantong	弟子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	細佬、弟弟
	Hong Kong	細佬、弟弟
	Dongguan	細佬、弟弟
	Taishan	細
	Yangjiang	小弟
Gan	Nanchang	老弟、兄弟
	Lichuan	弟
	Pingxiang	老弟
Hakka	Meixian	老弟、老弟仔
	Xingning	老弟、老弟里
	Huidong	老弟
	Qujiang	老弟
	Xiaosanjiang	老弟
	Changting	老弟
	Pingyu	老弟子
	Wuping	老弟
	Liancheng	老弟
	Ninghua	老弟
	Yudu	老弟
	Ruijin	老弟
	Shicheng	老弟
	Shangyou	老弟
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	老弟
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	老弟
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	老弟
	Dongshi (Dabu)	老弟
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	老弟
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	阿弟
Huizhou	Jixi	弟
Jin	Taiyuan	兄弟、弟弟
	Xinzhou	兄弟
Min Bei	Jian'ou	弟仔
Min Dong	Fuzhou	依弟 face-to-face、弟
Min Nan	Xiamen	小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
	Quanzhou	小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
	Zhangzhou	小弟、阿弟 face-to-face
	Taipei	小弟
	Kaohsiung	小弟
	Penang	小弟、adik
	Philippines (Manila)	小弟
	Chaozhou	阿弟
	Haikou	老弟 non-face-to-face、阿弟 face-to-face
	Leizhou	老弟
Pinghua	Nanning	老弟
Wu	Shanghai	弟弟、阿弟
	Suzhou	兄弟、弟弟
	Hangzhou	阿弟、弟弟
	Wenzhou	阿弟
	Chongming	兄弟
	Danyang	弟子
	Jinhua	弟
	Ningbo	阿弟、弟弟 face-to-face
Xiang	Changsha	老弟、弟弟
	Shuangfeng	老弟、弟弟
	Loudi	老弟

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JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
弟	子
てい Grade: 2	し Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 弟子 (/dei^X t͡sɨ^X/ ). Probably the initial borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) て​ーし [téꜜèshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [te̞ːɕi]

NounEdit

弟子 (hiragana ていし, rōmaji teishi)

1. a disciple, an apprentice
2. (Buddhism) on a mala or Buddhist rosary, the ten small beads closest to the end of the portion that hangs free from the largest bead

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
弟	子
で Grade: 2	し Grade: 1
on’yomi

Appears to be a shift from teishi above, adopting the 慣用音 (kan'yōon, “customary reading”) of de for the first character. This is now the most common reading for the disciple, apprentice sense.

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) でし​ [dèshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • IPA^(key): [de̞ɕi]

NounEdit

弟子 (hiragana でし, rōmaji deshi)

1. an apprentice, a disciple
   • Yamazaki, Kore, “第1篇　April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in 魔法使いの嫁The Ancient Magus Bride [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction, in Japanese), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 20:

     君きみを魔法使いぼくの弟で子しとして歓かん迎げいするよ　死の愛し仔スレイ・ベガ…いや　チセ

     Kimi o boku no deshi to shite kangeisuru yo Surei Bega… Iya Chise

     You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleih Beggey… I mean, Chise

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
弟	子
おと Grade: 2	こ > ご Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 弟 (oto, “younger”, cognate with 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”), itself from oto + 人 (hito, “person”)) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”). The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative formsEdit

• 乙子

PronunciationEdit

• Kun’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [o̞to̞ɡo̞]

NounEdit

弟子 (hiragana おとご, rōmaji otogo)

1. the youngest child
2. short for 弟子月 (otogo-zuki, “December” in the lunar calendar)

SynonymsEdit

(youngest child):

• 末 (ばっ)子 (し) (basshi)
• 末 (すえ)っ子 (こ) (suekko)

(December):

• 師 (し)走 (わす) (shiwasu) (old lunar calendar)
• 十 (じゅう)二 (に)月 (がつ) (jūnigatsu) (modern solar calendar)

ReferencesEdit