|
Translingual
editTraditional | 亞 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 亜 |
Simplified | 亚 |
Han character
edit亞 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一中中一 (MLLM), four-corner 10107, composition ⿴二⿰⿳丨一𠃑⿳𠃑一丨)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №506
Derived characters
edit- 俹, 啞, 埡, 婭, 孲, 𡹄, 𢛟, 掗, 𣵾, 椏, 𤦩, 𦜖, 𥏝, 䃁, 稏, 𥺼, 𦩒, 𠼞, 䛩, 𨁶, 錏, 𩜄, 𩤃, 𩩤, 𩸋, 䢝, 𩗽
- 㝞, 𦲕, 𥦳, 𠨣, 壼, 𥮳, 𠁏, 𠆊, 𠁕, 𩭯, 𢑹, 𡱻, 𢩔, 瘂, 氬, 堊, 𡹅, 惡, 𣇩, 𤊗, 琧, 𤲢, 蝁, 𣉩, 𩸖, 𠁐, 閸, 𡈀, 𬘃
- 𠜲, 𣂪, 㰳, 𫡷, 𤲾, 𩓩, 𬪿, 𩸇, 鵶, 𣛽, 𥉢, 𧓥, 𠠇, 斵, 𧢗, 𣤼
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 274
- Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 23, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4E9E
Chinese
edittrad. | 亞 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 亚 | |
alternative forms | 亜 𠀓 𠄮 俹/𱎫 䢝 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 亞 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Pictogram (象形): an overhead view of a construction, likely a 亞-shaped tomb. Perhaps borrowed phonetically to mean "second; inferior".
Etymology 1
editProbably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔrak (“inferior; dependent”), whence Tibetan རག (rag, “to depend on; subject; subservient; dependent”) (Bodman, 1980; Coblin, 1986).
Karlgren (1957) connects it to 惡 (OC *qaːɡ, “evil”), but Schuessler (2007) considers this to be unlikely due to the semantics.
The shangsheng pronunciation in Mandarin (yǎ) is a result of influence from the pronunciation of 啞/哑 (yǎ), whose written form contains 亞 as a component (Fu, 1958).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): a4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yà
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yǎ
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: aˊ
- Sinological IPA: /a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: a4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: a̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- a, ah - vernacular;
- à - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'aeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤrak-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraːɡs/
Definitions
edit亞
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a house (four walls & windows, seen from above)
- second; inferior
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 婭 / 娅
- a surname
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia3
- Northern Min (KCR): ngā
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yà
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yà
- Wade–Giles: ya4
- Yale: yà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yǎ
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎ
- Wade–Giles: ya3
- Yale: yǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yea
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: á / â
- Hakka Romanization System: aˋ / aˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a3 / a1
- Sinological IPA: /a³¹/, /a²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: aˊ / aˋ
- Sinological IPA: /a²⁴/, /a⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngā
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ia4
- Sinological IPA (key): /i̯a̠⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
Definitions
edit亞
- Used in transcription.
Descendants
editEtymology 3
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yā
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ya
- Wade–Giles: ya1
- Yale: yā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa3
- Yale: a
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa3
- Guangdong Romanization: a3
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: a1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: a
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
edit亞
Etymology 4
editPronunciation
edit- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): aa3
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: aa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
Definitions
edit亞
- (Nanning Pinghua) this
- 亞件衫/亚件衫 [Nanning Pinghua] ― aa3 gyun6 saam1 [Jyutping++] ― this shirt
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 中亞 / 中亚 (Zhōngyà)
- 中亞細亞 / 中亚细亚 (Zhōng-Yàxìyà)
- 亞丁 / 亚丁 (Yàdīng)
- 亞丁灣 / 亚丁湾 (Yàdīngwān)
- 亞伯拉罕 / 亚伯拉罕 (Yàbólāhǎn)
- 亞元 / 亚元
- 亞加狄亞 / 亚加狄亚
- 亞匹 / 亚匹
- 亞卿 / 亚卿
- 亞喬木 / 亚乔木
- 亞塞拜然 / 亚塞拜然
- 亞太地區 / 亚太地区
- 亞於 / 亚于 (yàyú)
- 亞東 / 亚东 (yàdōng)
- 亞松森 / 亚松森 (Yàsōngsēn)
- 亞格拉 / 亚格拉
- 亞歲 / 亚岁
- 亞洲 / 亚洲 (Yàzhōu)
- 亞洲鐵人 / 亚洲铁人
- 亞熱帶 / 亚热带 (yàrèdài)
- 亞父 / 亚父
- 亞爾薩斯 / 亚尔萨斯
- 亞特拉斯 / 亚特拉斯
- 亞特蘭大 / 亚特兰大 (Yàtèlándà)
- 亞獻 / 亚献
- 亞瑟王 / 亚瑟王 (Yàsè Wáng)
- 亞瓦格 / 亚瓦格 (yàwǎgé)
- 亞當 / 亚当 (Yàdāng)
- 亞當斯密 / 亚当斯密
- 亞硫酐 / 亚硫酐
- 亞硫酸 / 亚硫酸 (yàliúsuān)
- 亞硝酸 / 亚硝酸 (yàxiāosuān)
- 亞硝酸鹽 / 亚硝酸盐 (yàxiāosuānyán)
- 亞科瑞克 / 亚科瑞克 (yàkēruìkè)
- 亞米契斯 / 亚米契斯
- 亞細亞洲 / 亚细亚洲 (Yàxìyà Zhōu)
- 亞美利加 / 亚美利加 (Yàměilìjiā)
- 亞美尼亞 / 亚美尼亚 (Yàměiníyà)
- 亞聖 / 亚圣 (yàshèng)
- 亞肩疊背 / 亚肩叠背
- 亞腰葫蘆 / 亚腰葫芦
- 亞膠 / 亚胶
- 亞蔬中心 / 亚蔬中心
- 亞衛一號 / 亚卫一号
- 亞裔 / 亚裔 (yàyì)
- 亞軍 / 亚军 (yàjūn)
- 亞述帝國 / 亚述帝国
- 亞速群島 / 亚速群岛
- 亞運 / 亚运 (Yàyùn)
- 亞馬孫河 / 亚马孙河 (Yàmǎsūn Hé)
- 亞麻 / 亚麻 (yàmá)
- 亞麻仁油 / 亚麻仁油
- 以利亞 / 以利亚 (Yǐlìyà)
- 以賽亞 / 以赛亚 (Yǐsàiyà)
- 伊利亞德 / 伊利亚德
- 低亞 / 低亚
- 保加利亞 / 保加利亚 (Bǎojiālìyà)
- 克拉斯諾亞爾斯克 / 克拉斯诺亚尔斯克 (Kèlāsīnuòyà'ěrsīkè)
- 內亞 / 内亚 (Nèiyà)
- 利比亞 / 利比亚 (Lìbǐyà)
- 匹亞 / 匹亚
- 半亞 / 半亚
- 南亞 / 南亚 (Nányà)
- 厄利垂亞 / 厄利垂亚 (Èlìchuíyà)
- 吉亞 / 吉亚 (Jíyà)
- 周亞夫 / 周亚夫
- 哈利路亞 / 哈利路亚 (hālìlùyà)
- 哥倫比亞 / 哥伦比亚 (Gēlúnbǐyà)
- 喬治亞 / 乔治亚 (Qiáozhìyà)
- 圭亞那 / 圭亚那 (Guīyànà)
- 坦尚尼亞 / 坦尚尼亚 (Tǎnshàngníyà)
- 塞爾維亞 / 塞尔维亚
- 塔非亞酒 / 塔非亚酒
- 大亞灣 / 大亚湾 (Dàyàwān)
- 奈及利亞 / 奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 奧依亞依拉克 / 奥依亚依拉克 (Àoyīyà Yīlākè)
- 奧林比亞 / 奥林比亚
- 小亞細亞 / 小亚细亚
- 尚比亞 / 尚比亚 (Shàngbǐyà)
- 岡比亞 / 冈比亚 (Gāngbǐyà)
- 巴伐利亞 / 巴伐利亚
- 巴波亞 / 巴波亚 (bābōyà)
- 巴西利亞 / 巴西利亚 (Bāxīlìyà)
- 布亞 / 布亚 (Bùyà)
- 布爾喬亞 / 布尔乔亚 (bù'ěrqiáoyà)
- 布里亞族
- 希斯亞德 / 希斯亚德
- 帕提亞 / 帕提亚 (Pàtíyà)
- 幾內亞 / 几内亚
- 幾內亞灣 / 几内亚湾
- 彌賽亞 / 弥赛亚 (Mísàiyà)
- 德佛亞克 / 德佛亚克
- 愛奧尼亞 / 爱奥尼亚
- 愛沙尼亞 / 爱沙尼亚 (Àishāníyà)
- 披亞諾 / 披亚诺
- 拔爾波亞 / 拔尔波亚
- 拉脫維亞 / 拉脱维亚 (Lātuōwéiyà)
- 斯里賈亞瓦德納普拉科特 / 斯里贾亚瓦德纳普拉科特 (Sīlǐ Jiǎyàwǎdénàpǔlā Kētè)
- 東亞 / 东亚 (Dōngyà)
- 東北亞 / 东北亚 (Dōngběiyà)
- 東南亞 / 东南亚 (Dōngnányà)
- 柯克亞 / 柯克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 栝矢亞 / 栝矢亚
- 歐亞 / 欧亚
- 歐亞大陸 / 欧亚大陆
- 毛里塔尼亞 (Máolǐtǎníyà)
- 汎亞 / 泛亚
- 沈亞之
- 波士尼亞 / 波士尼亚 (Bōshìníyà)
- 波希米亞 / 波希米亚 (Bōxīmǐyà)
- 流亞 / 流亚 (liúyà)
- 澳大利亞 / 澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà)
- 熱那亞 / 热那亚 (Rènàyà)
- 玻利維亞 / 玻利维亚 (Bōlìwéiyà)
- 瑪利亞 / 玛利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
- 甘比亞 / 甘比亚 (Gānbǐyà)
- 科克亞 / 科克亚 (Kēkèyà)
- 突尼西亞 / 突尼西亚
- 索馬利亞 / 索马利亚 (Suǒmǎlìyà)
- 維吉尼亞 / 维吉尼亚 (Wéijíníyà)
- 罷亞 / 罢亚
- 羅亞爾河 / 罗亚尔河
- 羅德西亞 / 罗德西亚 (Luódéxīyà)
- 羅馬尼亞 / 罗马尼亚 (Luómǎníyà)
- 聖露西亞 / 圣露西亚 (Shènglùxīyà)
- 肯亞 / 肯亚 (Kěnyà)
- 莎士比亞 / 莎士比亚 (Shāshìbǐyà)
- 蒙古利亞 / 蒙古利亚
- 衣索比亞 / 衣索比亚 (Yīsuǒbǐyà)
- 西亞 / 西亚 (Xīyà)
- 西伯利亞 / 西伯利亚 (Xībólìyà)
- 西利西亞 / 西利西亚
- 諾亞 / 诺亚 (Nuòyà)
- 賴比瑞亞 / 赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà)
- 那密比亞 / 那密比亚
- 阿亞圖拉 / 阿亚图拉 (āyàtúlā)
- 阿摩尼亞 / 阿摩尼亚 (āmóníyà)
- 馬來亞 / 马来亚 (Mǎláiyà)
- 馬來西亞 / 马来西亚 (Mǎláixīyà)
- 馬利亞 / 马利亚 (Mǎlìyà)
References
edit- “亞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00057
Japanese
edit亜 | |
亞 |
Kanji
edit(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 亜)
- rank
- follow
- sub- prefix
Readings
editDefinitions
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 亞 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 亞, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Usage notes
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 亞 (MC 'aeH).
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅡᆼ〮 (Yale: qá) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Early Modern Korean 아 (Yale: a) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.
Pronunciation
edit- (phonetic element in transliterations):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [아]
- (second; sub-; ranking next; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [a̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [아(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
edit- hanja form? of 아 (“second; sub-”)
- hanja form? of 아 (“ranking next; coming after”)
- hanja form? of 아 : Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean) (abbreviation)
- hanja form? of 아 (“used as a prefix to names”)
Compounds
editProper noun
editHanja in this term |
---|
亞 |
- (in headlines) Clipping of 亞細亞 (Asea): Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)
Usage notes
editA common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)
- Asiatic
References
edit- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Shuowen radicals
- Han pictograms
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Puxian Min lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Puxian Min hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
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- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Puxian Min proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
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- Middle Chinese proper nouns
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
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- zh:Asia
- zh:Continents and continental regions
- Chinese prefixes
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- ko:Asia
- ko:Continents and continental regions
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- vi:Asia
- vi:Continents and continental regions