刮

See also: 颳

刮	U+522E, 刮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-522E

← 刭
[U+522D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

刯 →
[U+522F]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

刮 (radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹口中弓 (HRLN), four-corner 2260₀, composition ⿰舌刂)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 138, character 29
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1943
Dae Jaweon: page 314, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 335, character 3
Unihan data for U+522E

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (桰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
咶	qʰroːds, qʰroːds, *ɡroːd
話	*ɡroːds
刮	*kroːd
鴰	kroːd, koːd
趏	kroːd, kʰroːd
舌	ɡroːd, ɦbljed
姡	ɡroːd, ɡoːd
頢	ɡroːd, koːd
括	*koːd
活	koːd, ɡoːd
适	koːd, kʰoːd
栝	koːd, l̥ʰeːmʔ
佸	koːd, ɡoːd
髺	*koːd
聒	*koːd
銛	koːd, slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
葀	*koːd
懖	*koːd
筈	koːd, kʰoːd
萿	*koːd
蛞	*kʰoːd
闊	*kʰoːd
秳	*ɡoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːd): phonetic 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		刮

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): guā (gua¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): гуа (gua, II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaat³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): koat
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): koat / koah / kuih / koeh / khe / khoe

(Teochew, Peng'im): guêh⁴ / guah⁴ / huah⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): kuaq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: guā
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
  - Wade–Giles: kua¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gua
  - IPA ^(key): /kwä˥/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: гуа (gua, II)
  - IPA ^(key): /kua˥˩/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwaat³
  - Yale: gwaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwaat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: guad³
  - IPA ^(key): /kʷäːt˧/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koat
  - Hakka Romanization System: guad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: guad⁵
  - IPA: /ku̯at̚˨/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koat
  - Tâi-lô: kuat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koad
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuat˥/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuat˧˨/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koah
  - Tâi-lô: kuah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koaq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuaʔ˥/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuaʔ˧˨/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kuih
  - Tâi-lô: kuih
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kuiq
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kuiʔ˧˨/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koeh
  - Tâi-lô: kueh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koeq
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kueʔ˧˨/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khe
  - Tâi-lô: khe
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qef
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kʰe˦˦/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoe
  - Tâi-lô: khue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoef
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰue˧˧/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰue˦˦/

Note:

koat - literary;
koah - vernacular;
kuih/koeh - vernacular (俗);
khe/khoe - 磎 is used in the Mainland.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: guêh⁴ / guah⁴ / huah⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kueh / kuah / huah
- IPA ^(key): /kueʔ²/, /kuaʔ²/, /huaʔ²/

Note:

guah4 - equivalent to 颳;
huah4 - dialectal ("to sharpen").

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: kuaq (T4)
- IPA ^(key): /kɯa̱ʔ˥/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 刮
Mandarin	Beijing	/kua˥˥/
	Harbin	/kua˨˩˧/ ～風 /kʰua˦˦/ ～鬍子
	Tianjin	/kuɑ˩˧/
	Jinan	/kua˨˩˧/ /kʰua˨˩˧/ ～臉
	Qingdao	/kua˥˥/ ～風 /kʰua˥˥/ ～臉
	Zhengzhou	/kua˨˦/
	Xi'an	/kua˨˩/
	Xining	/kua˦˦/
	Yinchuan	/kua˩˧/
	Lanzhou	/kua˩˧/
	Ürümqi	/kua˨˩˧/
	Wuhan	/kua˨˩˧/
	Chengdu	/kua˧˩/
	Guiyang	/kua˨˩/
	Kunming	/kua̠˧˩/
	Nanjing	/kuɑʔ˥/
	Hefei	/kuɐʔ˥/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuaʔ˨/
	Pingyao	/kuʌʔ˩˧/ ～風 /kuɑ˩˧/ ～鬍子
	Hohhot	/kuaʔ˦˧/ ～風 /kua˧˩/ 耳～子
Wu	Shanghai	/kuaʔ˥/
	Suzhou	/kuaʔ˥/
	Hangzhou	/kuɑʔ˥/
	Wenzhou	/ko˨˩˧/
Hui	Shexian	/kuaʔ˨˩/
Hui	Tunxi	/kuːə˥/
Xiang	Changsha	/kua˨˦/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kuɒ˨˦/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuaʔ˥/
Hakka	Meixian	/kuat̚˩/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kuɑt̚˨˨/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwat̚˧/
	Nanning	/kʷat̚˧˧/
	Hong Kong	/kwat̚˧/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kuat̚˧˨/ /kuaʔ˧˨/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɑʔ˨˧/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kua˨˦/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kuaʔ˨/ /kueʔ˨/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kuak̚˥/

Middle Chinese: /kˠuat̚/▼

Rime
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	黠 (72)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古䫄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠuat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/kuat̚/
Wang Li	/kwat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gua

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʷˤ]r[a]t/

(Zhengzhang): /*kroːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guā
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæt ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʷˁ]r[a]t/
English	scrape (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
No.	7559
Phonetic component	桰
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	刮
Old Chinese	/*kroːd/

DefinitionsEdit

刮

to shave; to pare off; to scrape
唔小心畀啲嘢刮嚫 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
m⁴ siu² sam¹ bei² di¹ je⁵ gwaat³ can¹ [Jyutping]
to accidentally scrape oneself on something
Alternative form of 颳／刮 (guā, “to blow”).
to wipe; to wipe clean
to plunder; to extort
(colloquial) to reprimand; to scold

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 刮 – see 颳 (“to blow”). (This character, 刮, is the simplified form of 颳.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

On (unclassified): かつ (katsu); けち (kechi)
Kun: けずる (kezuru); きさぐ (kisagu, 刮ぐ); きさげ (kisage); こそぐ (kosogu, 刮ぐ); こそげる (kosogeru, 刮げる)

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

刮 • (gwal) (hangeul 괄)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

刮

Contents