刮

See also: 颳

TranslingualEdit

EtymologyEdit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːd): phonetic 𠯑 + semantic 刀 ‎(“knife”)

Han characterEdit

刮 (radical 18 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹口中弓 (HRLN), four-corner 2260₀, composition ⿰舌刂)

shave, pare off, scrape
to blow (simplified from 颳)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 138, character 29
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1943
Dae Jaweon: page 314, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 335, character 3
Unihan data for U+522E

ChineseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		刮

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guā (gua¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaat³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): koat
Min Nan (POJ): koah / koeh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: guā
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
  - Wade-Giles: kua¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
  - IPA ^(key): /ku̯a̠⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwaat³
  - Yale: gwaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwaat⁸
  - IPA ^(key): /kʷɑːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koat
  - Hakka Romanization System: guad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: guad⁵
  - IPA: /ku̯at̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koah / koeh
  - Tâi-lô: kuah / kueh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koaq, koeq
  - IPA (Taipei): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuaʔ³²/, /kueʔ³²/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 刮
Mandarin	Beijing	/kua⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kua²¹³/ ～風 /kʰua⁴⁴/ ～鬍子
	Tianjin	/kuɑ¹³/
	Jinan	/kua²¹³/ /kʰua²¹³/ ～臉
	Qingdao	/kua⁵⁵/ ～風 /kʰua⁵⁵/ ～臉
	Zhengzhou	/kua²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kua²¹/
	Xining	/kua⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kua¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kua¹³/
	Ürümqi	/kua²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kua²¹³/
	Chengdu	/kua³¹/
	Guiyang	/kua²¹/
	Kunming	/kua̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/kuɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/kuʌʔ¹³/ ～風 /kuɑ¹³/ ～鬍子
	Hohhot	/kuaʔ⁴³/ ～風 /kua³¹/ 耳～子
Wu	Shanghai	/kuaʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/kuaʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kuɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ko²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kuaʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/kuːə⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/kua²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kuɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuaʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kuat̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kuɑt̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwat̚³/
	Nanning	/kʷat̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/kwat̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kuat̚³²/ /kuaʔ³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kua²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kuaʔ²/ /kueʔ²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kuak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kˠuat̚/▼

Rime
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	黠 (72)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古䫄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠuat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/kuat̚/
Wang Li	/kwat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gua

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*[kʷˤ]r[a]t/

(Zhengzhang): /*kroːd/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guā
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæt ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʷˤ]r[a]t/
English	scrape (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刮
Reading #	1/1
No.	7559
Phonetic component	桰
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	刮
Old Chinese	/*kroːd/

DefinitionsEdit

刮

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 刮 – see 颳. (This character, 刮, is the simplified form of 颳.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

On: かつ (katsu), けち (kechi)
Kun: けずる (kezuru), きさぐ (kisagu), きさげ (kisage), こそぐ (kosogu), こそげる (kosogeru)

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

刮 • ‎(gwal) (hangeul 괄, revised gwal, McCune-Reischauer kwal)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

刮

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