Wiktionary

刮

See also: 颳
刮 U+522E, 刮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-522E
← 刭
[U+522D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刯 →
[U+522F]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

刮 (radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹口中弓 (HRLN), four-corner 22600, composition ⿰舌刂)

Derived charactersEdit

Further readingEdit

  • KangXi: page 138, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1943
  • Dae Jaweon: page 314, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 335, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+522E

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (桰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
咶 *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd
話 *ɡroːds
刮 *kroːd
鴰 *kroːd, *koːd
趏 *kroːd, *kʰroːd
舌 *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed
姡 *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd
頢 *ɡroːd, *koːd
括 *koːd
活 *koːd, *ɡoːd
适 *koːd, *kʰoːd
栝 *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
佸 *koːd, *ɡoːd
髺 *koːd
聒 *koːd
銛 *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
葀 *koːd
懖 *koːd
筈 *koːd, *kʰoːd
萿 *koːd
蛞 *kʰoːd
闊 *kʰoːd
秳 *ɡoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kroːd): phonetic 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.
 刮
alternative forms 𠜜
劀

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • koat - literary;
  • koah - vernacular;
  • kuih/koeh - vernacular (俗);
  • khe/khoe - 磎 is used in the Mainland.
Note:
  • guah4 - equivalent to 颳;
  • huah4 - dialectal ("to sharpen").
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 刮
    Mandarin Beijing /kua⁵⁵/
    Harbin /kua²¹³/ ～風
    /kʰua⁴⁴/ ～鬍子
    Tianjin /kuɑ¹³/
    Jinan /kua²¹³/
    /kʰua²¹³/ ～臉
    Qingdao /kua⁵⁵/ ～風
    /kʰua⁵⁵/ ～臉
    Zhengzhou /kua²⁴/
    Xi'an /kua²¹/
    Xining /kua⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /kua¹³/
    Lanzhou /kua¹³/
    Ürümqi /kua²¹³/
    Wuhan /kua²¹³/
    Chengdu /kua³¹/
    Guiyang /kua²¹/
    Kunming /kua̠³¹/
    Nanjing /kuɑʔ⁵/
    Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /kuaʔ²/
    Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/ ～風
    /kuɑ¹³/ ～鬍子
    Hohhot /kuaʔ⁴³/ ～風
    /kua³¹/ 耳～子
    Wu Shanghai /kuaʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /kuaʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /kuɑʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /kuaʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /kuːə⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /kua²⁴/
    Xiangtan /kuɒ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /kuaʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /kuat̚¹/
    Taoyuan /kuɑt̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kwat̚³/
    Nanning /kʷat̚³³/
    Hong Kong /kwat̚³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kuat̚³²/
    /kuaʔ³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɑʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kua²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /kuaʔ²/
    /kueʔ²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /kuak̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 刮
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 黠 (72)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古䫄切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠuat̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʷᵚat̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kuɐt̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kwaɨt̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/kuat̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/kwat̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kwăt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		gua
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gwaat3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 刮
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		guā
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kwæt ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[kʷˁ]r[a]t/
    English scrape (v.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 刮
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7559
    Phonetic
    component         		桰
    Rime
    group         		月
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		刮
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kroːd/

    DefinitionsEdit

    刮

    1. to shave; to pare off; to scrape
      唔小心畀啲嘢刮嚫 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      m4 siu2 sam1 bei2 di1 je5 gwaat3 can1 [Jyutping]
      to accidentally scrape oneself on something
    2. Alternative form of 颳／刮 (guā, “to blow”).
    3. to wipe; to sweep
    4. to plunder; to extort
    5. (colloquial) to reprimand; to scold

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of 刮 – see 颳 (“to blow”).
    (This character, 刮, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 颳.)
    Notes:

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    刮

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese 刮 (MC kˠuat̚).

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    刮 (eumhun 깎을 괄 (kkakkeul gwal))

    1. Hanja form? of 괄 (“to cut; to shave; to peel”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    VietnameseEdit

    Alternative formsEdit

    Han characterEdit

    刮: Hán Việt readings: quát[2][1][3]
    刮: Nôm readings: quát[1][3][4]

    1. Hán tự form of quát (“to scrape off; to pare; to make thin”).
    2. Nôm form of quát (“to shout; to storm; to yell”).

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bonet (1899).
    2. ^ Trần (2004).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Génibrel (1898).
    4. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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