Translingual

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Symbol

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ik

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Inupiaq.

English

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Phrase

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ik

  1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative letter-case form of IK.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. (Cape Afrikaans or archaic) Alternative form of ek

Albanian

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Verb

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ik

  1. second-person singular imperative of iki

Angguruk Yali

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Noun

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ik

  1. water

References

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Bergish

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Alternative forms

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  • ek (Barmen (Wuppertal))

Pronoun

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ik

  1. (Mölmsch) I (first person pronoun)

Further reading

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  • H. K. vam Hingberg (that's H. Kühne), Ut auler un neier Tied. Erzählungen in niederdeutscher Mundart [From old and new times (in Low Franconian, more specifically Mölmsch). Stories in Low German dialect (in Standard High German)], 1872 (vol. I)

Danish

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Adverb

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ik

  1. Alternative form of ik'

Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch ic, from Old Dutch ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare German ich, Low German ik, West Frisian ik, English I, Danish jeg. See I (English, etymology 3).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (stressed) /ɪk/, (unstressed) /ək/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ik
  • Rhymes: -ɪk

Pronoun

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ik

  1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: ek
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: eke
  • Jersey Dutch: äk
  • Petjo: ik
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: ek

References

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  1. ^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “ik”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN

German Low German

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Alternative forms

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  • (enclitic) -'k, 'k
  • (Waldeckisch, when strongly emphasised; scientific spelling) ikə
  • ick
  • (as alternative form of ick, enclitic) 'ck
  • (as alternative form of ick, when strongly emphasised, rare) icke
  • (Eastphalia, Lippe, County of Mark, Ruhr area) ek, eck
  • (Low Prussian) öck, eck

Etymology

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From Middle Low German ik, from Old Saxon ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. (most northern and western dialects) I (first person singular pronoun)
    Ik kem, ik sach, ik wünd.
    I came, I saw, I conquered. (Veni, vidi, vici. Attributed to Julius Caesar.)

Declension

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In Störmede:[1]

1st person 2nd person 3rd person
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Nominative ik diu hoi soi iät
(Genitive) (van meune) (van deune) (van seune) (van iähre) (van seune)
Dative meu deu iähne iähr iähne
Accusative soi iät
Plural Nominative weu jeu soi
(Genitive) (van use) (van jiue) (van iähre)
Dative us jiu iähnen
Accusative soi
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  • mien (my, mine, possessive); mi (me, dative (also generally used in place of the accusative)); mik; wi pl (we)
  • Sauerländisch: mey, mik
  • Paderbornisch: mey/my, mik; plural: wey/wy

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Franz Kemper: Stürmeder Platt: Wi et lutt düt un dat. 1998, p. 18

Gothic

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Romanization

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ik

  1. Romanization of 𐌹𐌺

Iberian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unknown. Potentially can be related to Basque hi (you)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. my (firt person singular possesive)
    teŕ ke kin eŕ tin ik u
    A powerful achievement to complete my aspirations
  2. self
    baŕ kar baŕ ka ik e
    Outstanding authority, the result of outstanding self-control
  3. own
    lokaŕ ik ge etan
    within reach through (her) own effort

References

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  • Villamor, Fernando (2020) A basic dictionary and grammar of the Iberian language

Kaqchikel

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Noun

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ik

  1. sun
  2. chili

Kiautschou German Pidgin

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. I (first person singular pronoun)

Latvian

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Adverb

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ik

  1. every

Marshallese

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Noun

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ik

  1. Alternative spelling of ek

Middle English

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Etymology

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From Old English ic, perhaps with influence from Old Norse ek; both from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (I).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. (chiefly Northern dialectal) Alternative form of I
    • circa 1300, Homilies:
      Forthi wil I of my pouert, Schau sum thing that ik haf in hert, [...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • circa 1300, Cursor Mundi:
      Her ik haf a litil spend, In word eftir þat ik entend, [...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • circa 1390, Chaucer:
      But ik am oold me list not pleye for age.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

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Middle Low German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Saxon ik

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. I (first person singular nominative)

Declension

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Middle Low German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik (ek) (, mik, mek) mîn (mîner)
2nd person (, dik, dek) dîn (dîner)
3rd person m (, hie) ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) ēme, em (ȫme, en) sîn (sîner)
n it (et)
f (, sie, sü̂) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
plural 1st person (, wie) uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) unser (ûser)
2nd person (, î) (jûwe, û, jük, gik) jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person (, sie) em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)

For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

Descendants

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Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ˈik/

Noun

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ik

  1. tail

Inflection

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Possessive forms of ik (tight inalienable possession, -i stem)
singular
possessor
first person ikihoa
second person ikimwen
third person ikin
dual
possessors
first person inclusive ikisa
first person exclusive ikima
second person ikimwa
third person ikira
plural
possessors
first person inclusive ikisai
first person exclusive ikimai
second person ikimwai
third person ikirai
remote plural
possessors
first person inclusive ikihs
first person exclusive ikimi
second person ikimwi
third person ikihr
construct form ikin

North Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Compare Dutch ik, German Low German ik, German ich, English I, Danish jeg.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring, Sylt)

  1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)

Alternative forms

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  • 'k (reduced form)

See also

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Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine referent feminine / neuter referent plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi man min minen
2nd di dan din dinen
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin sinen
f or n hat at, 't at, 't
plural 1st wi 'f üs üüs üüsen
üsens
2nd jam 'm jam jau jauen
jamens
3rd jo 's jo 's hör hören
hörens
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine  / hör.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
  • The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine
referent
feminine / neuter / plural
referent
full reduced full reduced
singular 1st ik 'k me man min
2nd de dan din
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin
f 's har 's harn har
n hat et, 't ham et, 't san sin
plural 1st we üs üüsen üüs
2nd jam 'm jam jarnge
3rd ja 's ja, jam 's jare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case singular
referent
plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi min minen
2nd di din dinen
3rd m hi 'r höm 'n sin sinen
f 's höör 's höör höören
n hat et, 't höm et, 't sin sinen
dual 1st wat unk unk unken
2nd at junk junk junken
3rd jat jam 's jaar jaaren
plural 1st üüs üüs üüsen
2nd i juu juu juuen
3rd ja 's jam 's jaar jaaren
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Old Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *ik.

Pronoun

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ik

  1. I
    • c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]:
      In ne kēre antsceine thīn fan cnapin thīnin wanda ic gewītenot wirthon sniumo gihōri mī
      And hide not thy face from thy servant; for I am in trouble: hear me speedily. (Psalms 69:17; KJV)

Declension

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • ik”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Compare Old English , Old Saxon ik, Old Dutch ik, Old High German ih, Old Norse ek, Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).

Pronoun

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ik (accusative , genitive mīn, dative )

  1. I

Declension

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Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik mīn
2nd person thū thī thī thīn
3rd
person
m hine him sīn
f hiū, hiō hiā hire, hiāre hire, hiāre
n hit hit him sīn
plural 1st person ūs ūs ūser
2nd person , , jūwer
3rd person hiā hiā him, hirem, hiārem hira, hiāra

Descendants

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  • North Frisian: ick, ik
  • Saterland Frisian: iek
  • West Frisian: ik

Old Saxon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Compare Old Dutch ik, Old Frisian ik, Old English , Old High German ih, Old Norse ek, Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).

Pronoun

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ik

  1. I
    • 9th c. Heliand, verse 1977
      ...thene williu ek eft ōgean far [ōgun godes],...
      ...I want to show him again in front of God's eyes...

Declension

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Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
singular 1st person ik , me, mik mīn
2nd person thū thī, thik thī thīn
3rd
person
m ina imu is
f siu sia iru ira
n it it is
dual 1st person wit unk unkero, unka
2nd person git ink inker, inka
plural 1st person , we ūs, unsik ūs ūser
2nd person , ge eu, iu, iuu euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
3rd
person
m sia im iro
f sia
n siu

Descendants

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  • Middle Low German: ik, ek

Pass Valley Yali

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Noun

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ik

  1. water

References

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Pwaamèi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *kutu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu, from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.

Noun

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ik

  1. louse

References

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  • Jim Hollyman, K. J. Hollyman, Études sur les langues du Nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (1999), page 52

Salar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *īk. Cognate with Azerbaijani iy, Turkish , Turkmen īk.

Pronunciation

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  • (Shixiang, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [ix]

Noun

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ik

  1. spindle

References

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  • Potanin, G.N. (1893) “их”, in Тангутско-Тибетская окраина Китая и Центральная Монголия (in Russian), page 427

Tobian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *Sikan.

Noun

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ik

  1. Fish

Alternative forms

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Vandalic

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If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *ek

Pronoun

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ik

  1. I

References

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Wastek

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Noun

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ik

  1. wind

References

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West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. I (first person singular nominative pronoun)

Inflection

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West Frisian personal pronouns and possessives
personal possessive
subject case object case determiner pronoun
normal reflexive
singular 1st ik my mysels myn mines
2nd informal do, 1 dy dysels dyn dines
formal jo jo josels jo jowes
3rd m hy him himsels syn sines
f sy, hja1 har harsels har harres
n it it himsels syn sines
plural 1st wy ús ússels ús uzes
2nd jim(me) jim(me) jimsels, jinsels jim(me) jimmes
3rd sy, hja1 har(ren) harsels har(ren) harres

1 Now mostly archaic and unused.

Further reading

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  • ik (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Woiwurrung

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Determiner

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ik

  1. First-person singular possessive determiner. See Appendix:Possessive#English.
    1. liwikik. [1]
    2. wurrungik.[1]

References

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Zealandic

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Pronoun

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ik

  1. I