stroke
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /stɹəʊk/
- (General American) enPR: strōk, IPA(key): /stɹoʊk/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊk
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English stroke, strok, strak, from Old English strāc (“stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straik (“stroke”), from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (“stroke”), from Proto-Indo-European *streyg- (“stroke; to strike”). Cognate with Scots strak, strake, straik (“stroke, blow”), Middle Low German strēk (“stroke, trick, prank”), German Streich (“stroke”). In its British sense as a name for the slash ⟨ / ⟩, a contraction of oblique stroke, a variant of oblique originally employed in telegraphy.
Alternative formsEdit
- stroak (obsolete)
NounEdit
stroke (plural strokes)
- An act of stroking (moving one's hand over a surface).
- She gave the cat a stroke.
- A blow or hit.
- a stroke on the chin
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Deuteronomy 19:5:
- His hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree.
- 1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, OCLC 1086746628:
- He likewise entered and won in effect the whole kingdom of Naples itself, without striking stroke.
- A single movement with a tool.
- (golf) A single act of striking at the ball with a club. Also, at matchplay, a shot deducted from a player's score at a hole as a result of a handicapping system.
- (tennis) The hitting of a ball with a racket, or the movement of the racket and arm that produces that impact.
- (rowing) The movement of an oar or paddle through water, either the pull which actually propels the vessel or a single entire cycle of movement including the pull.
- (cricket) The action of hitting the ball with the bat; a shot.
- A thrust as of a piston or of the penis during sexual intercourse.
- An act of striking with a weapon
- One of a series of beats or movements against a resisting medium, by means of which movement through or upon it is accomplished.
- the stroke of a bird's wing in flying, or of an oar in rowing
- the stroke of a skater, swimmer, etc.
- A powerful or sudden effort by which something is done, produced, or accomplished; also, something done or accomplished by such an effort.
- a stroke of genius; a stroke of business; a master stroke of policy
- A line drawn with a pen or other writing implement, particularly:
- (UK, typography) The slash, /.
- 2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 2:
- Subject: Fire. Dear Sir-stroke-Madam: I am writing to inform you of a fire which has broken out at the premises of... No. That's too formal.
- 2006 Feb. 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 2:
- (Unicode, typography) The formal name of the individual horizontal strikethroughs (as in A̶ and A̵).
- (linguistics) A line of a Chinese, Japanese or Korean character.
- (UK, typography) The slash, /.
- A streak made with a brush.
- The time when a clock strikes.
- on the stroke of midnight
- 2012 May 9, John Percy, “Birmingham City 2 Blackpool 2 (2-3 on agg): match report”, in the Telegraph:
- Already guarding a 1-0 lead from the first leg, Blackpool inched further ahead when Stephen Dobbie scored from an acute angle on the stroke of half-time. The game appeared to be completely beyond Birmingham’s reach three minutes into the second period when Matt Phillips reacted quickly to bundle the ball past Colin Doyle and off a post.
- (swimming) A style, a single movement within a style.
- butterfly stroke
- 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
- Old Applegate, in the stern, just set and looked at me, and Lord James, amidship, waved both arms and kept hollering for help. I took a couple of everlasting big strokes and managed to grab hold of the skiff's rail, close to the stern.
- (medicine) The loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted.
- suffer a stroke
- (obsolete) A sudden attack of any disease, especially when fatal; any sudden, severe affliction or calamity.
- a stroke of apoplexy; the stroke of death
- 1767, Walter Harte, Eulogius: Or, The Charitable Mason:
- At this one stroke the man look'd dead in law.
- (rowing) The oar nearest the stern of a boat, by which the other oars are guided.
- (rowing) The rower who is nearest the stern of the boat.
- (professional wrestling) Backstage influence.
- (squash (sport)) A point awarded to a player in case of interference or obstruction by the opponent.
- (sciences) An individual discharge of lightning.
- A flash of lightning may be made up of several strokes. If they are separated by enough time for the eye to distinguish them, the lightning will appear to flicker.
- (obsolete) The result or effect of a striking; injury or affliction; soreness.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Isaiah 30:26:
- in the day that the Lord bindeth up the breach of his people, and healeth the stroke of their wound
- An addition or amendment to a written composition; a touch[from 17th century].
- to give some finishing strokes to an essay
- A throb or beat, as of the heart.
- 1847, Alfred Tennyson, “(please specify the page number, or |part=Prologue, I to VII, or conclusion)”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], OCLC 2024748:
- The two - cell'd heart beating , with one full stroke
- Power; influence.
- 1551, Thomas More, “(please specify the Internet Archive page)”, in Raphe Robynson [i.e., Ralph Robinson], transl., A Fruteful, and Pleasaunt Worke of the Best State of a Publyque Weale, and of the Newe Yle Called Utopia: […], London: […] [Steven Mierdman for] Abraham Vele, […], OCLC 1180784885:
- where money beareth all the stroke
- 1700, [John] Dryden, “Preface”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:
- He has a great stroke with the reader.
- 1993, Dana Stabenow, A Fatal Thaw, →ISBN, page 73:
- Just somebody with a low lottery number, not enough stroke to get in the National Guard, and a distate for tropical climates.
- (obsolete) Appetite.
- 1699, William Dampier, A New Voyage Around The World:
- Neither can any man be entertain'd as a soldier, that has not a greater stroke than ordinary at eating.
- 1731, Jonathan Swift, Polite Conversation:
- 1892, Oliver Heslop, A Glossary of words used in The county of Northumberland and on The Tyneside, page 518:
- Rooks are said to be fattest when food is scarcest, as they “owereat thorsels” when they have too much food. The same is said of lean children who have a good stroke ( appetite ) .
- 1996, John B. Keane, More Irish Stories for Christmas, page 67:
- It was said of him that he had a good stroke which simply meant in the everyday idiom of the place that he was possessed of a healthy appetite .
- 1998, Walter Macken, The Grass of the People, page 212:
- It distressed him, Joe said, to see them feeding like animals, without delicacy. Joe had a good stroke himself, but naturally not as good an appetite as he would have if he was doing anything .
- In transactional analysis, a (generally positive) reaction to a person, fulfilling their needs or desires.
- 2009, Mark Widdowson, Transactional Analysis: 100 Key Points and Techniques (page 246)
- Not providing a stroke to a client can sometimes facilitate the client in becoming aware of their neediness or desire for approval. By not giving a stroke, the client's need is brought to the surface, where it is amenable to change, […]
- 2009, Mark Widdowson, Transactional Analysis: 100 Key Points and Techniques (page 246)
SynonymsEdit
- (act of stroking, petting): caress
- (blow): blow, hit, beat
- (act of striking with a weapon): blow
- (single movement with a tool):
- (made with a pen): stroke of the pen
- (made with a brush): brushstroke
- (symbol): See slash and strikethrough
- (time when a clock strikes): hour
- (particular style of swimming):
- (in medical sense): cerebrovascular accident, CVA
- (in wrestling):
Derived termsEdit
- at a stroke
- at one stroke
- backstroke
- bloodstroke
- breaststroke
- broad strokes
- brushstroke
- butterfly stroke
- buttstroke
- by-stroke
- counterstroke
- crossstroke
- dead-stroke
- dead stroke
- different strokes for different folks
- downstroke
- down to the short strokes
- exhaust stroke
- four-stroke engine
- frontstroke
- government stroke
- groundstroke
- hair stroke
- handstroke
- handystroke
- heatstroke
- instroke
- J-stroke
- keystroke
- lightning stroke
- masterstroke
- ministroke
- multistroke
- oblique stroke
- outstroke
- penalty stroke
- power stroke
- restroke
- return stroke
- Sheffer stroke
- short strokes
- sidestroke
- spot stroke
- strike a stroke
- Stroke City
- stroke hole
- stroke oar
- stroke of genius
- stroke of luck
- stroke of work
- stroke order
- stroke play
- strokesman
- strokeswoman
- stroke volume
- sunstroke
- thunderstroke
- trudgen stroke
- two-stroke engine
- umstroke
- understroke
- upstroke
TranslationsEdit
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Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English stroken, straken, from Old English strācian (“to stroke”), from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn (“to stroke, caress”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian strookje (“to stroke; caress”), West Frisian streakje (“to stroke; caress”), German Low German straken, strieken, strakeln, striekeln (“to stroke; caress; fondle”), German streicheln (“to stroke, fondle”).
VerbEdit
stroke (third-person singular simple present strokes, present participle stroking, simple past and past participle stroked)
- (transitive) To move one's hand or an object (such as a broom) along (a surface) in one direction.
- 1700, [John] Dryden, “Cinyras and Myrrha, out of the Tenth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:
- He dried the falling drops, and, yet more kind, / He stroked her cheeks.
- (transitive, cricket) To hit the ball with the bat in a flowing motion.
- (masonry) To give a finely fluted surface to.
- (transitive, rowing) To row the stroke oar of.
- to stroke a boat
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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See alsoEdit
- strokes in the medical sense on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- “stroke”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
AnagramsEdit
HungarianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English stroke.[3]
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
stroke (countable and uncountable, plural stroke-ok)
- (medicine) stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted or a particular case of it)
- Synonyms: agyvérzés, (archaic) agyszélhűdés, (folksy) gutaütés, (folksy) szélütés
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | stroke | stroke-ok |
accusative | stroke-ot | stroke-okat |
dative | stroke-nak | stroke-oknak |
instrumental | stroke-kal | stroke-okkal |
causal-final | stroke-ért | stroke-okért |
translative | stroke-ká | stroke-okká |
terminative | stroke-ig | stroke-okig |
essive-formal | stroke-ként | stroke-okként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | stroke-ban | stroke-okban |
superessive | stroke-on | stroke-okon |
adessive | stroke-nál | stroke-oknál |
illative | stroke-ba | stroke-okba |
sublative | stroke-ra | stroke-okra |
allative | stroke-hoz | stroke-okhoz |
elative | stroke-ból | stroke-okból |
delative | stroke-ról | stroke-okról |
ablative | stroke-tól | stroke-októl |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
stroke-é | stroke-oké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
stroke-éi | stroke-okéi |
Possessive forms of stroke | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | stroke-om | stroke-jaim |
2nd person sing. | stroke-od | stroke-jaid |
3rd person sing. | stroke-ja | stroke-jai |
1st person plural | stroke-unk | stroke-jaink |
2nd person plural | stroke-otok | stroke-jaitok |
3rd person plural | stroke-juk | stroke-jaik |
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Tóth, Etelka (ed.). Magyar helyesírási szótár: A magyar helyesírás szabályai tizenkettedik kiadása szerint (’Dictionary of Hungarian Orthography: according to the 12th edition of the regulations of the Hungarian orthography’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2017. →ISBN
- ^ stroke and sztrók in the dictionary of A magyar helyesírás szabályai, 12. kiadás (’The Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2015. →ISBN
- ^ Pusztai, Ferenc (ed.). Magyar értelmező kéziszótár (’A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003. →ISBN
- ^ Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
Middle EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old English *strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
stroke (plural strokes)
- Any striking or hitting motion:
- A strike or hit from a weapon or instrument of torture
- A strike or hit from one's hands or other limbs
- A strike or hit from a tool against an object.
- The force of death; the origin or effect of one's demise.
- (Late Middle English) The feeling of an intense emotion or mood.
- (Late Middle English) The process of making a striking or hitting motion.
- A loud sound caused by weather (e.g. heavy rain)
- The result of a striking or hitting motion; a wound.
- (rare) A jerking or pulsing motion (e.g. a heartbeat)
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “strōk(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-12.
Etymology 2Edit
From Old English strācian, from Proto-West Germanic *straikōn.
VerbEdit
stroke
- Alternative form of stroken
Norwegian NynorskEdit
VerbEdit
stroke
- past participle of stryka
YolaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English stroke, from Old English *strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik.
NounEdit
stroke
- stroke
- 1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4:
- A vursth stroke.
- The first stroke.
ReferencesEdit
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 108