See also: and
U+5922, 夢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5922

[U+5921]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5923]

夢 U+2F85E, 夢
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85E
多
[U+2F85D]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 奢
[U+2F85F]

TranslingualEdit

Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Alternative formsEdit

Note that in Taiwan and Hong Kong, the character is written with on top instead of , as found in the Kangxi dictionary. Traditionally, the character is listed under the radical (sunset). However, in simplified Chinese and Japanese dictionaries, the character may be listed under the radical (grass) as the (crown/hairstyle) component has been simplified to .

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 36, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿田中弓 (TWLN), four-corner 44207, composition𦭝(GJKV) or ⿱⿳(HT))

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 247, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5801
  • Dae Jaweon: page 492, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 864, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+5922

ChineseEdit

trad.
simp.
alternative forms


𡬌
 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script
       

In the Oracle bone script, a pictogram (象形) or ideogrammic compound (會意) – a person () lying on a bed (), sometimes with restless hands (compare the oracle-bone character for ) and sometimes with the eye () emphasized.

In the Bronze inscriptions, the eye () has eyebrows above it (compare ), and the person's body is attached underneath, now written as two dots on either side. The bed is no longer present, and instead (“moon; night”) has been added.

In the modern form 夢, the eyebrows are written , the eyes are written , and the person's body has become , while remains on the bottom.

According to Shuowen, it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs): phonetic (OC *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs) + semantic .

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(s/r)-ma(ŋ/k) (dream); compare Tibetan རྨང་ལམ (rmang lam, dream), Chepang माङः (dream), Proto-Lolo-Burmese

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • máe̤ng - vernacular;
  • móng - literary.
  • Min Nan
  • Note:
    • bāng - vernacular;
    • bōng - literary.
  • Wu
  • Note:
    • 3maan - vernacular;
    • 3mon - literary.
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: mong5 / mong4
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /mʊŋ²¹/, /mʊŋ⁴⁵/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /mən²¹/, /mən⁴⁵/
  • Note:
    • mong5 - vernacular;
    • mong4 - literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /məŋ⁵¹/
    Harbin /məŋ⁵³/
    Tianjin /məŋ⁵³/
    Jinan /məŋ²¹/
    Qingdao /fəŋ²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /məŋ³¹²/
    Xi'an /məŋ⁴⁴/
    Xining /mə̃²¹³/
    Yinchuan /məŋ¹³/
    Lanzhou /mə̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /mɤŋ²¹³/
    Wuhan /moŋ³⁵/
    Chengdu /moŋ¹³/
    Guiyang /moŋ²¹³/
    Kunming /moŋ²¹²/
    Nanjing /mən⁴⁴/
    Hefei /məŋ⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /məŋ⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /məŋ³⁵/
    Hohhot /mə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /mɑ̃²³/
    /moŋ²³/
    Suzhou /moŋ³¹/
    Hangzhou /moŋ¹³/
    Wenzhou /moŋ²²/
    Hui Shexian /mʌ̃²²/
    Tunxi /man¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /moŋ⁵⁵/
    /moŋ¹¹/
    Xiangtan /mən²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /muŋ²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /mu⁵³/
    Taoyuan /muŋ⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /moŋ²²/
    Nanning /muŋ²²/
    Hong Kong /muŋ²²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /bɔŋ²²/
    /baŋ²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /mɔyŋ²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /mɔŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /maŋ³¹/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /moŋ³⁵/
    /maŋ²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (4)
    Final () (2)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /mɨuŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /miuŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /miuŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /muwŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /miuŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /mĭuŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /mi̯uŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    mèng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    mung6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    mèng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ mjuwngH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*C.məŋ-s/
    English dream

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 8998
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mɯŋs/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. dream (Classifier: m c mn;  m c mn)
        ―  měimèng  ―  good dream
        ―  mèngyǎn  ―  nightmare
        ―  zuòmèng  ―  to dream
      [Cantonese]  ―  faat3 mung6 [Jyutping]  ―  to dream
      尋晚關於裡面見到一齊健身 [Cantonese, trad.]
      寻晚关于里面见到一齐健身 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 cam4 maan5 faat3 zo2 go3 mung6, hai6 gwaan1 jyu1 nei5 ge3. hai2 mung6 leoi5 min6 ngo5 gin3 dou3-2 nei5 tung4 ngo5 jat1 cai4 gin6 san1. [Jyutping]
      This morning I had a dream about you. In the dream, I saw you working out with me.
    2. to dream; to have dreams
    3. (figurative) dream; aspiration; ambition; goal
      一個一个  ―  Wǒ yǒu yīge mèng.  ―  I have a dream.
    4. a surname
    SynonymsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    PronunciationEdit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (4)
    Final () (2)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /mɨuŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /miuŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /miuŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /muwŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /miuŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /mĭuŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /mi̯uŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    méng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    mung4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 8996
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*mɯŋ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. muddled

    CompoundsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    ゆめ
    Grade: 5
    kun’yomi

    ⟨i me2 → */jiməɨ//jɨme//jume/

    Appears in texts from the 900s.[1]

    Shift from Old Japanese (ime2), itself a compound of (i, sleep, sleeping, obsolete) +‎ (me, eye; sight, vision).[1][2][3]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    (ゆめ) (yume

    1. a dream
      • 1989 November 10 [May 25 1988], Fujiko F. Fujio, “夢カメラ [Dream Camera]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・F・不二雄 SF全短編; 3), volume 3 (fiction), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 275:
        これはなんです!
        Kore wa nan desu!
        What is this!?
        こ これは(ゆめ)カメラといって……
        Ko kore wa Yume Kamera to itte……
        Th– This was taken with the Dream Camera…
        なにをユメみたいなこといってるんですか
        Nani o yume mitai na koto itterun desu ka
        Are you saying this is just a dream!?
    2. a vision (wish for the future)
    3. leaving reality to the state of lusciousness (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    4. a fantasy (idea from one's imagination)
    5. an illusion or delusion
      Synonym: 迷夢 (meimu)
    6. something fragile (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Derived termsEdit
    IdiomsEdit
    ProverbsEdit

    Proper nounEdit

    (ゆめ) (Yume

    1. a female given name

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 5
    goon

    From Middle Chinese (MC mɨuŋH).

    AffixEdit

    () (mu

    1. dream
    2. illusion
    3. vision
    4. fantasy
    Derived termsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, Nationwide Accent Dictionary), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    Alternative formsEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese (MC mɨuŋH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 모ᇰ〮 (Yale: mwóng)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄭᅮᆷ〮 (Yale: skwúm) 모ᇰ〯 (Yale: mwǒng)

    PronunciationEdit

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mo̞(ː)ŋ]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    , eumhun (kkum mong)

    1. Hanja form? of (dream). [affix]

    CompoundsEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Old JapaneseEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    Compound of (i1, sleep, sleeping) +‎ (me2, eye; sight, vision).[1][2][3]

    NounEdit

    (ime2) (kana いめ)

    1. a dream
      • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 4, poem 490), text here
        真野之浦乃与騰乃継橋情由毛思哉妹之伊目尓之所見
        Mano1-no2-ura no2 yo2do2 no2 tugi1pasi ko2ko2ro2 yu mo omope2 ya imo ga ime2 ni si mi1yuru
        inside Mano a faltered bridge and even through the heart the memories in the dream the sister was to be seen

    Derived termsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    • Japanese: (yume)

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    : Hán Nôm readings: mộng, mọng, mống, mồng, mòng, muống

    1. chữ Hán form of mộng (dream).

    ReferencesEdit