v
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Translingual edit
Etymology 1 edit
Minuscule variation of Latin V, from seventh century Old Latin adoption of Old Italic letter 𐌖 (V), from Ancient Greek letter Υ (Y, “Upsilon”).
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
See also edit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter V): Ṽṽ Ṿṿ Ʋʋ ᶌᶌ ⱱ ⱴ ᴠ Vv Ꜹꜹ Ꜻꜻ Ww Ꝡꝡ
- (select symbols) ʌ ʋ ᵥ
- (other scripts) Cyrillic в (v, “ve”), Greek υ (y, “upsilon”), Hebrew ו (w, “vav”)
- v on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 2 edit
Lower case form of upper case roman numeral V, from abbreviation of IIIIΛ or IIIIV (representing 5), from tally stick markings resembling \\\\⋁ or ////⋀, from the practice of designating each fifth notch with a double cut, like the corresponding Western tally mark, .
Alternative forms edit
Numeral edit
v (lower case Roman numeral, upper case V)
See also edit
- Previous: iv (4)
- Next: vi (6)
- Roman numerals
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
IPA (file)
Symbol edit
v
- (physics) velocity
- (IPA) a voiced labiodental fricative.
- (superscript ⟨ᵛ⟩, IPA) [v]-fricated release of a plosive (e.g. [bᵛ], sometimes implying an affricate [b͜v]); [v]-coloring; or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [v].
Gallery edit
-
Uppercase and lowercase versions of V, in normal and italic type
-
Uppercase and lowercase V in Fraktur
See also edit
The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s):Character=VPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Other representations of V:
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English lower case letter v (also written u), from Old English lower case u and respelling of Old English f between vowels and voiced consonants.
- Old English lower case f from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case f of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚠ (f, “feoh”), derived from Etruscan letter 𐌅 (v).
- Old English lower case u from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case v of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚢ (u, “ur”), derived from Raetic letter u.
Before the 1700s, the pointed form v was written at the beginning of a word, while a rounded form u was used elsewhere, regardless of sound. So whereas valor and excuse appeared as in modern printing, have and upon were printed haue and vpon. Eventually, in the 1700s, to differentiate between the consonant and vowel sounds, the v form was used to represent the consonant, and u the vowel sound. v then preceded u in the alphabet, but the order has since reversed.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V, plural vs or v's)
- The twenty-second letter of the English alphabet, called vee and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun edit
- a shape resembling the letter v
- The impact was so strong, it bent the bar into a v.
Etymology 2 edit
Clipping of versus.
Preposition edit
v
- (UK and Commonwealth except Canada, Ireland) Abbreviation of versus.
Usage notes edit
- In legal contexts, usage is typically restricted to case citations, and the pronunciation may be as versus, vee, against, or and, depending on the region and nature of the case.
Etymology 3 edit
Clipping of very.
Adverb edit
v
- (informal, text messaging) Clipping of very.
- You were acting v rude to his boyfriend on New Year's.
- 2007, Dyan Sheldon, Deep and Meaningful Diaries from Planet Janet, Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press, →ISBN, page 253:
- I said it wasn't a crush, I just thought he was v attractive.
- 2019 July 23, Matt Galea, “Punters Reckon Ashley Benson's New Tatt Is A Tribute To Girlfriend Cara Delevingne”, in Pedestrian[2], archived from the original on July 23, 2019:
- Since becoming social media official, Cara Delevingne and Ashley Benson have been sashaying around town together and being v cute
Etymology 4 edit
Abbreviations.
v
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of of.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of very.
- (stenoscript) the suffix or final syllable -tive or -ive
See also edit
Azerbaijani edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v lower case (upper case V)
- The thirtieth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Basque edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-third letter of the Basque alphabet, called uve and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See also edit
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /v/, IPA(key): /b/
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ve/, IPA(key): /be/ (spelled ve); IPA(key): /veˈβaʃə/, IPA(key): /beˈβaʃə/ (spelled ve baixa)
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Catalan alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
Czech edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Czech v, ve, from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
v
- in (inside, for an enclosed space) [+locative]
- On je v divadle. ― He is in the theater.
- at (indicating time) [+accusative]
- v šest hodin ― at six o'clock
- on (indicating a day) [+accusative]
- v pátek ― on Friday
- in (indicating a year) [+locative]
- v roce 2007 ― in the year 2007
- in (indicating a month) [+locative]
- v lednu ― in January
- in (used after certain verbs) [+accusative]
- věřit v Boha ― to believe in God
Usage notes edit
- The more usual form is v, while ve is used before words starting with f, v, w and certain consonant clusters.
Further reading edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Dutch alphabet.
See also edit
Esperanto edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called vo and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and v for information on the development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Finnish alphabet, called vee and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms edit
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö
Noun edit
v
- Abbreviation of vuosi.
- Abbreviation of -vuotias.
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- the twenty-second letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet
- 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Volume I, Chapter I:
- Lui cherchant alors un nom qui ne s’écartât pas trop du sien, qui sentît et représentât la grande dame et la princesse, il vint à l’appeler Dulcinée du Toboso, parce qu’elle était native de ce village : nom harmonieux à son avis, rare et distingué, et non moins expressif que tous ceux qu’il avait donnés à son équipage et à lui-même.
- Through searching himself thus for a name that did not diverge too much from his own, that would suit and represent the great lady and princess, he came to call her Dulcinea del Toboso, because she was a native of this village [Toboso]: a name in his opinion harmonious, rare and distinguished, and no less expressive than all the ones that he had given to his team and to himself.
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The thirty-eighth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called vé and written in the Latin script.
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | v | v-k |
accusative | v-t | v-ket |
dative | v-nek | v-knek |
instrumental | v-vel | v-kkel |
causal-final | v-ért | v-kért |
translative | v-vé | v-kké |
terminative | v-ig | v-kig |
essive-formal | v-ként | v-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | v-ben | v-kben |
superessive | v-n | v-ken |
adessive | v-nél | v-knél |
illative | v-be | v-kbe |
sublative | v-re | v-kre |
allative | v-hez | v-khez |
elative | v-ből | v-kből |
delative | v-ről | v-kről |
ablative | v-től | v-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
v-é | v-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
v-éi | v-kéi |
Possessive forms of v | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | v-m | v-im |
2nd person sing. | v-d | v-id |
3rd person sing. | v-je | v-i |
1st person plural | v-nk | v-ink |
2nd person plural | v-tek | v-itek |
3rd person plural | v-jük | v-ik |
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading edit
- v in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Ido edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Italian edit
Letter edit
v f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case V)
- The twentieth letter of the Italian alphabet, called vu or vi and written in the Latin script.
Japanese edit
Punctuation mark edit
v
Synonyms edit
References edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
- u (post-Classical)
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
See also edit
References edit
- v in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “v”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The thirty-first letter of the Latvian alphabet, called vē and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Livonian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The thirty-seventh letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Malay edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Maltese edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /v/
- IPA(key): /f/ (by final devoicing or assimilation to a following voiceless obstruent)
- With very few exceptions, this letter occurs only in borrowings.
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Mandarin edit
Letter edit
v
- Nonstandard form of ü.
Usage notes edit
⟨v⟩ is sometimes used as a substitute for ⟨ü⟩ in Hanyu Pinyin-based input systems. As a result, it occasionally appears in print as well, though this is nonstandard.
Mapudungun edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Mapudungun alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ch ch, D d, E e, F f, G g, I i, Ï ï, K k, L l, Ll ll, Ḻ ḻ, M m, N n, Ng ng, Ñ ñ, Ṉ ṉ, O o, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Tr tr, Ṯ ṯ, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y
There are multiple alphabets for writing Mapudungun. The letters that are not in brackets are from the unified alphabet, while the ones in brackets are from the four other alphabets.
Middle French edit
Etymology edit
Letter edit
v
Usage notes edit
- u and v were represented by a single character in Middle French, although scholars consider them to be separate letters both in terms of usage and in terms of pronunciation.
Norwegian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v
- The 22nd letter of the Norwegian alphabet.
Nupe edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Old Czech edit
Alternative forms edit
- u (often before labial consonants)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n) , from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥.
Preposition edit
v
- in (inside, for an enclosed space) (followed by the locative case)
- in (used after certain verbs) (followed by the accusative case)
- vyjěti v boj ― go into battle
Descendants edit
- Czech: v
Further reading edit
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) chapter V, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Portuguese edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Portuguese alphabet, called vê and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Romani edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- (International Standard) The twenty-ninth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- (Pan-Vlax) The thirtieth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Romanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ve or vî and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Alternative forms edit
- V (uppercase)
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (Cyrillic spelling в)
- The 28th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by u and followed by z.
- Obsolete form of u.
Preposition edit
v (Cyrillic spelling в)
- (Kajkavian) in, at [+locative]
- (Kajkavian) to, into [+accusative]
- (Kajkavian) on, in, at, during (in expressions concerning time) [+accusative]
- (Kajkavian) in, during (in expressions concerning time) [+locative]
Synonyms edit
Skolt Sami edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
v (upper case V)
- The thirty-second letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Slovene edit
Etymology 1 edit
Letter edit
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v
- The twenty-third letter of the Slovene alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
Alternative forms edit
- (uppercase) V
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) čŕka; A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Slavic *vъ(n).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
v
- (answering question where) (with locative) in, inside, at
- (answering question where to) (with accusative) to, into
- (indicating a day) (with accusative) on, in, at, during (in expressions concerning time)
- (indicating a month or period of time) (with locative) in, during
- V tem aprilu je veliko deževalo. ― This April it was raining a lot.
- V petih letih ni padla niti kapljica dežja. ― Within five years not even a droplet of rain has fallen.
Further reading edit
- “v”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /b/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈbe/ [ˈbe] (traditional, spelled ve), /ˈube/ [ˈu.β̞e] (common in most countries, spelled uve)
- (common in some countries)
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- the twenty-third (23rd) letter of the Spanish alphabet
Usage notes edit
- The common letter names, as well as phrases like ve de vaca are used to distinguish the letter v from the letter b. This is done because the two letters represent a single phoneme in modern Spanish, causing their traditional names be and ve both to be pronounced as /ˈbe/.
See also edit
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish v. Each pronunciation has a different source:
- Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English v.
- Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish v.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog)
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒ)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called vi and written in the Latin script.
- (historical) The twenty-fifth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ve and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes edit
- This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.
- Some purists of Tagalog replace v in words with b.
See also edit
- (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Further reading edit
- chapter V, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
See also edit
Zulu edit
Letter edit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.