See also: 猫
| ||||||||
Translingual
edit| Japanese | 猫 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 猫 |
| Traditional | 貓 |
Han character
edit貓 (Kangxi radical 153, 豸+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月竹廿田 (BHTW), four-corner 44260, composition ⿰豸苗)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1202, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36595
- Dae Jaweon: page 1664, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3914, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8C93
Chinese
editGlyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 貓 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mreːw, *mrew) : semantic 豸 + phonetic 苗 (OC *mrew). The phonetic component perhaps points to the onomatopoeic nature of this word.
Ma Xulun suggested that 豸 was the original character of 貓.
Etymology 1
edit| trad. | 貓/猫 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 猫 | |
Onomatopoeic. Compare 喵 (miāo, “meow, the onomatopoeic cry of a cat”).
Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese *mau, reasoning that 貓's place among division II syllables results from its onomatopoeic nature instead of an Old Chinese medial *-r-; onomatopoeia is also responsible for the 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) tone instead of the expected 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mao1 / miao2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мо (mo, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): mau4 / mieu4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): mau1
- Northern Min (KCR): mê / miâu
- Eastern Min (BUC): mà / mièu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6mau; 1mau / 2mau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mau1 / miau1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mao
- Wade–Giles: mao1
- Yale: māu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhau
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (貓兒／猫儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: maor
- Wade–Giles: mao1-ʼrh
- Yale: māur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhaul
- Palladius: маор (maor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: mao1 / miao2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mao / miao
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau⁵⁵/, /miau²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note:
- mao1 - vernacular;
- miao2 - literary.
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мо (mo, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɔ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maau1 / miu4 / maau4
- Yale: māau / mìuh / màauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: maau1 / miu4 / maau4
- Guangdong Romanization: mao1 / miu4 / mao4
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːu̯⁵⁵/, /miːu̯²¹/, /maːu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: miu4, maau4 - rare.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: miu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbiu⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: mau4 / mieu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau³⁵/, /miɛu³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
Note:
- mau4 - vernacular;
- mieu4 - literary.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: meu
- Hakka Romanization System: meu
- Hagfa Pinyim: meu4
- Sinological IPA: /meu̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiauˇ
- Sinological IPA: /ŋiau¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: mau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /mau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mê / miâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /me³³/, /miau³³/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- mê - vernacular;
- miâu - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mà / mièu
- Sinological IPA (key): /ma⁵³/, /mieu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- mà - vernacular;
- mièu - literary.
- Southern Min
Note:
- niau/ngiau - vernacular (“cat; pockmarked; stingy; lecherous”);
- bâu - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngiao1 / ngiou1 / bha5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiau / ngiou / bâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiau³³/, /ŋiou³³/, /ba⁵⁵/
Note:
- ngiao1 - Shantou, Jieyang;
- ngiou1 - Chaozhou;
- bha5 - vernacular.
Note:
- mau1 - vernacular;
- miau1 - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: mjew, maew
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mˤraw/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mreːw/, /*mrew/
Definitions
edit貓
- cat (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
- 迎貓，為其食田鼠也；迎虎，為其食田豕也，迎而祭之也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yíng māo, wèi qí shí tiánshǔ yě; yíng hǔ, wèi qí shí tián shǐ yě, yíng ér jì zhī yě. [Pinyin]
- They met the cats, because they devoured the rats and mice of the fields, and the tigers, because they devoured the wild boars. They met them and made offerings to them.
迎猫，为其食田鼠也；迎虎，为其食田豕也，迎而祭之也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 據英國《每日郵報》5月9日報導，不久前，意大利海關在從中國運過來的集裝箱裡發現一隻小橘貓。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2019, “中国小猫被困在集装箱 “漂流”40多天到意大利”, in sina[1]:
- Jù Yīngguó “Měirì Yóubào” 5 yuè 9 rì bàodǎo, bùjiǔqián, Yìdàlì hǎiguān zài cóng zhōngguó yùnguòlái de jízhuāngxiānglǐ fāxiàn yī zhī xiǎo júmāo. [Pinyin]
- According to a report by the British Daily Mail on May 9, Italian customs recently found a small orange cat in a container shipped from China.
据英国《每日邮报》5月9日报导，不久前，意大利海关在从中国运过来的集装箱里发现一只小橘猫。 [MSC, simp.]- From:
- (Mandarin, colloquial) to hide oneself
- (Mandarin, colloquial) to hang around; to stay somewhere doing nothing
- (Cantonese) to get drunk
- (Hokkien) pockmarked (face)
- 貓面／猫面 [Hokkien] ― niau-bīn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― pockmarked face
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Singapore Hokkien; Singapore Teochew) stingy; miserly
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) lecherous; lascivious
- (Cantonese, non-productive) person with a non-positive attribute
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 貓 (“cat”) [map]
Descendants
edit- → English: ngeow (via Teochew)
Compounds
edit- 三腳貓／三脚猫 (sānjiǎomāo)
- 三跤貓／三跤猫
- 人貓／人猫
- 偷貓遞狗／偷猫递狗
- 出貓／出猫
- 加菲貓／加菲猫
- 叮叮貓／叮叮猫
- 咬人貓／咬人猫
- 夜貓子／夜猫子 (yèmāozi)
- 大熊貓／大熊猫 (dàxióngmāo)
- 大貓態／大猫态
- 女貓／女猫 (nǚmāo)
- 好貓管百家／好猫管百家
- 小熊貓／小熊猫 (xiǎoxióngmāo)
- 小貓熊／小猫熊 (xiǎomāoxióng)
- 山貓／山猫 (shānmāo)
- 山貓兒／山猫儿
- 憋死貓／憋死猫
- 捉藏貓／捉藏猫
- 捉鼠拿貓／捉鼠拿猫
- 斑貓／斑猫 (bānmāo)
- 暹羅貓／暹罗猫 (xiānluómāo)
- 木貓／木猫
- 李貓／李猫
- 棗貓／枣猫
- 烏貓／乌猫
- 烏貓姊仔／乌猫姊仔
- 照貓畫虎／照猫画虎 (zhàomāohuàhǔ)
- 熊貓／熊猫 (xióngmāo)
- 狸貓／狸猫 (límāo)
- 獅貓／狮猫
- 病貓／病猫 (bìngmāo)
- 短毛貓／短毛猫 (duǎnmáomāo)
- 稱貓／称猫
- 窮鼠齧貓／穷鼠啮猫 (qióngshǔnièmāo)
- 老鼠見貓／老鼠见猫
- 花巴哩貓／花巴哩猫
- 花腳貓／花脚猫
- 花貓巧嘴／花猫巧嘴
- 蕨貓／蕨猫
- 薛定諤的貓／薛定谔的猫 (Xuēdìng'è de māo)
- 藏貓兒／藏猫儿 (cáng māor)
- 藏貓貓／藏猫猫
- 虥貓／虥猫
- 豹貓／豹猫 (bàomāo)
- 貍貓／狸猫 (límāo)
- 貓人／猫人 (māorén)
- 貓仔／猫仔 (māozǎi)
- 貓兒／猫儿
- 貓兒洗臉／猫儿洗脸
- 貓兒眼／猫儿眼 (māoryǎn)
- 貓兒窩／猫儿窝
- 貓兒臉／猫儿脸
- 貓兒頭／猫儿头
- 貓兒食／猫儿食
- 貓公／猫公
- 貓公刺／猫公刺
- 貓咪／猫咪 (māomī)
- 貓咪／猫咪 (māomī)
- 貓哭老鼠——假慈悲／猫哭老鼠——假慈悲 (māo kū lǎoshǔ, jiǎ cíbēi)
- 貓哭耗子——假慈悲／猫哭耗子——假慈悲 (māo kū hàozi, jiǎ cíbēi)
- 貓噬鸚鵡／猫噬鹦鹉
- 貓奴／猫奴 (māonú)
- 貓娘／猫娘 (māoniáng)
- 貓尾紅／猫尾红
- 貓𡳞／猫𡳞
- 貓嶼／猫屿
- 貓彈竹／猫弹竹
- 貓母／猫母
- 貓溺／猫溺
- 貓潲／猫潲
- 貓熊／猫熊 (māoxióng)
- 貓牛／猫牛
- 貓猴／猫猴
- 貓王／猫王 (Māowáng)
- 貓眼石／猫眼石
- 貓睛／猫睛
- 貓睛石／猫睛石
- 貓神／猫神
- 貓竹／猫竹
- 貓精／猫精
- 貓紙／猫纸
- 貓絲／猫丝
- 貓耳朵／猫耳朵
- 貓膩／猫腻 (māonì)
- 貓虎／猫虎
- 貓豬／猫猪
- 貓貍／猫狸
- 貓貓／猫猫 (māomāo)
- 貓貓相／猫猫相
- 貓道／猫道
- 貓面／猫面
- 貓頭／猫头
- 貓頭竹／猫头竹
- 貓頭筍／猫头笋
- 貓頭鞋／猫头鞋
- 貓頭鳥／猫头鸟 (māotóuniǎo)
- 貓頭鳥／猫头鸟 (māotóuniǎo)
- 貓頭鷹／猫头鹰 (māotóuyīng)
- 貓鬚草／猫须草 (māoxūcǎo)
- 貓鬼／猫鬼
- 貓鼠同乳／猫鼠同乳
- 貓鼠同眠／猫鼠同眠
- 貓鼠同處／猫鼠同处
- 貓鼻頭／猫鼻头 (Māobítóu)
- 賴貓／赖猫
- 跳貓子／跳猫子
- 躲貓貓／躲猫猫 (duǒmāomāo)
- 迎貓／迎猫
- 避貓鼠／避猫鼠
- 郎貓／郎猫 (lángmāo)
- 醉貓／醉猫 (zuìmāo)
- 醉貓兒／醉猫儿
- 野貓／野猫 (yěmāo)
- 鐵貓／铁猫
- 鐵貓兒／铁猫儿
- 阿狗阿貓／阿狗阿猫 (āgǒu'āmāo)
- 阿貓阿狗／阿猫阿狗 (āmāo'āgǒu)
- 靈貓／灵猫 (língmāo)
- 青盲貓咬著死鳥鼠／青盲猫咬著死鸟鼠
- 食死貓／食死猫
- 食貓麵／食猫面
- 香貓／香猫 (xiāngmāo)
- 騸貓／骟猫
- 黃貓黑尾／黄猫黑尾
- 黑貓／黑猫 (hēimāo)
Etymology 2
edit| trad. | 貓 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 猫 | |
| alternative forms | 毛 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Jin (Wiktionary): mau1
- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): mao1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: máo
- Wade–Giles: mao2
- Yale: máu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mau
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mao
- Wade–Giles: mao1
- Yale: māu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhau
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maau1
- Yale: māau
- Cantonese Pinyin: maau1
- Guangdong Romanization: mao1
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: miu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐbiu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: mau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /mau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mao1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mau
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau³³/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
edit貓
- (Mandarin, colloquial) to bend
Synonyms
editEtymology 3
edit| trad. | 貓 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 猫 | |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mao
- Wade–Giles: mao1
- Yale: māu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhau
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
edit貓
Compounds
editEtymology 4
edit| trad. | 貓 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 猫 | |
| alternative forms | 猫 媌 | |
Pronunciation
editDefinitions
edit貓
- (Hokkien) wildcat
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) vicious woman; woman that suddenly turns hostile (just like a mother cat when her kittens are threatened)
Compounds
editReferences
edit- “貓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
edit貓
Readings
edit- Go-on: みょう (myō)←めう (meu, historical)
- Kan-on: びょう (byō)←べう (beu, historical)、ぼう (bō)←ばう (bau, historical)
- Kun: ねこ (neko, 貓)
Noun
editKorean
editHanja
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit貓: Hán Việt readings: miêu (
貓: Nôm readings: mèo[1][2], miêu[4]
References
editCategories:
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- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ばう
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