Wiktionary

dir

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dir"

English edit

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

dir (plural dirs)

  1. Abbreviation of direction.
  2. (computing) Abbreviation of directory.
  3. Abbreviation of director.

Adjective edit

dir (not comparable)

  1. Abbreviation of direct.

Adverb edit

dir

  1. Abbreviation of directly.

Anagrams edit

Aragonese edit

Etymology edit

From Latin dicere.

Verb edit

dir

  1. to say

Asturian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Latin īre. The forms beginning with /b/ derive from corresponding conjugations of Latin vādere; those beginning with /f/ derive from forms of Latin esse.

Verb edit

dir

  1. to go

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of dir
infinitive dir
gerundive diendo
participle m diú, f día, n dío, m pl díos, f pl díes
person first singular
yo 		second singular
tu 		third singular
él/elli 		first plural
nosotros/nós 		second plural
vosotros/vós 		third plural
ellos
indicative present vo/voi vas va vamos vais van
preterite imperfect diba dibes diba díbamos/díbemos dibais/dibeis diben
preterite indefinite fui fosti/fuesti/fuisti fo/foi fomos/fuemos/fuimos fostis/fuestis/fuistis foron/fueron
pluperfect fora/fore/fuera/fuere foras/fores/fueras/fueres fora/fore/fuera/fuere fóramos/fóremos/fuéramos/fuéremos forais/foreis/fuerais/fuereis foran/foren/fueran/fueren
subjunctive present fora/vaiga/vaya foras/vaigas/vayas fora/vaiga/vaya vaigamos/vayamos vaigáis/vayáis foran/vaigan/vayan
preterite imperfect fora/fore/fuera/fuere foras/fores/fueras/fueres fora/fore/fuera/fuere fóramos/fóremos/fuéramos/fuéremos forais/foreis/fuerais/fuereis foran/foren/fueran/fueren
potential future diré dirás dirá diremos diréis dirán
conditional diría diríes diría diríamos/diríemos diríais/diríeis diríen
imperative ve díi

From http://ast.oslin.org/index.php?action=lemma&lemma=17232.

Bavarian edit

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. Alternative spelling of dia (“you”, dative)

Breton edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

dir m

  1. steel

Catalan edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Latin dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”). Compare Occitan dire or díser, French dire, and Spanish decir.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

dir (first-person singular present dic, first-person singular preterite diguí, past participle dit)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to say, to pronounce
  2. (transitive) to say, to tell
    Va dir una mentida.
    She told a lie.
    El dèiem que cuinés el sopar.
    We told him to cook dinner.
  3. (transitive) to call, to refer to as
  4. (reflexive) to be named, to be called
    Com et dius? ― What's your name?

Conjugation edit

    Conjugation of dir (mixed conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)
infinitive dir
gerund dient
past participle masculine feminine
singular dit dita
plural dits dites
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present dic dius diu diem dieu diuen
imperfect deia deies deia dèiem dèieu deien
future diré diràs dirà direm direu diran
preterite diguí digueres digué diguérem diguéreu digueren
conditional diria diries diria diríem diríeu dirien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present digui diguis digui diguem digueu diguin
imperfect digués diguessis digués diguéssim diguéssiu diguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — digues digui diguem digueu diguin
negative (no) — no diguis no digui no diguem no digueu no diguin

Balearic has deis and Valencian has dis as the second-person plural present indicative form. This is similar to French dire having dites as the standard form instead of the expected disez, and contemporary Italian dire having dite as the standard form in place of the expected dicete.

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

German edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz.

Pronunciation edit

  • (standard) IPA(key): /diːɐ̯/
  • audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːɐ̯
  • (colloquially in unstressed position) IPA(key): /dɐ/, /də/

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. (personal) dative of du; you, to you.
  2. (reflexive) dative of du; yourself, to yourself.

Further reading edit

  • “dir” in Duden online

Haitian Creole edit

Etymology edit

From French dire (“to say”).

Verb edit

dir

  1. (Saint-Domingue) to say, to tell
    Mo prié vou tant seulement vou pas dir personne à rien. ― I just ask that you don't tell anyone a thing.

Descendants edit

  • Haitian Creole: di

References edit

  • S.J Ducoeurjoly, Manuel des habitans de Saint-Domingue, contenant un précis de l'histoire de cette île

Italian edit

Verb edit

dir (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of dire

Luxembourgish edit

Alternative forms edit

  • der (unstressed)

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old High German dir.

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. second-person singular, dative: you; thee
    Ech hunn dir e Bréif geschéckt.
    I have sent you a letter.

Etymology 2 edit

From Old High German ir. The d- is through unetymological segmentation of the ending -t of a preceding verb (*stitt ir → *stiddir → stitt dir). This development was assisted by a parallelism with the 1st person, in which the dative singular mir is also the nominative plural (this latter development occurred for a similar reason, but was earlier and is widespread throughout High German).

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. second-person plural, nominative: you; you all; ye
    Hutt dir gutt geschlof?
    Have you slept well?
Derived terms edit
  • Dir (singular and plural polite form)

Declension edit

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Old Occitan edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere.

Verb edit

dir

  1. to say

Descendants edit

Pennsylvania German edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz. Compare German dir.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. dative of du: you, to you

Declension edit

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person 2nd person
familiar 		2nd person
polite/formal 		3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f n
nominative ich du
de1 		dihr
der1
Sie 		er sie
se1 		es mir
mer1 		dihr
der1 		sie
dative mir
mer1 		dir
der1 		eich
Ihne
Ne1 		ihm
em1 		ihre
re1 		ihm
em1 		uns eich ihne
ne1
accusative mich dich eich
Sie 		ihn
en1 		sie
se1 		es sie

1unstressed   

Romansch edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Latin dūrus.

Adjective edit

dir m (feminine singular dira, masculine plural dirs, feminine plural diras)

  1. (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Rumantsch Grischun) hard
Alternative forms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, point out”). The origin of some forms starting with sch- likely result from regular elisions of unstressed syllables: dīcēbam → *dcéβa → scheva.

Verb edit

dir

  1. to say
Conjugation edit
    Conjugation of dir (Grischun)
infinitive dir
gerund schend
past participle ditg
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present di dis di schain schais din
imperfect scheva schevas scheva schevan schevas schevan
future vegnel a dir vegns a dir vegn a dir vegnin a dir vegnis a dir vegnan a dir
conditional jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present schess schesses schess schessen schesses schessen
future vegness a dir vegnesses a dir vegness a dir vegnessen a dir vegnesses a dir vegnessen a dir
subjunctive che jeu che ti ch'el/ch'ella che nus che vus ch'els/ch'ellas
present dia dias dia dian dias dian
future vegni a dir vegnies a dir vegni a dir vegnîen a dir vegnîes a dir vegnien a dir
imperative — ti — — vus —
di schai
    Conjugation of dir (Sursilvan)
infinitive dir
gerund dend
past participle detg
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
present ditgel dias di schein scheis dian
imperfect devel devas deva devan devas devan
future vegnel a dir vegns a dir vegn a dir vegnin a dir vegnis a dir vegnan a dir
conditional jeu ti el/ella nus vus els/ellas
direct present schess schesses schess schessen schesses schessen
indirect present schessi schessies schessi schessien schessies schessien
direct future vegness a dir vegnesses a dir vegness a dir vegnessen a dir vegnesses a dir vegnessen a dir
indirect future vegnessi a dir vegnessies a dir vegnessi a dir vegnessien a dir vegnessies a dir vegnessien a dir
subjunctive che jeu che ti ch'el/ch'ella che nus che vus ch'els/ch'ellas
present ditgi ditgies ditgi scheien scheies ditgien
past devi devies devi devien devies devien
future vegni a dir vegnies a dir vegni a dir vegnîen a dir vegnîes a dir vegnien a dir
imperative — ti — — vus —
di schei
Alternative forms edit

Etymology 3 edit

Noun edit

dir m (plural dirs)

  1. (anatomy, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) liver
Alternative forms edit
Synonyms edit

Somali edit

Verb edit

dir

  1. send

Tolai edit

Pronoun edit

dir

  1. Third-person dual pronoun: they two, them two

Declension edit

Tolai personal pronouns
singular dual paucal plural
1st person exclusive iau amir
mir 		amital
mital 		avet
ave1
1st person inclusive - dor datal dat
da1
2nd person u amur
mur 		amutal
mutal 		avat
ava1
3rd person ia
i 		dir
di 		dital diat
dia1
1) The plural pronouns lose the final -t when preceding a verb.


Venetian edit

Etymology edit

From a contraction of Latin dīcere (compare Italian dire), present active infinitive of dīcō.

Verb edit

dir

  1. (transitive) to say, tell
  2. (transitive) to affirm

Conjugation edit

  • Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of dir (second conjugation, irregular)
infinitive dir
auxiliary verb aver gerund déndo
past participle dito, dixésto
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative mi ti eło / eła noialtri / noialtre voialtri / voialtre łuri / łore
present do (te) di, (te) dixi (el/ła) de démo dì (i/łe) de
imperfect déa (te) divi, (te) dixivi (el/ła) déa dévimo divi (i/łe) déa
future darò (te) darè (el/ła) darà darémo darè (i/łe) darà
conditional mi ti eło / eła noialtri / noialtre voialtri / voialtre łuri / łore
present darìa (te) darisi (el/ła) darìa darìsimo darisi (i/łe) darìa
subjunctive che mi che ti che eło / eła che noialtri / noialtre che voialtri / voialtre che łuri / łore
present da (te) di (el/ła) da démo dì (i/łe) da
imperfect dése (te) disi (el/ła) dése désimo disi (i/łe) dése
imperative — ti eło / eła noialtri / noialtre voialtri / voialtre łuri / łore
— (te) di (el/ła) da démo dì (i/łe) da

Welsh edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

dir

  1. Soft mutation of tir (“land”).

Mutation edit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tir dir nhir thir
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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