dir
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
dir (plural dirs)
- Abbreviation of direction.
- (computing) Abbreviation of directory.
- Abbreviation of director.
AdjectiveEdit
dir (not comparable)
- Abbreviation of direct.
AdverbEdit
dir
- Abbreviation of directly.
AnagramsEdit
AragoneseEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
dir
- to say
AsturianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin īre, present active infinitive of eō; the forms beginning with V from corresponding forms of vādō; the forms beginning with F from the corresponding forms of sum.
VerbEdit
dir
- to go
ConjugationEdit
From http://ast.oslin.org/index.php?action=lemma&lemma=17232.
BavarianEdit
PronounEdit
dir
- Alternative spelling of dia (“you”, dative)
BretonEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
dir m
CatalanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin dīcere, present active infinitive of dīcō, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”). Compare Occitan dire or díser, French dire, and Spanish decir.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
dir (first-person singular present dic, past participle dit)
- (transitive, intransitive) to say, to pronounce
- (transitive) to say, to tell
- Va dir una mentida.
- She told a lie.
- El dèiem que cuinés el sopar.
- We told him to cook dinner.
- (transitive) to call, to refer to as
- (reflexive) to be named, to be called
- Com et dius? ― What's your name?
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | dir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | dient | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | dit | dita | |||||
plural | dits | dites | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | dic | dius | diu | diem | dieu | diuen | |
imperfect | deia | deies | deia | dèiem | dèieu | deien | |
future | diré | diràs | dirà | direm | direu | diran | |
preterite | diguí | digueres | digué | diguérem | diguéreu | digueren | |
conditional | diria | diries | diria | diríem | diríeu | dirien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | digui | diguis | digui | diguem | digueu | diguin | |
imperfect | digués | diguessis | digués | diguéssim | diguéssiu | diguessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
— | digues | digui | diguem | digueu | diguin |
Balearic has deis as the second-person plural present indicative form. This is similar to French dire having dites as the standard form instead of the expected disez, and contemporary Italian dire having dite as the standard form in place of the expected dicete.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “dir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “dir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “dir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “dir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
GermanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz.
PronunciationEdit
- (standard) IPA(key): /diːɐ̯/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -iːɐ̯
- (colloquially in unstressed position) IPA(key): /dɐ/, /də/
PronounEdit
dir
Further readingEdit
- “dir” in Duden online
Haitian CreoleEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
dir
- (Saint-Domingue) to say, to tell
- Mo prié vou tant seulement vou pas dir personne à rien. ― I just ask that you don't tell anyone a thing.
DescendantsEdit
- Haitian Creole: di
ReferencesEdit
- S.J Ducoeurjoly, Manuel des habitans de Saint-Domingue, contenant un précis de l'histoire de cette île
ItalianEdit
VerbEdit
dir (apocopated)
LuxembourgishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- der (unstressed)
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old High German dir.
PronounEdit
dir
Etymology 2Edit
From Old High German ir. The d- is through unetymological segmentation of the ending -t of a preceding verb (*stitt ir → *stiddir → stitt dir). This development was assisted by a parallelism with the 1st person, in which the dative singular mir is also the nominative plural (this latter development occurred for a similar reason, but was earlier and is widespread throughout High German).
PronounEdit
dir
Derived termsEdit
- Dir (singular and plural polite form)
DeclensionEdit
nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | ||||
1st person singular | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (formal) |
Dir | Der | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | ||
3rd person singular | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |
f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||
n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||
1st person plural | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | ||
2nd person plural | dir | der | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | ||
3rd person plural | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech |
Old OccitanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere.
VerbEdit
dir
- to say
DescendantsEdit
Pennsylvania GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz. Compare German dir.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
dir
- to you
DeclensionEdit
Nominative | Accusative | Dative | |
---|---|---|---|
1st - Singular | ich | mich | mir mer (unstressed) |
2nd - Singular | du de (unstressed) |
dich | dir der (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Masculine | er | ihn en (unstressed) |
ihm em (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Feminine | sie se (unstressed) |
sie se (unstressed) |
ihre re (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Neuter | es | es | ihm em (unstressed) |
1st - Plural | mir mer (unstressed) |
uns | uns |
2nd - Plural | dihr der (unstressed) |
eich | eich |
3rd - Plural | sie | sie | ihne ne (unstressed) |
2nd - Polite | Sie | Sie | Ihne Ne (unstressed) |
RomanschEdit
Etymology 1Edit
AdjectiveEdit
dir m (feminine singular dira, masculine plural dirs, feminine plural diras)
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, point out”). The origin of some forms starting with sch- likely result from regular elisions of unstressed syllables: dīcēbam → *dcéβa → scheva.
VerbEdit
dir
- to say
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | schend | |||||
past participle | ditg | |||||
singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | di | dis | di | schain | schais | din |
imperfect | scheva | schevas | scheva | schevan | schevas | schevan |
future | vegnel a dir | vegns a dir | vegn a dir | vegnin a dir | vegnis a dir | vegnan a dir |
conditional | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | schess | schesses | schess | schessen | schesses | schessen |
future | vegness a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegness a dir | vegnessen a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegnessen a dir |
subjunctive | che jeu | che ti | ch'el/ch'ella | che nus | che vus | ch'els/ch'ellas |
present | dia | dias | dia | dian | dias | dian |
future | vegni a dir | vegnies a dir | vegni a dir | vegnîen a dir | vegnîes a dir | vegnien a dir |
imperative | — | ti | — | — | vus | — |
di | schai |
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | dend | |||||
past participle | detg | |||||
singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | ditgel | dias | di | schein | scheis | dian |
imperfect | devel | devas | deva | devan | devas | devan |
future | vegnel a dir | vegns a dir | vegn a dir | vegnin a dir | vegnis a dir | vegnan a dir |
conditional | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
direct present | schess | schesses | schess | schessen | schesses | schessen |
indirect present | schessi | schessies | schessi | schessien | schessies | schessien |
direct future | vegness a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegness a dir | vegnessen a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegnessen a dir |
indirect future | vegnessi a dir | vegnessies a dir | vegnessi a dir | vegnessien a dir | vegnessies a dir | vegnessien a dir |
subjunctive | che jeu | che ti | ch'el/ch'ella | che nus | che vus | ch'els/ch'ellas |
present | ditgi | ditgies | ditgi | scheien | scheies | ditgien |
past | devi | devies | devi | devien | devies | devien |
future | vegni a dir | vegnies a dir | vegni a dir | vegnîen a dir | vegnîes a dir | vegnien a dir |
imperative | — | ti | — | — | vus | — |
di | schei |
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
NounEdit
dir m (plural dirs)
Alternative formsEdit
- deir (Surmiran)
SynonymsEdit
SomaliEdit
VerbEdit
dir
TolaiEdit
PronounEdit
dir
- Third-person dual pronoun: they two, them two
DeclensionEdit
VenetianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From a contraction of Latin dīcere (compare Italian dire), present active infinitive of dīcō.
VerbEdit
dir
- (transitive) to say, tell
- (transitive) to affirm
ConjugationEdit
- Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | aver | gerund | déndo | |||
past participle | dito, dixésto | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | do | (te) di, (te) dixi | (el/ła) de | démo | dì | (i/łe) de |
imperfect | déa | (te) divi, (te) dixivi | (el/ła) déa | dévimo | divi | (i/łe) déa |
future | darò | (te) darè | (el/ła) darà | darémo | darè | (i/łe) darà |
conditional | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | darìa | (te) darisi | (el/ła) darìa | darìsimo | darisi | (i/łe) darìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | da | (te) di | (el/ła) da | démo | dì | (i/łe) da |
imperfect | dése | (te) disi | (el/ła) dése | désimo | disi | (i/łe) dése |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) di | (el/ła) da | démo | dì | (i/łe) da |
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
dir
- Soft mutation of tir (“land”).
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
tir | dir | nhir | thir |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |