m'

See also: Appendix:Variations of "m"

English

Pronoun

m'

1. (archaic) Clitic form of my.
2. (poetic, rare) Prevocalic form of my.

Derived terms

• m'lady
• m'lord

Catalan

Pronoun

m'

1. Contraction of em.

Usage notes

• m' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.

  M'avorreixo. ― I'm bored.

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics

	strong/subject	weak (direct object)		weak (indirect object)		possessive
singular		proclitic	enclitic	proclitic	enclitic
1st person	jo, mi3	em, m’	-me, ’m	em, m’	-me, ’m	meu
1st person majestic1	nós	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
2nd person	tu	et, t’	-te, ’t	et, t’	-te, ’t	teu
2nd person formal1	vós	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
2nd person very formal2	vostè	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
3rd person masculine	ell	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
3rd person feminine	ella	la, l’4	-la	li	-li	seu
3rd person neuter		ho	-ho	li	-li	seu
3rd person reflexive	si	es, s’	-se, ’s	es, s’	-se, ’s	seu
plural
1st person	nosaltres	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
2nd person	vosaltres	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
2nd person formal2	vostès	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person masculine	ells	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person feminine	elles	les	-les	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person reflexive	si	es, s’	-se, ’s	es, s’	-se, ’s	seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive		en, n’	-ne, ’n
locative		hi	-hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person.			3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m‿/

• Audio

  (file)

Pronoun

m’

1. prevocalic form of me

   Je m'appelle Marcel. — I'm called Marcel.

2. (in certain contexts) prevocalic form of moi

   Donne-m'en deux. — Give me two.

Related terms

French personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Locative (at)	Genitive (of)	Disjunctive (tonic)
Singular	First	—	je, j’	me, m’		—	—	moi
	Second	—	tu	te, t’		—	—	toi
	Third	Masculine	il	le, l’	lui	y	en	lui
		Feminine	elle	la, l’				elle
		Indeterminate	on1	—	—	—	—	—
		Reflexive	—	se, s’4		—	—	soi4
Plural	First	—	nous	nous		—	—	nous
	Second	—	vous2	vous2,3		—	—	vous2
	Third	Masculine	ils3	les	leur	y	en	eux3
		Feminine	elles					elles

¹ Also used as the first person plural.

² Also used as the polite singular form.

³ Also used when a group has both men and women.

⁴ Also used as third person plural reflexive.

Further reading

• “m'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Contraction of mwen, from French moi.

Pronoun

m'

1. Alternative spelling of m; Contraction of mwen.

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mˠ/ (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
• IPA^(key): /mʲ/ (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)

Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)

1. Apocopic form of mo

See also

Irish personal pronouns

Number	Person (and gender)	Conjunctive (emphatic)	Disjunctive (emphatic)	Possessive determiner
Singular	First	mé (mise)		mo L m' before vowel sounds
	Second	tú (tusa)1	thú (thusa)	do L d' before vowel sounds
	Third masculine	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a L
	Third feminine	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a H
	Third neuter	—	ea	—
Plural	First	muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár E
	Second	sibh (sibhse)1		bhur E
	Third	siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a E

^L Triggers lenition ^E Triggers eclipsis ^H Triggers h-prothesis

¹ Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

Italian

Pronoun

m' (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of mi

Usage notes

Commonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.

See also

Italian personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Reflexive	Accusative	Dative	Conjunctive	Disjunctive	Locative	Partitive
Singular	first	—	io	mi, m', -mi			me	me	—
	second	—	tu	ti, t', -ti			te	te
	third	m	lui	si2, s', -si	lo, l', -lo	gli, -gli	glie, se2	lui, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f	lei, Lei1		la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1	le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1		lei, Lei1, sé
Plural	first	—	noi	ci, c', -ci			ce	noi	—
	second	—	voi, Voi4	vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4			ve	voi, Voi4
	third	m	loro, Loro1	si, s', -si	li, Li1, -li, -Li1	gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1	glie, se	loro, Loro1, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f			le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1	Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3	Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Middle French

Pronoun

m' (apocopate)

1. (before vowel sound) Apocopic form of me

Usage notes

• The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts

  il menvoia ― he sent me

Old French

Pronoun

m'

1. prevocalic form of me (“me, myself”)
2. prevocalic form of mon, ma (“my, mine”)
   • 13th century, Herman de Valenciennes, Assomption Nostre Dame, page 7, column 2, lines 16–17:

     ceo sacez m'amie tuit cil que te requerunt
     a tun commandement merci auvrunt

     this you know, my friend, that all those who are looking for you
     upon your command will have mercy

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m/ (before a back vowel sound)
• IPA^(key): /mʲ/ (before a front vowel sound)

Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)

1. Apocopic form of mo

Sassarese

Pronoun

m'

1. Apocopic form of mi, used before a vowel

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m/

Determiner

m'

1. Apocopic form of mo

See also

Scottish Gaelic possessive determiners

	Singular		Plural
	+ C	+ V	+ C	+ V
First person	moL	m'	ar	arN
Second person	doL	d'	ur	urN
Third person m	aL	—	an, am1)	an
Third person f	a	aH
L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; N Triggers eclipsis; 1) Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

References

• “m'” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.