爭
See also: 争
|
Translingual
editHan character
edit爭 (Kangxi radical 87, 爪+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月尸木 (BSD), four-corner 20507, composition ⿱爫⿻コ𬺰)
Derived characters
edit- 凈, 𠲜, 埩, 婙, 崢, 𢏰, 𢛵, 掙, 淨, 猙, 𫐭, 𪰭, 棦, 𪸾, 琤, 㬹, 𡴣, 𪟐, 睜, 碀, 竫, 𰁔, 𠬉, 𥺲, 䋫, 䍵, 𦓺, 𠎈, 諍, 𧶄, 踭, 𨌢, 𨲌, 𪬭, 錚, 靜, 𦽰, 𩗲, 𰏎, 𪢛, 𤔷, 𨘱, 䱢
- 𬋨, 𨛰, 𪺓, 𪺗, 𩓞, 𪺘, 𡸵, 𦱊, 箏, 鬇, 䦛
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 688, character 33
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19663
- Dae Jaweon: page 1101, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2031, character 3
- Unihan data for U+722D
Chinese
edittrad. | 爭/争 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 争 | |
alternative forms | 諍/诤 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 爭 | ||
---|---|---|
Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – two hands on a plowshare.
Etymology
edit- "to dispute; to fight; to contend; to strive"
- Cognate with Tibetan འཛིང་བ ('dzing ba, “to quarrel; to contend; to fight”), Burmese စစ် (cac, “war”) (Schuessler, 2007).
- "to lack; to owe"
- (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation 1
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zen1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zang1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zeng1
- Northern Min (KCR): cáing
- Eastern Min (BUC): căng / cĕng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1tsan; 1tsen
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
- Wade–Giles: chêng1
- Yale: jēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
- Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zen1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaang1 / zang1 / caang1
- Yale: jāang / jāng / chāang
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaang1 / dzang1 / tsaang1
- Guangdong Romanization: zang1 / zeng1 / cang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰaːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- zang1 - literary ("to dispute" and related senses);
- zaang1 - vernacular ("to contend", "to lack", "to owe");
- caang1 - "to lack".
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zang1 / cang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ³³/, /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
Note:
- zang1 - dispute, fight, etc.;
- cang1 - to lack, to be missing.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châng / chên
- Hakka Romanization System: zangˊ / zenˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zang1 / zen1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡saŋ²⁴/, /t͡sen²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zeng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cáing
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: căng / cĕng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɛiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- căng - vernacular;
- cĕng - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Penang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
- Tâi-lô: tsing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
- Tâi-lô: tsng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
Note:
- chiⁿ/cheⁿ - vernacular;
- cheng/chng - literary.
Note:
- 1tsan - vernacular;
- 1tsen - literary.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sən³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 爭 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡səŋ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡səŋ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡sə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡səŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂə̃n³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sen⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /t͡sə⁴⁴̃/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡sən³¹/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sən²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡səŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /t͡səŋ¹³/ /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/ ~氣 | |
Hohhot | /t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡səŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sen³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡siɛ³³/ /d͡ziɛ³¹/ /d͡ziɛ²²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʌ̃³¹/ /t͡sɛ³¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sən³³/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sɔn³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɑŋ⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sen⁴⁴/ 鬥~ /t͡saŋ⁴⁴/ ~食 |
Taoyuan | /t͡sɑŋ²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐŋ⁵³/ /t͡saŋ⁵³/ |
Nanning | /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/ /t͡sĩ⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡saŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡saiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sẽ³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡seŋ²³/ /t͡sɛ²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: tsreang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤreŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsreːŋ/
Definitions
edit爭
- to dispute; to fight
- to contend
- 大家爭倒發言。 [Sichuanese, trad.]
- From: 现代汉语方言大词典
- da4 jia1 zen1 dao fa2 yan2 [Sichuanese Pinyin]
- Everyone is fighting for a chance to speak.
大家争倒发言。 [Sichuanese, simp.]
- to strive
- (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Jin, dialectal Min, Southern Wu) to lack; to be missing; still have; remaining
- (Cantonese) to have a difference (expressed in conjunction with terms of physical distance)
- (Ürümqi Mandarin) argumentative
- (Ürümqi Mandarin) to open up
- (dialectal) to owe
- (Wanrong Mandarin) because; due to; so that
- (Wanrong Mandarin) capable
- (Suzhounese, Dongguan Cantonese) to argue for the sake of arguing
- (Wenzhounese) different
- (Jinhua Wu) to have reservations
- 25th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contention" (𝌞)
- why, how
Synonyms
edit- (to lack): 欠 (qiàn)
- (to owe):
Compounds
edit- 一爭長短/一争长短
- 上下爭輝/上下争辉
- 不爭/不争 (bùzhēng)
- 不爭多/不争多
- 不爭得/不争得
- 不爭氣/不争气 (bùzhēngqì)
- 中法戰爭/中法战争
- 乖爭/乖争
- 交爭/交争
- 人民戰爭/人民战争 (rénmín zhànzhēng)
- 代理戰爭/代理战争
- 以阿戰爭/以阿战争
- 伊科戰爭/伊科战争
- 你爭我奪/你争我夺
- 係爭/系争
- 係爭物/系争物
- 傳統戰爭/传统战争
- 內爭/内争
- 全面戰爭/全面战争
- 兩伊戰爭/两伊战争 (Liǎngyī Zhànzhēng)
- 兩虎相爭/两虎相争
- 分爭/分争 (fēnzhēng)
- 分秒必爭/分秒必争 (fēnmiǎobìzhēng)
- 力爭/力争 (lìzhēng)
- 力爭上流/力争上流
- 力爭上游/力争上游
- 勞資爭議/劳资争议
- 北方戰爭/北方战争
- 十鼠爭穴/十鼠争穴
- 南北戰爭/南北战争 (Nánběi Zhànzhēng)
- 原子戰爭/原子战争
- 只爭旦夕/只争旦夕
- 吃醋爭風/吃醋争风
- 奮勇爭先/奋勇争先
- 宗教戰爭/宗教战争 (zōngjiào zhànzhēng)
- 差爭/差争
- 布匿戰爭/布匿战争
- 常規戰爭/常规战争 (chángguī zhànzhēng)
- 廷爭面折/廷争面折
- 必爭之地/必争之地 (bìzhēngzhīdì)
- 忿爭/忿争
- 恐後爭先/恐后争先 (kǒnghòuzhēngxiān)
- 息爭/息争
- 惡性競爭/恶性竞争
- 意氣之爭/意气之争 (yìqìzhīzhēng)
- 戰爭/战争 (zhànzhēng)
- 戰爭片/战争片
- 抗日戰爭/抗日战争 (Kàngrì Zhànzhēng)
- 抗爭/抗争 (kàngzhēng)
- 推鋒爭死/推锋争死
- 據理力爭/据理力争 (jùlǐlìzhēng)
- 據理而爭/据理而争
- 政治鬥爭/政治斗争
- 明爭暗鬥/明争暗斗 (míngzhēng'àndòu)
- 普奧戰爭/普奥战争
- 普法戰爭/普法战争
- 有限戰爭/有限战争
- 朋黨之爭/朋党之争
- 核子戰爭/核子战争 (hézǐ zhànzhēng)
- 桃李爭妍/桃李争妍
- 桃李爭輝/桃李争辉
- 桃柳爭妍/桃柳争妍
- 楚漢相爭/楚汉相争
- 權力鬥爭/权力斗争
- 波希戰爭/波希战争
- 滕薛爭長/滕薛争长
- 為國爭光/为国争光
- 炫異爭奇/炫异争奇
- 無血戰爭/无血战争
- 無限戰爭/无限战争
- 爭些/争些 (zhēngxiē)
- 爭交/争交 (zhēngjiāo)
- 爭似/争似
- 爭先/争先 (zhēngxiān)
- 爭光/争光 (zhēngguāng)
- 爭先恐後/争先恐后 (zhēngxiānkǒnghòu)
- 爭分奪秒/争分夺秒 (zhēngfēnduómiǎo)
- 爭功/争功
- 爭功諉過/争功诿过
- 爭勝/争胜 (zhēngshèng)
- 爭勝要強/争胜要强
- 爭友/争友
- 爭取/争取 (zhēngqǔ)
- 爭口/争口
- 爭口氣/争口气
- 爭名奪利/争名夺利 (zhēngmíngduólì)
- 爭名競利/争名竞利
- 爭名逐利/争名逐利
- 爭吵/争吵 (zhēngchǎo)
- 爭嘴/争嘴
- 爭四角/争四角
- 爭坐位帖/争坐位帖
- 爭執/争执 (zhēngzhí)
- 爭奈/争奈
- 爭奇鬥妍/争奇斗妍
- 爭奇鬥異/争奇斗异
- 爭奇鬥豔/争奇斗艳
- 爭奪/争夺 (zhēngduó)
- 爭妍/争妍 (zhēngyán)
- 爭妍獻媚/争妍献媚
- 爭妍鬥奇/争妍斗奇
- 爭妍鬥豔/争妍斗艳 (zhēngyándòuyàn)
- 爭寵/争宠 (zhēngchǒng)
- 爭差/争差
- 爭席/争席
- 爭強/争强 (zhēngqiáng)
- 爭強好勝/争强好胜
- 爭強賭勝/争强赌胜
- 爭強顯勝/争强显胜
- 爭強鬥勝/争强斗胜
- 爭戰/争战
- 爭拗/争拗
- 爭持/争持 (zhēngchí)
- 爭持不下/争持不下
- 爭權/争权 (zhēngquán)
- 爭權奪利/争权夺利 (zhēngquánduólì)
- 爭權攘利/争权攘利
- 爭氣/争气 (zhēngqì)
- 爭涉/争涉
- 爭球/争球
- 爭短論長/争短论长
- 爭端/争端 (zhēngduān)
- 爭競/争竞
- 爭紅鬥紫/争红斗紫
- 爭臉/争脸
- 爭臣/争臣
- 爭衡/争衡
- 爭訟/争讼 (zhēngsòng)
- 爭論/争论 (zhēnglùn)
- 爭議/争议 (zhēngyì)
- 爭豔/争艳
- 爭輝/争辉
- 爭辯/争辩 (zhēngbiàn)
- 爭逐/争逐
- 爭道/争道
- 爭鋒/争锋 (zhēngfēng)
- 爭鋒吃醋/争锋吃醋
- 爭長爭短/争长争短
- 爭長競短/争长竞短
- 爭長論短/争长论短
- 爭閑氣/争闲气
- 爭雄/争雄
- 爭霸/争霸 (zhēngbà)
- 爭霸戰/争霸战
- 爭面子/争面子 (zhēng miànzi)
- 爭頭鼓腦/争头鼓脑
- 爭風/争风
- 爭風吃醋/争风吃醋
- 爭鬥/争斗 (zhēngdòu)
- 爭鬧/争闹
- 爭鳴/争鸣 (zhēngmíng)
- 爭鹿/争鹿
- 牛李黨爭/牛李党争
- 生存競爭/生存竞争
- 甲午戰爭/甲午战争 (Jiǎwǔ Zhànzhēng)
- 百家爭鳴/百家争鸣 (bǎijiāzhēngmíng)
- 百年戰爭/百年战争 (Bǎinián Zhànzhēng)
- 百花爭妍/百花争妍 (bǎihuāzhēngyán)
- 直奉戰爭/直奉战争
- 直皖戰爭/直皖战争
- 萬壑爭流/万壑争流
- 競爭/竞争 (jìngzhēng)
- 競爭力/竞争力 (jìngzhēnglì)
- 競短爭長/竞短争长
- 紛爭/纷争 (fēnzhēng)
- 紛爭不已/纷争不已
- 耀眼爭光/耀眼争光
- 背本爭末/背本争末
- 自由競爭/自由竞争 (zìyóu jìngzhēng)
- 與世無爭/与世无争 (yǔshìwúzhēng)
- 與世靡爭/与世靡争
- 與民爭利/与民争利
- 良性競爭/良性竞争
- 薔薇戰爭/蔷薇战争
- 虎鬥龍爭/虎斗龙争
- 蝸角之爭/蜗角之争 (wōjiǎozhīzhēng)
- 蠻觸之爭/蛮触之争
- 蠻觸相爭/蛮触相争
- 解訟息爭/解讼息争
- 論爭/论争 (lùnzhēng)
- 諫爭如流/谏争如流
- 護法戰爭/护法战争
- 逐利爭名/逐利争名
- 那爭/那争
- 鄭人爭年/郑人争年
- 門戶之爭/门户之争
- 階級鬥爭/阶级斗争 (jiējí dòuzhēng)
- 雞爭鵝鬥/鸡争鹅斗
- 雞鶩爭食/鸡鹜争食
- 面折廷爭/面折廷争
- 革命戰爭/革命战争
- 革爭/革争
- 鬥巧爭奇/斗巧争奇
- 鬥爭/斗争 (dòuzhēng)
- 鬥爭鬥合/斗争斗合
- 鬥豔爭芳/斗艳争芳
- 鴉片戰爭/鸦片战争 (Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng)
- 鷸蚌相爭/鹬蚌相争 (yùbàngxiāngzhēng)
- 黨爭/党争 (dǎngzhēng)
- 鼓腦爭頭/鼓脑争头
- 龍戰虎爭/龙战虎争
- 龍爭虎戰/龙争虎战
- 龍爭虎鬥/龙争虎斗
Descendants
edit- → Vietnamese: giành
Pronunciation 2
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhèng
- Wade–Giles: chêng4
- Yale: jèng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
- Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaang3 / zang3
- Yale: jaang / jang
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaang3 / dzang3
- Guangdong Romanization: zang3 / zeng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːŋ³³/, /t͡sɐŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
edit爭
Compounds
editReferences
edit- “爭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
edit争 | |
爭 |
Kanji
edit爭
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 争)
Readings
editKorean
editHanja
editCompounds
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit爭: Hán Nôm readings: tranh, tránh, giành
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Translingual symbols
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