d

See also: D, d', and Appendix:Variations of "d"

d U+0064, d LATIN SMALL LETTER D ← c [U+0063] Basic Latin e → [U+0065]

ᵈ U+1D48, ᵈ MODIFIER LETTER SMALL D ← ᵇ [U+1D47] Phonetic Extensions ᵉ → [U+1D49]

ⅾ U+217E, ⅾ SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL FIVE HUNDRED ← ⅽ [U+217D] Number Forms ⅿ → [U+217F]

ｄ U+FF44, ｄ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER D ← ｃ [U+FF43] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｅ → [U+FF45]

Translingual

Etymology 1

Modification of capital letter D, from Ancient Greek letter Δ (D, “Delta”).

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

Usage notes

The letter d is used in the alphabets of many languages, and in several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent the voiced alveolar or dental plosive (/d/). In some languages and transcription systems, d may also represent other sounds, such as /t/ or /ð/.

See also

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter D):  Ďď  Ḋḋ  Ḑḑ  Ḍḍ  Ḓḓ  Ḏḏ  Đđ  D̦d̦  Ɖɖ  Ɗɗ  Ƌƌ  ᵭ  ᶁ  ᶑ  ȡ  ᴅ  Ｄｄ  ȸ  DZDzdz  DZDzdz  DŽDždž  DŽDždž
• (select similar letters and symbols) ∂ ₫ ð
• (other scripts) δ (d), д (d), ד, د (d)
• See Appendix:Variations of "d"

Etymology 2

Lower case form of upper case roman numeral D, a standardization of Ꟈ or Ð, from tally stick markings resembling a superimposed Ɔ and ⋀, from the practice of encircling each hundredth ⋀ notch.

Alternative forms

• D, Ⅾ, ⅾ

Numeral

d (lower case Roman numeral, upper case D)

1. cardinal number five hundred (500).

Usage notes

With a bar over the numeral, i.e., as d̅, it represents five hundred thousand (500,000).

See also

• Lesser roman numeral symbol: c (“100”)
• Greater roman numeral symbol: m (“1000”)
• Roman numerals

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA:

  (file)

Symbol

d

1. (mathematics) the (path-independent, exact) differential of a quantity
2. (IPA) a voiced alveolar plosive.
3. (superscript ⟨ᵈ⟩, IPA) [d]-onset (prestopping / preocclusion / preplosion), [d]-release, [d]-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [d].
4. (financial mathematics) annual effective discount rate

Gallery

• Letter styles
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase versions of D, in normal and italic type
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase D in Fraktur
• 
  Approximate form of upper case letter D in uncial script that was the source for lower case d

See also

• (IPA): t (“voiceless alveolar plosive”)
• (mathematics): δ

Other representations of D:

NATO phonetic: Delta Morse code: -·· Braille: ⠙ ASL Manual: D

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

English

Etymology 1

Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛞ, the Old English letter replaced by Latin d

Old English lower case letter d, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case d of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛞ.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /diː/
  • Rhymes: -iː
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/

Audio (US):

(file)

Audio (UK):

(file)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D, plural ds or d's)

1. The fourth letter of the English alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Derived terms

• abecedism
• alpha-d-galactosidase
• d-amphetamine
• d-beat
• d-flat
• d flat
• d-hole
• d-man
• d-note
• d-pad
• d sharp
• d-sharp
• d-word
• k-d tree
• small d democrat
• small-d democrat

 

Number

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The ordinal number fourth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

Abbreviations.

• (British penny; old penny): abbreviation of Latin denarii, the name of the corresponding Roman coin.
• (dice): abbreviation of dice

d

1. Abbreviation of died or death.

   William Shakespeare, d 1616

2. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of do and inflections doing, did, done and homophone due

   exception: dz 'does'

3. (stenoscript) prefix dis- or des-

Adjective

d

1. (cricket) Abbreviation of declared.

   Synonym: dec

Adverb

d

1. (crosswords) Abbreviation of down.

   Do you have the answer for 23d?

2. (Malaysia, informal) Abbreviation of already. Used to form the perfect tenses. Used in text messages.

   Come d.

   Done d.

Prefix

d

1. (stenoscript) the prefix dis- or des-

Symbol

d

1. (until February 1971) A British penny; an old penny (the modern decimal penny being abbreviated p).

   £sd — “pounds, shillings and pence”

2. (dice games) Die or dice.

   d20 — a specialized die with twenty sides

   2d6 — the sum of the roll of two six-sided dice

3. A penny, a measure of the size of nails.

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (d) (upper case D, lower case d)

1. The 5th letter of the Standard Albanian Latin-script alphabet.
2. The 7th letter of the Arvanitic Albanian Greek-script alphabet.

See also

• (Greek script letters) Α α, Β β, Ƃ ƅ, Γ γ, Γϳ γϳ, Δ δ, D d, Ε ε, Ε̱ ε̱, Ζ ζ, Ζ̇ ζ̇, Θ θ, Ι ι, Ϳ ϳ, Κ κ, Κ̇ κ̇, Λ λ, ΛΛ λλ, Λ̇ λ̇, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ν̇ ν̇, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Ρ̇ ρ̇, Σ σ, Σ̈ σ̈, Τ τ, Ȣ ȣ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Χ̇ χ̇, ΤΣ τσ, ΤΣ̈ τσ̈, DΣ dσ, DΣ̈ dσ̈
• (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

Alemannic German

Article

d f

1. (definite) the
   • 1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):

     Di nöchscht rächts. Mir fared i d’Fäldschtrass.

     The next right. We'll drive down Feldstrasse.

Article

d pl

1. (definite) the

Declension

Alemannic German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative/Accusative	de dr (Bern)	d	s ds (Bern)	d
Dative	em	der	em	de

• Masculine nominative/accusative singular de has the form der before a vowel, e.g. der alt Maa ‘the old man’
• Dative plural de has the form den before a vowel, e.g. den alte Fraue ‘(to) the old women’
• Feminine singular d and plural d have the variant di before an adjective, e.g. di jung Mueter ‘the young mother’

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d lower case (upper case D)

1. The fifth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/, [d̪e̞]

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Basque alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɗ/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

Chinese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of d – see 啲 (“a few; a little bit; some; a bit; a bit more; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 啲).

Etymology 2

From English differentiate or the differentiation symbol d.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): di¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: di¹
    • Yale: dī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: di¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: di¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiː⁵⁵/

Verb

d

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, mathematics) to differentiate

   d唔到 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  di¹ m⁴ dou^3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  nondifferentiable

   d兩次／d两次 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  di¹ loeng⁵ ci³ [Jyutping]  ―  to take the second derivative (literally, “to differentiate twice”)

Related terms

• in (in¹, “to integrate”)

See also

• D

Chipewyan

Pronunciation

1. IPA^(key): /t/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eː
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /deː/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• Previous letter: c
• Next letter: e

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /do/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone (letter name): do (“so, therefore”)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fifth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called do and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd̥eː/, [ˈd̥eː]

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

Fijian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ⁿd/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Fijian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y

Finnish

Etymology 1

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and d for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdeː/, [ˈde̞ː] (name of letter)

• Audio: dee, vadelma, kädet, dee:

  (file)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Used only in loanwords except for the weak grade of t.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

Etymology 2

German musical notation.

Noun

d

1. (music) D (note)

Usage notes

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

Declension

Declension of d (type maa) singular plural nominative d d:t genitive d:n d:iden d:itten partitive d:tä d:itä accusative d d:n d:t inessive d:ssä d:issä elative d:stä d:istä illative d:hen d:ihin adessive d:llä d:illä ablative d:ltä d:iltä allative d:lle d:ille essive d:nä d:inä translative d:ksi d:iksi abessive d:ttä d:ittä instructive – d:in comitative – d:ineen

Derived terms

compounds

• D-duuri
• d-molli

 

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
   • 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche‎^{fr.Wikisource}, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Volume I, Chapter II:

     [À] peine les petits oiseaux nuancés de mille couleurs avaient-ils salué des harpes de leurs langues, dans une douce et mielleuse harmonie, la venue de l’aurore au teint de rose, ... que le fameux chevalier don Quichotte de la Manche ... prit sa route à travers l’antique et célèbre plaine de Montiel.

     [S]carce had the little birds shaded of a thousand colours hailed from the harps of their tongues, in a soft and mellifluous harmony, the coming of the pink-tinted dawn, ... when the famous knight Don Quixote of La Mancha ... took his route across the ancient and famous Campo de Montiel.

Fula

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

Gothic

Romanization

d

1. Romanization of 𐌳

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈd]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈdeː]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called dé and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	d	d-k
accusative	d-t	d-ket
dative	d-nek	d-knek
instrumental	d-vel	d-kkel
causal-final	d-ért	d-kért
translative	d-vé	d-kké
terminative	d-ig	d-kig
essive-formal	d-ként	d-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	d-ben	d-kben
superessive	d-n	d-ken
adessive	d-nél	d-knél
illative	d-be	d-kbe
sublative	d-re	d-kre
allative	d-hez	d-khez
elative	d-ből	d-kből
delative	d-ről	d-kről
ablative	d-től	d-ktől
non-attributive possessive - singular	d-é	d-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	d-éi	d-kéi

Possessive forms of d
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	d-m	d-im
2nd person sing.	d-d	d-id
3rd person sing.	d-je	d-i
1st person plural	d-nk	d-ink
2nd person plural	d-tek	d-itek
3rd person plural	d-jük	d-ik

Derived terms

Compound words

• d-moll

 

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• (sound and letter): d in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (musical note and its key/position): d in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• d in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /tjɛː/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Ido

Pronunciation

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /d/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /de/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /de/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Italian

Letter

d f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Italian alphabet, called di and written in the Latin script.

Kabyle

Etymology

From Proto-Berber *d. Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⴷ (d).

Particle

d

1. (copula) to be

   D tidett!

   It's true!

   Nekk d anelmad.

   I am a student.

Particle

d

1. proximal particle; suffixed onto verbs to indicate a direction towards an inferred reference point

Conjunction

d

1. and

   Nekk d gma neggan.

   Me and my brother were sleeping.

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and d for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, àã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d]

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

D

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called dē and written in the Latin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

Livonian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d̪/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

Lushootseed

Letter

d

1. The ninth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a voiced alveolar stop.

Malay

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Maltese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/
• IPA^(key): /t/ (per final devoicing or assimilation to a following voiceless obstruent)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

Norwegian

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /deː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/, (in rd) /ɖ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

d

1. The fourth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /deː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/, (in rd) /ɖ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: det

Letter

d (upper case D, definite singular d-en, indefinite plural d-er, definite plural d-ene)

1. The fourth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /deː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/, (in rd) /ɖ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: de, det

Letter

d (upper case D, definite singular d-en, indefinite plural d-ar, definite plural d-ane)

1. The fourth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

• (det): abbreviation
• (død): abbreviation

Pronoun

d

1. Abbreviation of det.

Article

d

1. Abbreviation of det.

Adjective

d

1. Abbreviation of død.

References

• “d” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Nupe

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and d for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d/, or IPA^(key): /t/ if devoiced

Letter

d (upper case D, lower case)

1. The sixth letter of the Polish alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Audio (Brazil):

  (file)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Noun

d m (uncountable)

1. Abbreviation of dom. (as a title)

Romani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called de or dî and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă,  â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Πî, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by c and followed by e. Its traditional name is dair (“oak”).

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (À à), B b (Bh bh), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh), E e (È è), F f (Fh fh), G g (Gh gh), H h, I i (Ì ì), L l, M m (Mh mh), N n, O o (Ò ò), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th), U u (Ù ù)
• (diacritics) ◌̀
• (obsolete vowels) Á á É é Ó ó

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• D (uppercase)

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (Cyrillic spelling д)

1. The 6th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by ć and followed by dž.

Silesian

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and d for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, àã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ŏ ŏ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The eighth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Gaj's Latin alphabet d, from Czech alphabet d, from Latin d, which is a modification of capital letter D, from Ancient Greek letter Δ (D, “Delta”). Pronunciation as IPA^(key): /də/ is initial Slovene (phoneme plus a fill vowel) and the second pronunciation is probably taken from German d.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/, [p]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /də́/, /dèː/, /déː/

• Audio (letter name, non-tonal):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ə, -eː

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fifth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. The seventh letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.
3. The fifth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in the Latin script.

Symbol

d

1. (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [d].

Noun

d m inan

1. The name of the Latin script letter D / d.
2. (linguistics) The name of the phoneme /d/.

Inflection

• Overall more common

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing.	d
gen. sing.	d-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	d	d-ja	d-ji
genitive (rodȋlnik)	d-ja	d-jev	d-jev
dative (dajȃlnik)	d-ju	d-jema	d-jem
accusative (tožȋlnik)	d	d-ja	d-je
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	d-ju	d-jih	d-jih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	d-jem	d-jema	d-ji

• More common when with a definite adjective

Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing.	d
gen. sing.	d
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	d	d	d
accusative	d	d	d
genitive	d	d	d
dative	d	d	d
locative	d	d	d
instrumental	d	d	d

Etymology 2

From da with the same meaning, from Proto-Slavic *da, from Proto-Indo-European *doh₂, which is pronoun Proto-Indo-European *de-, Proto-Indo-European *do- 'this' in lative case. Simplification occurred due to modern vowel reduction as the final /a/ reduced to /ə/.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /də́/

• Audio (non-tonal):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ə

Conjunction

d

1. (colloquial) that, so that, so
   • 2007 October 11, “Športna medicina: forum”, in The nutriitiion.com‎^[1]:

     ko treniraš s prevelikimi težami si rekel d se rast ustavi, ker telo vso enrgijo porab za mišice, kaj pa če s tem prenehaš a pol se rast spet začne?

     When you are training with too heavy weights, you said that the growth stops because the body uses all the energy for the muscles, but what if you stop doing it, does the growth begin again?

See also

• (Latin-script letters) čŕka; A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž
• đ

Further reading

• “d”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (phoneme) /d/, [ð̞]
• IPA^(key): (letter name) /ˈde/ [ˈd̪e]

  • Audio (Spain):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -e

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/ [d̪e]
• Rhymes: -e

Preposition

d

1. (text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of de.

Swedish

Pronoun

d

1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Pronunciation spelling of det (“it”).

Article

d

1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Pronunciation spelling of det (“it”).

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish d. Each pronunciation has a different source:

• Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English d.
• Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish d.
• Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜇ (da).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈdi/ [ˈdi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • Rhymes: -i
  • IPA^(key): /ˈde/ [ˈdɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
    • Rhymes: -e
  • IPA^(key): /ˈda/ [ˈda] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
    • Rhymes: -a
  • IPA^(key): /d/ [d] (phoneme)

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

1. The fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called di and written in the Latin script.
2. (historical) The fifth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called de and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

• Sometimes switched with the letter ⟨r⟩ between vowels, ⟨w⟩, or ⟨y⟩ in a word due to lenition of /d/ to /ɾ/ such as dadaan can become daraan. Compare flapping in pronunciation of English medal. The letter does not change if the next consonant is an /ɾ/ (such as madurog does not become marurog) or /l/ (such as madilim does not become marilim).
• Some words starting with the letter can also become ⟨r⟩ if the last letter of the preceding word is a vowel, ⟨w⟩, or ⟨y⟩. Examples are daw/raw, dito/rito, dami/rami, and damot/ramot.
• On all cases stated above, it is acceptable whether ⟨d⟩ or ⟨r⟩ is used. However, the said phenomena do not occur on proper nouns nor recent loan words.
• In the Teresa-Morong dialect, the letter r may interchange with the letter on any position in the word even when not followed by a vowel, ⟨w⟩, or ⟨y⟩. (ex. ragat/dagat and bayar/bayad). Exceptions are recent loanwords, or if the next consonant after a /d/ is /ɾ/ (such as in durog) or /l/ (such as in dila).
• Often switched with the letter ⟨r⟩ on non-initial positions in early texts which may indicate ancient pronunciation of words.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D, Baybayin spelling ᜇ)

1. The fourth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called da and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English d (dee), homophonous to di.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈdiʔ/ [ˈdiʔ]
• Rhymes: -iʔ

Adverb

d (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

1. (text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of di.

Further reading

• chapter D, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fifth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

Turkmen

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d/

Letter

d (upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called de and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ze˧˧], [ʔɗe˧˧], [zəː˨˩]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [jej˧˧], [ʔɗej˧˧], [jəː˦˩]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [jej˧˧], [ʔɗej˧˧], [jəː˨˩]
• Phonetic spelling: dê, đê, dờ

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The sixth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called dê, đê, or dờ and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, àã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ),  â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): /diː/
  • (informal) IPA^(key): /də/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fifth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called di and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by ch and followed by dd.

Mutation

• d at the beginning of words mutates to dd in a soft mutation, to n in a nasal mutation and is unchanged by aspirate mutation, for example with the word draig (“dragon”):

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
draig	ddraig	nraig	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à,  â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Πî, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter D, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /dí/

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The third letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called dí and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
• (Benin) (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

Zulu

Letter

d (lower case, upper case D)

1. The fourth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z