User:Ungoliant MMDCCLXIV/Portuguese words of Germanic origin

This is a glossary of Portuguese words that come from Germanic languages. It is further divided into words that come from English, Frankish, Langobardic, Middle Dutch, Middle High German, Middle Low German, Old English, Old High German, Old Norse, Old Swedish, and Visigothic, and others with roots unclear or unknown.

Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from other languages. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Portuguese words from a different language. Some words contain non-Germanic elements. Any form with an asterisk (*) is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

Dutch

bombordo

port side of a ship]]: from French babord "portside", from Dutch bakboord "left side of a ship", literally "back side of a ship" (from the fact that most ships were steered from the starboard side), from bak "back, behind", (from Germanic *bakam) + boord "board, side of a ship", see borde below (in Germanic section). Also see estibordo' "starboard" below in the Germanic section

berbequim

carpenter's brace: from regional French veberquin (French vilebrequin), from Dutch wimmelken, from wimmel "auger, drill, carpenter's brace" + -ken, a diminutive suffix, see maniquí below in Middle Dutch section.

English

bar

(the beverage establishment)

basquete

basketball

bit

byte

cheque

cheque (US English check)

clique

click

clicar

to click

clube

club

estandarte

standard

futebol

football

interface

interface

náilon

nylon

sanduíche

sandwich

champoo

shampoo

choque

shock

teste

test

turista

tourist

vagão

wagon

faroeste

far west, Western, cowboy

checking, check-up

cocktail, x-burger

cheeseburger, hot dog, hamburger, fast food

mouse, deletar

telemarketing

know-how

mesmerizar

mesmerize

Frankish

aguentar

to endure, bear, resist: from Italian agguantare "to retain, take hold of" (originally "to detain with gauntlets"), from a- + guanto "gauntlet", from Frankish *want (see guante below) + verbal suffix -are (suffix changed to -ar in Spanish).

alojar

to lodge, to house, to provide hospitality: from Catalan allotjar, from llotja from Old French loge, see lonja below.

bordar

to embroider: from Frankish *bruzdon (source of Old French brouder, brosder and French broder), from Germanic *bruzd- "point, needle", from the IE root *bhrs-dh-, from *bhrs-, from *bhar-, "point, nail."

destacar

to detach troops]]: from French détachar (influenced by Spanish atacar), from Old French destachier "to unattach", from des- "apart, away" + atachier, a variation of estachier, from estaca, from Frankish stakka, see estaca below in Germanic section.

destacar

to stand out, to emphasize: from Italian staccare "to separate", from Old French destacher, destachier, see destacar above.

estandarte

a military standard: from Old French estandart, probably from Frankish *standhard "standard that marks a meeting place", (implicit sense]]: "that which stands firmly"), from *standan "to stand", (from Germanic *standan, from the IE root *sta- "to stand" [1]) + *hard "hard, firm", see ardid below in Germanic section.

luva/luvas

glove, gauntlet: from Catalan guant "gauntlet", from Frankish *want "gauntlet." [2]

loja

market, building where merchants and sellers gather]]: from regional Catalan llonja (Modern Catalan llotja), from Old French logo "dwelling, shelter", from Frankish *laubja "covering, enclosure", from Germanic *laubja "shelter" (implicit sense "roof made of bark"), from the IE root *leup- "to peel."

Latinate, of Germanic origin

[[bisonte (from L bisont-,bison from Gmc, akin to OHG wisant, aurochs)

[[feudal (from Latin feodum, feudum of Gmc origin, akin to OE feoh, cattle, property)

filtro; filtrar

"filter; to filter" from ML filtrum felt from Gmc, akin to OE felt, felt

[[instalar (from ML installare from stallum of Gmc origin, akin to OHG stal, stall)

sabão

"soap" from Latin sapon-, sapo, soap from Gmc

Langobardic

palco

a balcony, balcony of a theater: from Italian palco, from Langobardic palko "scaffolding", from Germanic *balkōn "beam, crossbeam", see balcão below in Germanic section.

Middle Dutch

baluarte

bulwark]]: from Old French boloart "bulwark, rampart, terreplein converted to a boulevard", from Middle Dutch bolwerc "rampart",

amarrar

to moor a boat, to tie, to fasten]]: from French amarrer, "to moor", from Middle Dutch aanmarren "to fasten", from aan "on" (from Germanic *ana, *anō, from the IE] root *an-[3]) + marren "to fasten, to moor a boat."

manequim

a mannequin, dummy, puppet: from French mannequin, from (probably via Catalan maniquí) Dutch manneken, mannekijn "little man", from Middle Dutch mannekijn, from man "a man" (see alemán below in Germanic section) + the diminutive suffix -ken, -kin, -kijn, from West Germanic*-kin (cf. Modern German -chen)

rumo

direction, course, route, pomp, ostentation]]: from Old Spanishrumbo "each of the 32 points on a compass", from Middle Dutch rume "space, place, rhumb line, storeroom of a ship", from Germanic rūmaz "space, place", from the IE root *reu- "space, to open" [4].

Middle English

beisebol

baseball: from Modern English, from base (from Old French base, from Latin basis "base, pedestal", from Ancient Greek βασις basis, from βαινειν bainein "to go, to come", from the IE root [5]) + ball from Middle English bal, (from either Old Norse böllr OR Old English*beall[6]) both from Germanic *ball-, from the IE root *bhel- "to swell" [7].

boxear

to box: from Middle English box [8]

Old English

arlequim

harlequin: from Italian arlecchino, from Old French Herlequin "mythic chief of a tribe", probably from Middle English Herle king, from Old English Herla cyning, Herla Kyning literally ‘’King Herla’’, a king of Germanic mythologyidentified with Odin/Woden. Cyning "king" is from Germanic *kunjan "family" (hence, by extension royal family), from the IE root *gen- "to birth, regenerate" [9].

bote

a small, uncovered boat]]: from Old French bot, from Middle English bot, boot, from Old Englishbāt, from Germanic *bait-, from the IE root *bheid- "to split" [10].

este

east]]: from French est, from Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Germanic *aust-, from the IE root *awes-, aus "to shine" [11].

norte

north]]: from Old French nord, from Old Englishnorth, from Germanic *north-, from the IE root *nr-to "north", from *nr- "under, to the left" [12]

oeste

west]]: from Middle English west, from Old Englishwest, from Germanic *west-, from *wes-to-, from *wes-, from *wespero- "evening, dusk" [13]

sul

south (combining form)]]: from Old French sud "south", from Old Englishsūth, from Germanic *sunthaz, from the IE root *sun-, swen-, varaints of *sāwel- "sun" [14]

Old High German

banca

bench: see banco’’: bench below

banco

bench]]: from Old High German banc "bench, board"

banco

bank: from French banque "bank", from Italian banca "bench, money changer's table", from Old High German banc, see banco’’: bench above

Old Norse

bife

steak, beefsteak]]: from Englishbeefsteak, from beef (ultimately from Latin bōs, bovis "cow", from the IE root *gwou- "ox, bull, cow" [15]) + steak, from Middle English steyke, from Old Norse steik "piece of meat cooked on a spit", from Germanic *stik-, see estaca below in the Germanic section.

Visigothic

agasalhar

perhaps from Latin *ad-gasaliare, from Visigothic *gasalja (partner, colleague)

guarda

guard, bodyguard, protection: from Visigothic wardja "a guard", from Germanic wardaz, from the IE root *wor-to-, see guardar below in Germanic section.

guardião

guardian: from Visgothic wardjan accusative of wardja, see guardia above.

atacar

to attack]]: Olt Italianattaccare "to fasten, join, unite, attack (implicit sense]]: to join in a battle)", changed from *estacar (by influence of a-, common verbal prefix) "to fasten, join", from Visigothic stakka "a stick, stake", from Germanic *stak-, see estaca in Germanic section.

Germanic

abandonar

to abandon: from Old French a bandon, from a + bandon "control" from ban "proclamation, jurisdiction, power", from Germanic *banwan, *bannan "to proclaim, speak publicly" [16][17]

abordar

to board a ship, to approach, to undertake]]: from a- + ''bordo "side of a ship", variation of borde, see borde below

abotoar

to button: from a- + botão "button", see botão below

abrasar

to burn, to parch]]: from a- + brasa "a coal, ember" (see brasa below) + the verbal suffix -ar

aguardar

to wait, wait for]]: from a- + guardar, see guardar below.

alemão

of Germany (adjective), the German language: from Late Latin Alemanni, an ancient Germanic tribe, from Germanic *alamanniz (represented in Gothic alamans), from ala- "all" + mannis, plural of manna-/mannaz "man" (Gothic manna) from the IE root *man- "man" [18]

ardil

trick, scheme, ruse: from Old Spanishardid "risky undertaking in war", from Catalan ardit (noun) "risky undertaking, strategy", from ardit (adjective) "daring, bold", from a Germanic source represented in Old High Germanharti "daring, bold" and hart "hard", both from the IE root *kor-tu- [19].

arenque

herring: possibly via French hareng, from Germanic (compare Old High Germanhārinc).

harpa

a harp: from French: harpe, from Germanic *harpōn-.

arrimar

to approach: possibly from Old French arrimer, arimer "to arrange the cargo in the storeroom of a ship", from Germanic *rūmaz "room"

atrapar

to trap, to ensnare: from French attraper, from Old French a- + trape "trap", from Germanic *trep- (seen in the Old Englishtræppe) from the IE root *dreb-, from *der- "to run."

bala

a bullet: Italian balla/palla, from Germanic *ball-, see beisebol above in Old English section.

balcão

a balcony: from Italian balcone, from Olt Italianbalcone "scaffold", from Germanic *balkōn "beam, crossbeam", from the IE root *bhelg- "beam, board, plank."

balão

a large ball: from Italian ballone, pallone, balla (see bala above) + -one, an augmentive suffix, related to and possibly the source of Spanish -ão (in balão).

banda

ribbon, band, sash: from Old French bande "knot, fastening", from Germanic ';[[band-', from the IE root *bhondh-, from *bhendh-[20]

banda

band, troop, musical group: from Germanic ';[[bandwa-', "standard, signal", also "group" (from the use of a military standard by some groups), from the IE root *bha- "to shine" (implicit sense "signal that shines").

bandeira

banner: from Vulgar Latin *bandaria "banner", from Late Latin bandum "standard", from Germanic *bandwa, see banda: group below

bandido

bandit, gangster: from Italian bandito "bandit", from bandire "to band together", from Germanic ';[[banwan', see abandonar above

banquete

a banquet: rom Old French banquet, diminutive of banc "bench, long seat", of Germanic origin, of the same family as the Old High Germanbanc, see banco]]: bench above in Old High German section.

bisonte

Bison bison: from Latin bisontem (accusative of bison) "wisent (Bison bonasus)", from Germanic *wisand-, wisunt- (Old High Germanwisant, wisunt).

branco

white, white person, blank: from Vulgar Latin *blancus, from Germanic *blank- "to shine", from the IE root[21].

bloco

a block, a bloc: from French bloc, from Middle Dutch blok "trunk of a tree", from a Germanic source represented in the Old High Germanbloh.

boêmio

a bohemian, of Bohemia, vagabond, eccentric, Gitano, gypsy: from bohemio/Bohemia (from the belief that the Gitanos came from Bohemia), from Latin bohemus, from Boihaemum, literally "place of the Boi/Boii (from Celtic, see bohemio + Latin -haemum "home", from Germanic *haima "home", from the IE root *koi-mo-, from

borda

border, edge: from Old French bord "side of a ship, border, edge", from Frankish

bosque

forest, woods: from Catalan of Provençal of Old French bosc, from Germanic *busk- "brush, underbrush, thicket" (source of Old High Germanbusc).

bosquejo

a sketch, outline, rough draft: from Spanish bosquejar "to sketch, to outline", probably from Catalan bosquejar from bosc, see bosque above.

bota

a boot: from or simply from the same source as French botte "boot", from Old French bote "boot", probably from the same source as Modern French pied bot "deformed foot" in which bot is from Germanic *būtaz, from the IE root *bhau- "to strike", see botar below.

botar

to throw, to bounce, to jump: from Old French boter, bouter "to open, to hit, to strike, to perforate", from Romance bottare "to strike, to push, to shove", from Germanic * buttan "to hit, to strike" from the IE root *bhau- [22]

botão

button: from Old French boton, bouton "button", from boter, bouter "to open, perforate", see botar above

bóia

a buoy: probably from Old French boie, from Germanic, possibly from Old High Germanbouhhan, from Germanic *baukna- "signal", from the IE root *bha- "to shine" [23]

brasa

a coal, ember: from Old French brese "a coal" (Modern French braise), probably from Germanic *bres-, *bhres-, from the IE root *bhreu- [24]

estaca

a stake: from Germanic *stak-, from the IE root *steg- "pale, post pointed stick" [25].

estibordo

starboard side of a ship: from Old French estribord "starboard", (Modern French tribord), from a Germanic source (confer Old English stēorbord). From Germanic *stiurjō "to steer", + Germanic

grupo

group: from Italian gruppo, from a Germanic word represented by Old High Germankropf "beak."

guardar

to guard, watch over, keep, observe (a custom): from Germanic *wardōn "to look after, take care of", from the IE root *wor-to-, "to watch", from *wor-, *wer- "to see, watch, perceive" [26]

oboé

an oboe: from French hautbois from haut (ultimately from Latin altus "high") + bois "wood", see bosque above.

sala

a room: from Germanic sal- "room, house", from the IE root *sol- "hamlet, human settlement."

salão

main room of a house (see sala above) + -on, augmentive suffix.

trampa

a trap: possibly from Germanic, from the same derivation as trampolín (see below) and atrapar (see above).

trampolim

a trampoline: from Italian trampolino "trampoline" (implicit sense]]: game of agility on stilts), from trampoli, plural of a Germanic word *tramp- (such as Germantrampeln and Old High Germantrampen, both meaning "to tread, trample"), from the IE root *dreb-, from

vanguarda

vanguard]]: from Old Spanishavanguardia, from Catalan avantguarda from avant "before, advance", (from Latin ab- + ante "before") + guarda "guard", from Germanic wardaz, see guardia above in Visigothic section.

List

A

abandonar; abandono

"to abandon" ; "abandon"

atacar

"to attack"

abordar

"to attack (a problem)"

B

[[bala

balcão

"balcony"

[[bandeira

bandoleiro

"bandit"

[[banquete

[[barão

bebé

"baby"

bife

"beefsteak"

bigode

"moustache" (from German Bei Gott, "By God")

[[bisonte

branco; branca

"white"

bloco; bloquear

"block; to block"

[[bordar="to embroider"

bote

"boat"

bramar

"to bellow, roar"

brecha

"breach, opening"

brinde

"toast (with drinks)"

brio

"spirit", "brio" (Celtic???)

brisa

"breeze" (Old Spanish briza from East Frisian brisen, to blow fresh and strong)

[[brocha

brotar

"to sprout"

buganvília

"bougainvillea"

burguês

"bourgeoisie", "member of the middle class"

[[busca; buscar

C

carpa

"carp"

chocar

"to crash, collide"

clube

"club, association"

cobalto

"cobalt"

comarca

"region"

correia

"strap, belt, leash"

D

dália, dahlia

(named for): Swedish18th century botanist Anders Dahl)

dinamarquês

"a Dane, a citizen of the Kingdom of [[Denmark"

dança, dançar

"dance; to dance"

dardo

"a dart"

debute

dique

"a dike wall"

dólar

"a dollar"

E

edredão/edredom

"eiderdown"

emboscar

"to ambush"

embraiagem

"clutch"

enriquecer

estampar

"to stamp"

estampida

estandarte

este

"east"

estuco

estuque

F

feudal

feudo

flibusteiro

filme

filtro

filtrar

flutuar

frota

flotilha

folclore (from English Folklore)

fornido

fornecido

forragem

forrar

Swedish

framboesa

francês

Swedish

franco

(candid)

franco

(money)

franquear

Swedish

frasco

fresco

futebol

G

gabardine; gabardina

gaita

Swedish

galante

galardão

Swedish

galope

Swedish

gado

Swedish

ganhar

Swedish

ganso; gansa

Swedish

garagem

garantia

Swedish

garbo

Swedish

gardênia

Swedish

garrote

Swedish

gavião

gravar

Swedish

gripe, gripa

grisalho

groselha

Swedish

grupo

gadanha

guarida

Swedish

guarnição

guerra

Swedish

guerrilha

gueto

guia

"a guide"

guiar

Swedish

guilhotina

guião

Swedish

grinalda

Swedish

guisa

Swedish

guisar

H

falar

heraldo

I

inglês

instalar

J

jardim

L

lastro

Swedish

lata

Swedish

lista

Swedish

lote

lotaria

Swedish

lua-de-mel

(calque)

M

maleta

Swedish

Malta

maquiagem

marcar

Swedish

marcha

Swedish

marchar

Swedish

marechal

Swedish

marquês

Swedish

marquesa

Swedish

marta

Swedish

mascote

Swedish

mação

mastro

N

nórdico

Swedish

normando

norte

O

oeste

"west"

orgulho

pride

P

palco

paquete

Swedish

placa

Swedish

Q

queque

"cake"

R

rancho

raça

"race (lineage)" from Italian raza of Gmc origin, akin to OHG rīga, line; OE ræw, row

raspar

rata

ratão

refrescar

refutar

(Germanic origin???)

reno

Swedish

retaguarda

Swedish

rico

Swedish

rifa

Swedish

rifle

Swedish

riqueza

Swedish

roubar

Swedish

roubo

Swedish

rum

roupa

Swedish

rufião

rumba

Swedish

russo

S

sala

salão

saxofone

sopa

Swedish

sud- /sul

sueco

suíço

T

tacha

Swedish

taco

Swedish

tacão

talar

Swedish

tampão

tapa

Swedish

tapar

Swedish

tarjeta

Swedish

teta

Swedish

teutônico

toalha

Swedish

toldo

Swedish

tope

trampa

Swedish

trégua

Swedish

trepar

Swedish

trombone

Swedish

trompa

Swedish

trompeta

tropa

trotar

Swedish

tungstênio

(Tungsten)

U

ufano

V

vagão

valquíria

Swedish

valsa

vadio

Swedish

vandalismo

vândalo

varão

Swedish

venda

vermute

W

wagneriano

Swedish

Z

zinco

zinc