Appendix:Tibeto-Burman Swadesh lists
(Redirected from Appendix:Swadesh lists for Tibeto-Burman languages)
This is a Swadesh list of Tibeto-Burman languages, specifically Burmese, Tibetan, Dzongkha, Manangba and Tshangla and one or more others, compared with that of English.
- Burmese — Myanmar
- Tibetan — Tibet, China
- Dzongkha — Bhutan
- S'gaw Karen — Kayin state, Myanmar & Western Thailand
- Manang — Gandaki Pradesh, Nepal
- Apatani — Arunachal Pradesh, India
- Manipuri — Manipur, India
List
editNo. | English | Burmese မြန်မာဘာသာ |
BGN/PCGN Romanized Burmese |
Tibetan བོད་སྐད་ |
Wylie Romanized Tibetan |
Dzongkha རྫོང་ཁ |
Van Driem Romanized Dzongkha |
Romanized Karen |
Manang ŋyeshaŋ |
Romanized Tshangla Tshang lo |
Romanized Apatani |
Romanized Manipuri |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I | ငါ (informal)[1] | nga | ང | nga | ང | nga /ŋɑ˩/ |
ya | 1ŋʌ | jang | ngo 我 | ei |
2 | you (singular) | နင်, မင်း (informal)[2] | nin, min | ཁྱེད, ཁྱེད་རང, ཁྱོད་རང | khyed, khyed rang, khyod rang | ཁྱོད | chö /t͡ɕʰøː˥/ |
na | 3kjʌ | nan | no 你 | nang |
3 | he | သူ | thu | ཁོ, ཁོང | kho, khong | ཁོ | kho /kʰo˥/ |
aq | 1kʰi | ro | mo 他 | mahak |
4 | we | ငါတို့ | ngato | ང་ཚོ | nga tsho | ང་བཅས | nga-ce /ŋɑ˩.t͡ɕe˥/ |
pa | 1ŋjaŋ | ai(ba) | ngunu 我们 | eikhoi |
5 | you (plural) | နင်တို့ | nin do | ཁྱེད་ཚོ, ཁྱེད་རང་ཚོ | khyed tsho, khyed rang tsho | ཁྱེས | chä /t͡ɕʰɛː˥/ |
su | 1kimi | nai(ba) | nunu你们 | nakhoi |
6 | they | သူတို့, သူများ | thu do, thu mya | ཁོ་ཚོ, ཁོང་ཚོ | kho tsho, khong tsho | ཁོང | khong /kʰoŋ˥/ |
aq we | 1kʰimi | rokte(ba) | molu 他等 | makhoi |
7 | this | ဒါ, ဒီ[3] | da, di | འདི | 'di | འདི | di /ti˩/ |
qi | 2tsu | uthu | si 这, sii 此 | mashi |
8 | that | ဟို, ထို | ho, hto | དེ, ཕ་གི | de, pha gi | དེ | d˚i /tʰi˩/ |
1u | onyu | hɨ 那,iñ 彼 | madu | |
9 | here | ဒီမှာ[4] | di hma | འདིར, འདི་ལ | 'dir, 'di la | ནཱ | nâ /nɑː˩/ |
2tsu-ri | tha | so 这儿 | asida | |
10 | there | ဟိုမှာ, ထိုမှာ | ho hma, hto hma | དེར, དེ་ལ, ཕ་གིར | der, de la, pha gir | ཕར | phâ /pʰɑː˥/ |
1u-ri | onya, lela | hoh 那儿 , iñsoh 彼这儿 | aduda | |
11 | who | ဘယ်သူ[5] | be thu | སུ | su | ག | 2su | ibi | hu 谁 | kanano | ||
12 | what | ဘာ[6] | ba | ག་རེ | ga re | ག་ཅི | g˚aci /kʰɑ˩.t͡ɕi˥/ |
2ta | hang | nɨ 哪/何, nɨna 哪么 | kari | |
13 | where | ဘယ်[7] | be | ག་པར | ga par | ག་ཏེ | hani | oga | noh 哪儿 | kadai | ||
14 | when | ဘယ်တော့, ဘယ်တုန်းက | be daw, be doun ga | ག་དུས | ga dus | ནམ | nam /nɑm˩/ |
4hajuŋ | hala, giti | nɨda 何当(future ref.), nɨdo 何有(past ref.) | karamkanda | |
15 | how | ဘယ်[8] | be | ག་ནས | ga nas | ག་དེ་སྦེ | g˚ad˚ebe /kʰɑ˩.tʰe˩.pe˩/ |
ha coŋpʌ | hangte(n) | nɨtaň 怎样/哪样 | kamaina, karamna | |
16 | not | မ | ma | མ, མིན, མེད | ma, min, med | མ, མི | ma, mi /mɑ˩, mi˩/ |
ba | a | ma | ma,-ma 不 | natte |
17 | all | အားလုံး | a loun | ཚང་མ | tshang ma | ག་ར | g˚âra /kʰɑː˩.rɑ˩/ |
2tʃʰaraŋ | thamcherang | mɨlañja 全百最, mɨlañru全百等 | pulab | |
18 | many | များ, များကြီး | mya, mya gyi | མང་པོ | mang po | ལེ་ཤ | läsha /lɛː˩.ɕɑ˥/ |
2peʔ | shama | abu/abɨ 阿多, mahlañ 众百 | mayam | |
19 | some | အချို့ | a chou | ཁ་ཤས | kha shas | ལ་ལུ | lalu /lɑ˩.lu˩/ |
2tore, lʌle | tshebang | iche 下些, ichu 下少, ichuche下些少 | khara | |
20 | few | နည် | ne | ཁ་ཤས, ཉུང་ཤས | kha shas, nyung shas | དག་པ | d˚akpa /tʰɑk˩.pɑ˥/ |
njeta | dazere, tiktang | iche 下些, ichu 下少, ichuche下些少 | khara | |
21 | other | အခြား | a cha | གཞན, གཞན་དག | gzhan, gzhan dag | གཞན, གཞན་མ | zhen, zhenmi /ʑen˩, ʑen˩.mi˩/ |
ʃaŋko | koneya 单一代 | atopa | ||
22 | one | တစ် | ti' | གཅིག | gcig | གཅིག | ci /t͡ɕik̚˥/ |
ti | 4ʃi | thur | ako 1, kone 单一, -e 一 | ama |
23 | two | နှစ် | hni' | གཉིས | gnyis | གཉིས | 'nyî /njiː˥/ |
khi | 4ŋi | nyiktsing | anye/anyi 2, -nye/-nyi 二 | ani |
24 | three | သုံး | thoun | གསུམ | gsum | གསུམ | sum /sum˥/ |
san | 2sẽ | sam | hing 3,-heñ/ -hiñ 三 | ahum |
25 | four | လေး | lei | བཞི | bzhi | བཞི | zhi, bji /ʑi˩, pt͡ɕi˩/ |
lwi | 4pʰli | pshi | pɨlye/pɨlyi 4, -pe/-pi 四 | mari |
26 | five | ငါး | nga | ལྔ | lnga | ལྔ | 'nga /ŋɑ˥/ |
ya | 4ŋʌ | nga | yango 5, -ngo 五 | manga |
27 | big | ကြီး, ကြီးမား | kyi, kyi ma | ཆེན་པོ | chen po | སྦོམ | bôm /poːm˩/ |
dan | 1tʰjʌ | katang | Kae 大 , -ro 广 | achouba |
28 | long | ရှည်, ရှည်မျော | shei, shei myaw | རིང་པོ | ring po | རིངམ | rîm /riːm˩/ |
3ruŋ | ringbu | obyo 上长 | asangba | |
29 | wide | ကျယ်, ကျယ်ဝန်း | kye, kye wan | རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ | rgya chen po | རྒྱ་ཁྱོན | 2tʰuŋpʌ | -ro 广 | apakpa | |||
30 | thick | ထူ, ပျစ် | htu, pyi' | མཐུག་པོ | mthug po | སྟུག་པགཔ | 2ʂuŋ | byankər 片厚 | athaba | |||
31 | heavy | လေး, လေးလံ | lei, lei lan | ལྗིད་པོ | ljid po | ལྗིད་ཅན | jicen /t͡ɕi˩.t͡ɕen˥/ |
3li | ahi 阿重 | arumba | ||
32 | small | သေး, နုပ် | thei, nou' | ཆུང་བ, ཆུང་ཆུང | chung ba, chung chung | ཆུང་ཀུ | chungku /t͡ɕʰuŋ˥.ku˩/ |
1tʃã | zemu | atu 阿小 | apikpa | |
33 | short | ပု, တို | pu, tou | ཐུང་བ, ཐུང་ཐུང | thung ba, thung thung | ཐག་ཐུང་ཀུ | 2tʰuŋpʌ | thumu | ako 阿矮 | atenba | ||
34 | narrow | ကျဉ်း, ကျဉ်းကျပ် | kyin, kyin kya' | གུ་དོག་པོ, ཕྲ་པོ | gu dog po, phra po | 4kʰje to | -chu 狭 | akhuba | ||||
35 | thin | ပါး, ကျဲ | pa, kye | ཕྲ་པོ, སྲབ་པོ | phra po, srab po | 2pʰɾʌ | temtala | señsɨ, -lyo | apaba | |||
36 | woman | မိန်းမ[9] | mein ma | མོ, སྐྱེས་དམན | mo, skyes dman | pọ mù | 3mʷo (2mi) | miwaktsa | anɨ-akha | nupi | ||
37 | man (adult male) | ယောက်ျား[10] | yau' kya | མི, ཁྱོ་ག | mi, khyo ga | pha | 1pʰo (2mi) | phiwaktsa | aba-akha | nupa | ||
38 | man (human being) | လူ | lu | མི | mi | pa | 2mi | songo | miyu | mi-oiba | ||
39 | child | ကလေး | hka lei | བུ, སྤུ་གུ, ཕྲུ་གུ | bu, spu gu, phru gu | pho | 1kola | waktsa | hime, hɨme, oho | angang | ||
40 | wife | မယား[11] | ma ya | སྐྱེས་དམན | skyes dman | 1pje | khachi | mihi | nupi (mapuroibi) | |||
41 | husband | လင်[12] | lin | ཁྱོ་ག | khyo ga | 1pʰʌ | ngen | milo | mapuroiba (nupa) | |||
42 | mother | အမေ, အမိ,[13] | a mei, a mi | ཨ་མ | a ma | mo | 2amʌ | ama | anɨ, ama | ima | ||
43 | father | အဖေ, အဖ[14] | a hpei, a hpa | པ་ལགས | pa lags | pa | 1apʌ | apa | aba | ipa | ||
44 | animal | ကောင်, တိရစ္ဆာန် | kaun, ta rei' hsan | སེམས་ཅན | sems can | ʃita | same | acho-amyo | sha | |||
45 | fish | ငါး | nga | ཉ | nya | nya | 2tʌrŋe | nga | ngɨyi, ngi | nga | ||
46 | bird | ငှက် | hnge' | བྱ, འདབ་ཆགས, ཉུག་བྱེད, སེ | bya, 'dab chags, nyug byed, se | tho | 1ŋima | kha | pɨtta | uchek | ||
47 | dog | ခွေး | hkwei | ཁྱི | khyi | khwi | 1nʌkju | khu | aki | hui | ||
48 | louse | သန်း | than | ཤིག | shig | 2ʃe | takhɨ, takhe | hikk, hiku | ||||
49 | snake | မြွေ | mwei | སྦྲུལ | sbrul | 2pukri | buchila | tabu | lin | |||
50 | worm | တီကောင်, သန်ကောင် | ti gaun, than gaun | napli | bu | dorgi(earthworm) | tinthrok | |||||
51 | tree | ပင်, သစ်ပင် | pin, thi' pin | ཤིང, ཤིང་སྡོང | shing, shing sdong | deng | 2ʃiŋ 3tuŋ | shing | sanɨ | upambi | ||
52 | forest | တော, သစ်တော | taw, thi' taw | ཤིང་ནགས | shing nags | pra | 3na 2huŋ | borang | morey | umang | ||
53 | stick | တုတ်, တံ | dou', tan | 2pʰerka | tokang | yakho | chaei | |||||
54 | fruit | သစ်သီး, အသီး | thi' thi, a thi | ཤིང་ཏོག | shing tog | 2ʃiŋto | se | ahi, ahi-amər | uhei, hei | |||
55 | seed | အစေ့ | a si | 4pʰlu | li | kormo | maru | |||||
56 | leaf | ရွက်, အရွက် | ywe', a ywe' | lang | 3pa | shing shaba | yanɨ, anɨ | mana, umana | ||||
57 | root | မြစ်, အမြစ် | myi', a myi' | 1lje | shing tsa | lɨma | mara | |||||
58 | bark (of a tree) | အခွံ | a hkun | 1pʰjoko | salyo, sanɨ alyo | |||||||
59 | flower | ပန်း, အပွင့် | pan, a pwin | མེ་ཏོག | me tog | pho | minto | meto | apu | lei | ||
60 | grass | မြက် | mye' | རྩྭ | rtswa | 1tʃʰi | ngon | tami | napi | |||
61 | rope | ကြိုး, လွန် | kyou, lun | ཐག་པ | thag pa | 1tsʰo | do | taru | touri | |||
62 | skin | အရေအခွံ, အရေ | a yei a hkun, a yei | པགས་པ, སྐོགས་པ, ཁྲག་འཛིན, རུས་གཟེབ, ཤུན་པ, ཤུན་ལྤགས | pags pa, skogs pa, khrag 'dzin, rus gzeb, shun pa, shun lpags | 3ʈi | mongnang | alyo | unsha | |||
63 | meat | အသား | a tha | ཤ | sha | 1ʃʌ | sha | yo(h) | shadong | |||
64 | blood | သွေး | thwei | 2ka | yi | ai | ee | |||||
65 | bone | ရိုး, အရိုး | you, a you | རུས, རུས་ཁོག | rus, rus khog | 2nokrẽ | khang | alo | saru | |||
66 | fat (noun) | အဆီ | a hsi | རྒྱགས་པ | rgyags pa | 2tʃʰi | nyam, nam | hulyi | ||||
67 | egg | ဥ | u | སྒོང་ང | sgong nga | diq | 2pʰuŋ | gotham | papu | marum | ||
68 | horn | ချို, ဦးချို | gyou, u gyou | རུ | ru | 4ʂu | warong | arɨ | machi | |||
69 | tail | အမှီး | a hmi | 1mẽ | shampi | ami | mamai | |||||
70 | feather | အတောင် | a taun | སྒྲོ, སྒྲོ་གཤོག, འདབ་མ | sgro, sgro gshog, 'dab ma | 1ŋima 2mʷi | pɨle | matu | ||||
71 | hair | ဆံ or ဆံပင် (humans), အမွေး (animals) | hsan, hsa bin, a hmwei | སྐྲ | skra | 1krʌ | tsham | dimu (humans), amu (animals) | sam | |||
72 | head | ခေါင်း | gaun | མགོ | mgo | khang | 1pʰakli | sharang | adiñ | kok | ||
73 | ear | နား, နားရွက် | na, na ywe' | na | 1ŋima | na | yaru | na, nakong | ||||
74 | eye | မျက်စေ့ | mye' si | མིག | mig | meq | 2mi | ming | ami | mit | ||
75 | nose | နှာ, နှခေါင်း | hna, hna hkaun | སྣ, སྣ་ཁུག | sna, sna khug | 1nʌ | nawung | yapiñ | naton | |||
76 | mouth | ပါးစပ်, နှုတ် | ba za', hnou' | ཁ | kha | 1suŋ | nuwang | aguñ | chin, makha | |||
77 | tooth | သွား | thwa | སོ | so | 1sʌ | sha | ai(h) | yaa | |||
78 | tongue (organ) | လျှာ | sha | ལྕེ, རོ་འཛིན | lce, ro 'dzin | 2lẽ | le | alyo | marei/ lei | |||
79 | fingernail | လက်သည်း | le' the | སེན་མོ | sen mo | 1ja 2ʃiŋ | lahiñ | khujin | ||||
80 | foot | ခြေ, ခြေထောက် | chi, chi dau' | རྐང་པ | rkang pa | 3pʌle | bi | ali | khongpak | |||
81 | leg | အခြေ, အပေါင် | a chi, a paun | རྐང་པ | rkang pa | 3pʌle | biting? | ali | khong | |||
82 | knee | ဒူး, ဒူးခေါင်း | du, du gaun | 2pʌtsi | gumzing | lɨbañ | knu-u | |||||
83 | hand | လက် | le' | ལག་པ | lag pa | 1ja | gadang | ala | khut, makhut | |||
84 | wing | အတောင်, တောင်ပံ | a taun, taun ban | 1ŋima 1ʃʌpʌ | ale | masa | ||||||
85 | belly | ဗိုက် | bai' | 1pʰo | ere, akhii | puk, mabok | ||||||
86 | guts | အူ | u | རྒྱུ་མ | rgyu ma | kuruŋ | khɨjañ, khɨjañ-khɨro | thirin | ||||
87 | neck | လည်ပင်း | le bin | མཇིང་པ | mjing pa | 1kʰʌr | lañgu | ngak, ma-ngak | ||||
88 | back | ကျော | kyaw | རྒྱབ | rgyab | 3supʌ 2litse | hoañ | nang-gan | ||||
89 | breast | ရင်, ရင်ဘတ် | yin, yin ba' | 3ŋjokɾo | numa | anyiñ | makhom, khom | |||||
90 | heart | နှလုံး, အသည်းနှလုံး | hna loun, a the hna loun | saq | 1tĩ | thinglom | aha | thamoi | ||||
91 | liver | အသည်း အူမကြီး | a the, u ma gyi | མཆིན་པ | mchin pa | tsʰimpʌ | pahiñ | |||||
92 | to drink | သောက် | thau' | འཐུང | 'thung | qo | 2tʰuŋ | jam | tañ | |||
93 | to eat | စား | sa | ཟ | za | ang | 1tsʌ | zala, za | dɨ | |||
94 | to bite | ကိုက် | kai' | རྨུག | rmug | 2tʃʰe | ngam | chi, asɨ | ||||
95 | to suck | စုပ် | sou' | 3mul | sah | |||||||
96 | to spit | ထွေး | htwei | tʰuk tʰu | thoptang | chu | ||||||
97 | to vomit | အန်, အော့ | an, aw | སྐྱུག | skyug | 2ʂi | phrospe | ba | ||||
98 | to blow | မှုတ် | hmou' | ཕུ་རྒྱག | phu rgyag | 2pʰjaŋ | tetha | he,mu(by mouth),sah | ||||
99 | to breathe | ရှူ, ရှူရှိုက် | shu, shu shai' | དབུགས་རྒྱག | dbugs rgyag | mʷo | sa | |||||
100 | to laugh | ရယ် | yi | གད་མོ་ཤོར | gad mo shor | 2ŋi | ngar | ngar | ||||
101 | to see | တွေ့, မြင် | twei, myin | མཐོང | mthong | 1mraŋ | thong | ka | ||||
102 | to hear | ကြား | kya | གོ | go | 4tʰe | na tha(n) | ta | ||||
103 | to know | သိ တတ်, သိရှိ | thi, ta', thi shi | ཤེས | shes | 2ʃi | se | chiñ | ||||
104 | to think | ထင်, တွေး, စဉ်းစား | htin, twei, sin za | བསམ་བློ་གཏོང་བ | bsam blo gtong ba | naŋtse toŋ | mi | heñ | ||||
105 | to smell | နမ်း | nan | སྣོམ | snom | 3te 4tʰaŋ 1kʰʌ | nampe | neñ | ||||
106 | to fear | ကြောက် | kyauk | ཞེད | zhed | bɨso | ||||||
107 | to sleep | အိပ် | ei' | གཉིད | gnyid | mi | 4nu | yi | imi | |||
108 | to live | ရှင်, နေ | shin, nei | བསྡད, གསོན་པ | bsdad, gson pa | qo | 1aʃi-pʌ | zhu | tor | |||
109 | to die | သေ, ဆုံး, ကွယ်လွန် | thei, hsoun, kwe lun | ཤི | shi | ཤི | shi /ɕi˥/ |
si | 1ʃi | shi(n) | sɨ | |
110 | to kill | သတ်, သတ်ဖြတ် | tha', tha' hpya' | བསད | bsad | 1se | she(n) | meñ, -khɨ | ||||
111 | to fight | တိုက်, ရန်ဖြစ် | tai', yan hpyi' | 2tʃʰe | kholong | pasɨ | ||||||
112 | to hunt | လိုက် | lai' | 1kirap | ||||||||
113 | to hit | ရိုက် ချပုတ် | yai', cha pou' | གཞུས་པ | gzhus pa | kuntu 2pɾĩ | drom | tɨ | ||||
114 | to cut | ညှပ် | hnya' | གཏུབ, བཅད་པ | gtub, bchad pa | 2tʰa | cat | pi | ||||
115 | to split | ခွဲ | hkwe | tete tete 2tʰa | -che | |||||||
116 | to stab | ထိုး | htou | kʰja | nɨ | |||||||
117 | to scratch | ကုတ် | kou' | 2ʂi | krekpe | kha, ho(incase of an itch) | ||||||
118 | to dig | တူး | tu | 2te | jek | oh, he, du | ||||||
119 | to swim | ကူး | ku | 2kju-ri 1kjaŋ | apya ta-, byo(h) | |||||||
120 | to fly | ပျံ | pyan | འཕུར | 'phur | 2pʰaŋ | phur | go | ||||
121 | to walk | လျှောက် | shau' | གོམ་པ་རྒྱག | gom pa rgyag | 4pʰro | dang | iñ | ||||
122 | to come | လာ | la | ཡོང | yong | la | 1kʰʌ | u(n) | aa | |||
123 | to lie (as in a bed) | လှဲ, လျောင်း | hle, lyaun | 4nu | phile | gɨ | ||||||
124 | to sit | ထိုင် | htain | བསྡད | bsdad | nang | 1ʈu | lang | du, dua | |||
125 | to stand | ရပ် | ya' | ལངས | langs | 1ʂe | thing | da | ||||
126 | to turn (intransitive) | လှည့်, ချိုး | hle, chou | mur | kor | -hɨ | ||||||
127 | to fall | ကျ | kya | 1te | thong | hui,hua,giyi,giya | ||||||
128 | to give | ပေး | pei | སྤྲོད | sprod | 1pĩ | bi(n) | bi | ||||
129 | to hold | ကိုင် | kain | ga | ||||||||
130 | to squeeze | ညှစ် | hnyi' | mor 2ti | ke, keje-keyi | |||||||
131 | to rub | ပွတ် | pu' | 1pʰja | ne, nyu, ti | |||||||
132 | to wash | စေး | sei | ཁྲུས | khrus | 2ʃu | zik | ase, se | ||||
133 | to wipe | သုတ် | thou' | 1pʰja | nepa, nyupa | |||||||
134 | to pull | စွဲ | swe | 3ti | theng | se | ||||||
135 | to push | တွန်း | tun | 4kʰer | brekpe | nañ | ||||||
136 | to throw | ပစ် | pyi' | གཡུགས | g.yugs | 1kʰja | thup | ri | ||||
137 | to tie | ချည် | chi | བསྡམ | bsdam | 3tẽ | thik | rañ | ||||
138 | to sew | ချုပ် | chou' | ཚེམ་བུ་རྒྱག | tshem bu rgyag | 4ʈʰu | tshok | ri | ||||
139 | to count | တွက်, ရေ | twe', ye | tsi ba | 2tʃʰa | khɨ | ||||||
140 | to say | ပြော, ဆို, ဟူ | pyaw, hsou, hu | ལབ, བཤད | lab, bshad | te | 3pi | dak | lu | |||
141 | to sing | ဆို | hsou | 4kʷʰe 2pɾĩ | jang | bɨsi si, gai ( from hindi) | ||||||
142 | to play | ဆော့, ကစား | hsaw, gaza | རྩེད་མོ་རྩེ | rtsed mo rtse | 1kjaŋ | cang | so, kheñ (games/sports) | ||||
143 | to float | မျော, ပေါ် | myaw, paw | 2pʰi-ri 1ʈu | pucha,pɨcha,tucha | |||||||
144 | to flow | စီး | si | 2kju 4ju | bi | |||||||
145 | to freeze | ခဲ | hke | kʰja | ka | |||||||
146 | to swell | ဖူး, ရောင် | hpu, yaun | 1taŋpʌ | phung | pyañ,go | ||||||
147 | sun | နေ | nei | ཉི་མ | nyi ma | ni, mu | 1tiŋi | ngam | danyi | |||
148 | moon | လ | la | ཟླ་བ | zla ba | la | 3liŋi | lanyi ngam | pɨlo | |||
149 | star | ကြယ် | kye | སྐར་མ | skar ma | shaq | 2sʌɾ | karma | takər | |||
150 | water | ရေ | yei | ཆུ | chu | ཆུ | thi | 2kju | ri | yasi | ||
151 | rain | မိုး | mou | ཆར་པ | char pa | mu khang | 3mo | ngamsu | mɨdo | |||
152 | river | မြစ် | myi' | གཙང་པོ | gtsang po | klo | maʃaŋ 2kju | ri | kɨle | |||
153 | lake | ကန်, အင်း | kan, in | མཚོ | mtsho | 2kju 1tsʰo | tsho | sɨmi | ||||
154 | sea | ပင်လယ်, အဏ္ဏဝါ | pin le, annawa | རྒྱ་མཚོ | rgya mtsho | samundra (Nepali) | jamtsho | |||||
155 | salt | ဆား | hsa | ཚྭ | tshwa | 1tsʌtsʌ | incha | alo | ||||
156 | stone | ကျောက် | kyau' | རྡོ | rdo | lang | 2juŋpe 4pʰra | lung | yalañ | |||
157 | sand | သဲ | the | བྱེ་མ | bye ma | le | pjuma | betsa | dikhɨ, sɨkh(h)ɨ,suru(h) | |||
158 | dust | ဖုန် | hpoun | ཐལ | thal | 4pʰɾa | phurtsi | dimər | ||||
159 | earth | မြေ | myei | ས | sa | 1sʌ | sa | kɨdi, mobyu | ||||
160 | cloud | တိမ် | tein | སྤྲིན་པ | sprin pa | mukpʌ | mukpa | jomu, jomɨ | ||||
161 | fog | မြူ | myu | mukpʌ | hapiñ | |||||||
162 | sky | မိုး, အကာသ | mou, akatha | གནམ | gnam | mu khang | 3mo | ngam | yapuñ | |||
163 | wind | လေ | lei | རླུང, རྫི | rlung, rdzi | 4lo | ridi | alyi | ||||
164 | snow | နှင်း, နှင်းခဲ | hnin, hnin ge | གངས | gangs | 4kʰiŋ | phom | peñbe | ||||
165 | ice | ရေခဲ | yei ge | འཁྱགས་པ, འཁྱག་པ | 'khyags pa,་'khyag pa | 1tʌŋkjaŋ | tipiñ | |||||
166 | smoke | အငွေ့, အခိုး | a ngwei, a hkou | དུ་བ | du ba | 1mjukju | mugu | (yamu)muku | ||||
167 | fire | မီး | mi | མེ | me | me | 1mje | mi | yamu | |||
168 | ash | ပြာ | pya | 4mjepʰɾa | thulu | mubu,muyu | ||||||
169 | to burn | ရှို့, လောင် | sho, laun | 2mɾẽ | gok | ya | ||||||
170 | road | လမ်း | lan | ལམ | lam | 4kʰjẽ | lam | leñda,leñgo | ||||
171 | mountain | တောင် | taun | རི | ri | k.ca | 2kaŋ, pokto, 4pʰra | ri | putu, putu-puko | |||
172 | red | နီ | ni | དམར་པོ | dmar (po) | 1olkja | tshalu | lañcha | ||||
173 | green | စိမ်း | sein | ལྗང་ཁུ, སྔོན་པོ | ljang (khu) (yellowish-green), sngon (po) (blue-green) | 3tʃaŋku | changkha | jiji, salyi | ||||
174 | yellow | ဝါ | wa | སེར་པོ | ser po | 1urkja | serbu | pilañ | ||||
175 | white | ဖြူ | phyu | དཀར་པོ | dkar po | 1tʌrkja | balingmi | pulu | ||||
176 | black | မည် နက် | me, ne' | ནག་པོ | nag (po) | 1mleŋkja | chinglu | ji | ||||
177 | night | ည | nya | མཚན | mtshan | 2muntse | binang | ayo | ||||
178 | day | နေ့ | nei | ཉིན, ཉི་མ | nyin, nyi ma (also meaning "sun") | ni | 1tiŋi | ngam | alo | |||
179 | year | နှစ် | hni' | ལོ | lo | ni | 3lo | lo | anyañ | |||
180 | warm | ပူ, နွေး | pu, nwei | དྲོ་པོ | dro po | 1le | tshalu(hot) | gubu | ||||
181 | cold | အေး, ချမ်း | ei, chan | གྲང་མོ | grang mo | 2kʰʌŋ | chanpu | chañcha, lakhɨ | ||||
182 | full | ပြည့် | pyei | ཁེངས་པ, རྫོགས་པ, ཁངས | khengs pa, rdzogs pa, khangs | 3naŋ | potte, -tte | |||||
183 | new | သစ် | thi' | གསར་པ | gsar pa | sang | 1tsaŋ | singma | niti | |||
184 | old | ဟောင်း, အို | haun, ou | རྙིང་པ | rnying pa | pra | 1kʰjokor | manma | akha(for living things), khu | |||
185 | good | ကောင်း | kaun | ཡག་པོ | yag po | 3sʌ | lekpu | aya, -yo | ||||
186 | bad | ဆိုး | hsou | སྡུག་ཆགས | sdug chags/cag | 3a-sʌ | malekpa | aya ma,dema,-ru | ||||
187 | rotten | ပုပ် | pou' | རུལ་པ | rul pa | 1ɲe | yitpa | yanɨ | ||||
188 | dirty | ညစ်ထည်း | nyi' hti | བཙོག་པ | btsog pa | 1a-tsaŋ | kacho | |||||
189 | straight | ဖြောင့်, စင်း | hpyaun, sin | ཤར, བཀྱག, ཁ་ཐུག | shar, bkyag, kha thug | 3tsok (Nepali?) | thrang | parda, -da | ||||
190 | round | ဝိုင်း, လုံး | wain, loun | སྒོར་སྒོར | sgor sgor | 2kikil | tukuli | aliñ(h) | ||||
191 | sharp (as a knife) | ချွန်, ချွန်ထက် | chun, chun hte' | རྣོ་པོ | rno po | 4tʃʰeɾ | tekathom | are | ||||
192 | dull (as a knife) | တုံး | toun | 4a-tʃʰer | pakhɨñ,-khɨñ | |||||||
193 | smooth | ချော, မွတ် | chaw, mu' | tʃã | hilu(h) | |||||||
194 | wet | စို, ရွှဲ | sou, shwe | རློན་པ | rlon pa | 2ʃu 1tʌ | yitpa | juja | ||||
195 | dry | ခြောက် | chau' | སྐམ་པོ | skam po | 1kʰarkjʌ | sangma | pitañ | ||||
196 | correct | မှန် | hman | 3ŋoto | -da | |||||||
197 | near | နီး | ni | ཉེ་པོ | nye po | 2nepʌ, 2ti-ri | reka | aruñ | ||||
198 | far | ဝေး | wei | ཐག་རིང་པོ | thag ring po | 2ta 2ruŋ | tharingsa | ado | ||||
199 | right | ညာ | nya | གཡས | g.yas | 1kjetse | lanyong | labi | ||||
200 | left | ဘယ် | be | གཡོན | g.yon | tortse | menyong | lachi | ||||
201 | at | မှာ, ၌ (formal) | hma | ལ | la | la | -ri | brangka | ho | |||
202 | in | ထဲ, တွင်း, တွင် | hte, twin, twin | ནང་ལ | nang la | la pu | -ri | nangka | ho | |||
203 | with | နှင့်တကွ | hnin ta gwa | མཉམ་དུ | mnyam du | -juŋ | kap nyi | agiñ | ||||
204 | and | နဲ့, နှင့် | ne, hnin | དང | dang | dang | tẽ | dang | la | |||
205 | if | ရင်,[15] အကယ်၍ | yin, a ke ywei | གལ་ཏེ | gal te | kjʌ nʌ | nyi la | koda, -dalyi | ||||
206 | because | လို့, ကြောင့် | lou, gyaun | གང་ཡིན་ཟེར་ན | gang yin zer na | 2ta 3pitse 3pi | deke | hopa, hɨkopa | ||||
207 | name | အမည်, နာမည် | a myi, na me | མིང | ming | མིང | meng /meŋ˩/ |
ming | 1miŋ, 1mĩ | ming | armyañ |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Formal equivalents are ကျွန်တော် (/t͡ʃənɔ̀/, M), ကျွန်မ (/t͡ʃəma̰/, F)
- ^ Formal equivalents are ခင်ဗျား (/kʰəmjá/, M), ရှင် (/ʃìɴ/, F)
- ^ Formal equivalents are သည် (/ðì/), ဤ (/ḭ/)
- ^ Formal equivalent is သည်မှာ (/ðì m̥à/)
- ^ Formal equivalent is မည်သူ (mjì ðù)
- ^ Formal equivalent is မည်သည် (mjì ðì)
- ^ Formal equivalent is မည်သည် (mjì ðì)
- ^ Formal equivalent is မည် (mjì)
- ^ Formal equivalent is အမျိုးသမီး (əmjó ðəmí)
- ^ Formal equivalent is အမျိုးသား (əmjó ðá)
- ^ Formal equivalent is ဇနီး (zəní)
- ^ Formal equivalent is ခင်ပွန်း (kʰìɴ búɴ)
- ^ Formal equivalent is မိခင် (mḭ gìɴ)
- ^ Formal equivalent is ဖခင် (pʰa̰ gìɴ)
- ^ Formal equivalent is လျှင် (ljìɴ)
Sources
edit- Drum Karen-English Student Dictionary. Drum Publication Group, 2008.
- Hildebrandt, Kristine. "Manange vocabulary" In: Haspelmath, Martin & Tadmor, Uri (eds.) World Loanword Database. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, 1009 entries. http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/17
External links
edit- SEAlang dictionaries (Burmese, Karen)
- English-Tibetan dictionary online
- Manange Vocabulary List
- Burmese script
- Tibetan script
- THL Tibetan to English Translation Tool