Appendix:Swedish Swadesh list

This is a Swadesh list of words in Swedish, compared with definitions in English.

Presentation edit

For further information, read the article: Swadesh list

The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:

  • a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
  • a reduced 100 words version.

This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikivoyage lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.

List edit

No. English Swedish
svenska
1 I jag
2 you (singular) du
3 he, she, it han
4 we vi
5 you (plural) ni, I (archaic)
6 they de
7 this denna, den här c, detta, det här n
8 that den där c, det där n
9 here här
10 there där
11 who vem
12 what vad
13 where var, vart
14 when när
15 how hur
16 not inte
17 all alla
18 many många
19 some några
20 few
21 other annan (singular) c, annat (singular) n, andra pl
22 one ett
23 two två
24 three tre
25 four fyra
26 five fem
27 big stor
28 long lång
29 wide bred, vid
30 thick tjock
31 heavy tung
32 small liten
33 short kort
34 narrow trång
35 thin tunn
36 woman kvinna
37 man (adult male) man
38 man (human being) människa
39 child barn
40 wife fru, hustru, maka
41 husband man, make
42 mother mo(de)r
43 father fa(de)r
44 animal djur
45 fish fisk
46 bird fågel
47 dog hund
48 louse lus
49 snake orm
50 worm mask
51 tree träd
52 forest skog
53 stick pinne
54 fruit frukt
55 seed frö
56 leaf löv, blad
57 root rot
58 bark (of a tree) bark
59 flower blomma
60 grass gräs
61 rope rep
62 skin hud, skinn
63 meat kött
64 blood blod
65 bone ben
66 fat (noun) fett
67 egg ägg
68 horn horn
69 tail svans, stjärt
70 feather fjäder
71 hair hår
72 head huvud
73 ear öra
74 eye öga
75 nose näsa
76 mouth mun
77 tooth tand
78 tongue (organ) tunga
79 fingernail nagel
80 foot fot
81 leg ben
82 knee knä
83 hand hand
84 wing vinge
85 belly mage
86 guts inälvor
87 neck hals, nacke
88 back rygg
89 breast bröst
90 heart hjärta
91 liver lever
92 to drink dricka
93 to eat äta
94 to bite bita
95 to suck suga
96 to spit spotta
97 to vomit kräkas, spy
98 to blow blåsa
99 to breathe andas
100 to laugh skratta
101 to see se
102 to hear höra
103 to know veta
104 to think tänka
105 to smell lukta
106 to fear vara rädd för, frukta
107 to sleep sova
108 to live leva
109 to die
110 to kill döda
111 to fight kämpa, slåss, strida
112 to hunt jaga
113 to hit slå
114 to cut skära
115 to split dela
116 to stab hugga, sticka
117 to scratch klia
118 to dig gräva
119 to swim simma
120 to fly flyga
121 to walk
122 to come komma
123 to lie (as in a bed) ligga
124 to sit sitta
125 to stand stå
126 to turn (intransitive) svänga
127 to fall falla
128 to give ge
129 to hold hålla
130 to squeeze klämma
131 to rub gnida
132 to wash tvätta
133 to wipe torka
134 to pull dra
135 to push knuffa, trycka, skjuta
136 to throw kasta
137 to tie knyta, binda
138 to sew sy
139 to count räkna
140 to say säga
141 to sing sjunga
142 to play leka (a game), spela (an instrument)
143 to float flyta
144 to flow flyta, rinna, flöda
145 to freeze frysa
146 to swell svälla
147 sun sol
148 moon måne
149 star stjärna
150 water vatten
151 rain regn
152 river flod
153 lake sjö
154 sea hav
155 salt salt
156 stone sten
157 sand sand
158 dust damm
159 earth jord
160 cloud moln
161 fog dimma
162 sky himmel
163 wind vind
164 snow snö
165 ice is
166 smoke rök
167 fire eld
168 ash aska
169 to burn brinna (intr.), bränna (tr.)
170 road väg
171 mountain berg
172 red röd
173 green grön
174 yellow gul
175 white vit
176 black svart
177 night natt
178 day dag
179 year år
180 warm varm
181 cold kall
182 full full
183 new ny
184 old gammal
185 good bra, god
186 bad dålig
187 rotten rutten
188 dirty smutsig
189 straight rak
190 round rund
191 sharp (as a knife) vass
192 dull (as a knife) slö
193 smooth slät
194 wet våt
195 dry torr
196 correct rätt, riktig
197 near nära
198 far avlägsen, fjärran
199 right höger
200 left vänster
201 at , vid, hos
202 in i
203 with med
204 and och
205 if om
206 because eftersom, ty (dated)
207 name namn

See also edit

Further reading edit

Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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