№ | English | Proto-Turkic edit (105) | Uyghur ئۇيغۇرچە (uyghurche) edit (207) | Uzbek oʻzbek tili edit (207) | Karakhanid edit (166) |
---|
1 | I (1sg) | *ben | men | men | men |
2 | you (2sg) | *sen | sen, siz*, sili* | sen | sen |
3 | he, she, it (3sg) | *ol | u | u | ol |
4 | we (1pl) | *biŕ | biz | biz | biz |
5 | you (2pl) | *siŕ | siler, sizler*, her qaysiliri* | siz, sizlar, senlar | siz |
6 | they (3pl) | | ular | ular | olar |
7 | this | | bu | bu | bū |
8 | that | | u | shu, o'sha | ol |
9 | here | | bu yerde | bu yerda, bu yoqda, bu yonda | mundā |
10 | there | | u yerde | u yerda, u yoqda, u yonda | andā |
11 | who | | kim | kim | kim |
12 | what | | nëme | nima, na | nē, nemē, negǖ, qayū |
13 | where | | qeyerde | qayerda, qayda | qandā, qayūdā, qanï̄ |
14 | when | | qachan, qanchide, nechchide | qachon | qačan |
15 | how | | qandaq | qalay, qanday, nechik | neteg |
16 | not | *ermeŕ | yoq, emes | emas, yo'q | yōq, ermēs |
17 | all | *bütün, *kamug | hemme*, barche, pütün, barliq | barcha, hamma, butun, bari, borliq | qamuɣ, barčā |
18 | many | *ȫküĺ | köp | koʻp | köp, üküš |
19 | some | | bir qanche*, azraq*, bezi* | bir necha, bir qancha, ba'zi, ayrim | |
20 | few | | az | oz, kam, picha | āz |
21 | other | | bashqa, özge, artuq | boshqa, o'zga | aδïn, aδruq, öŋī |
22 | one | *bīr | bir | bir | bīr |
23 | two | *ẹk(k)i | ikki | ikki | ikkī |
24 | three | *üč | üch | uch | üč |
25 | four | *tȫrt | töt | toʻrt | tȫrt |
26 | five | *bẹ̄ĺ(k) | besh | besh | bḗš |
27 | big | | chong*, yoghan, büyük, zor* | katta, buyuk, ulkan | bedük, uluɣ |
28 | long | *uŕak | uzun | uzun | uzun |
29 | wide | | keng | keng | keŋ, yasï̄ |
30 | thick | *kalïŋ | qëlin | qalin, yo'g'on | qalïn |
31 | heavy | | ëghir | ogʻir | aɣïr |
32 | small | *kičüg | kichik | kichkina, kichik | kičig, ušaq |
33 | short | | qisqa | qisqa | qïsɣā, qïrt |
34 | narrow | *tïgïŕ | tar | tor | tār |
35 | thin | *yiŋčge | inchike, yupqa | ingichka, yupqa, nozik | yinčgē, yuvqā |
36 | woman | *xātun, *kï̄ŕ | ayal* | ayol*, xotin, qiz | urāɣūt, išīlēr |
37 | man (adult male) | *ēr | er, erkek | erkak | er |
38 | man (human being) | | insan, kishi | kishi, odam, inson* | kišī |
39 | child | *bāla, *urug | bala | bola, chaqa | kenč |
40 | wife | | xotun*, ayal*, yoldash* | xotin, ayol, rafiqa | kis |
41 | husband | | yoldash*, er* | er, kuyov | bēg |
42 | mother | *apa | ana | ona, aya, oyi | anā, ebē |
43 | father | *ata | dada, ata | ota, ada | atā |
44 | animal | | haywan*, janliq* | hayvon, jonivor | |
45 | fish | *bālïk | bëliq | baliq | balïq |
46 | bird | | qush | qush | quš |
47 | dog | *köpek | it | it, kuchuk, ko'ppak | ït |
48 | louse | | pit | bit | bit |
49 | snake | *yï̄lan | yilan | ilon | yïlān |
50 | worm | | qurut | qurt | qurt |
51 | tree | *ïgač | derex*, yaghach* | daraxt, yogʻoch* | yïɣač |
52 | forest | *orman | orman, janggal | oʻrmon, toʻqay | |
53 | stick | | choqmaq, tayaq*, soyla*, chiwiq* | yogʻoch, tayoq | čïbïq |
54 | fruit | | mewe*, yel-yëmish | meva | yémiš |
55 | seed | *urluk, *urug | uruq, tuxum* | urugʻ, tuxum | uruɣ |
56 | leaf | *yapurgak, *bür | yopurmaq, yapraq | yaproq, barg | yapurɣāq |
57 | root | *kök | yiltiz, tüp | ildiz, tomir | kök, tǖp, yïldïz |
58 | bark (of a tree) | | qowzaq | qobiq, qobuq | qās |
59 | flower | *čeček | gül*, chëchek* | gul, chechak | čeček |
60 | grass | | ot, ot-chöp, chöp | oʻt, oʻlan | ot |
61 | rope | | arqan, arghamcha | arqon, ip, bog' | yïp, uruq |
62 | skin | *tẹri | tëre | teri | terī |
63 | meat | | gösh*, et* | goʻsht, et | et |
64 | blood | *kiān | qan | qon | qān |
65 | bone | | söngek | suyak | süŋük |
66 | fat (noun) | *semiŕ, *yāg | yagh, may | yogʻ, moy | yāɣ, ǖz, čïr |
67 | egg | *yumurtka | tuxum | tuxum, yumurtqa | yumurtɣā |
68 | horn | *burgu | münggüz | shox, muguz, shox | müŋüz |
69 | tail | *kudruk | quyruq | dum, quyruq | quδruq |
70 | feather | *tǖk | pey | jun, tuk, pat | yǖg, tǖ* |
71 | hair | *s(i)ač, *kïl | chach*, tük, qil* | soch, qil, yol* | sač, qïl, tǖ |
72 | head | *baĺč | bash | bosh | baš |
73 | ear | *kulkak | qulaq | quloq | qulaq, qulqaq |
74 | eye | | köz | koʻz | kȫz |
75 | nose | | burun | burun | burun |
76 | mouth | *āgïŕ | aghiz | ogʻiz | aɣïz |
77 | tooth | *tīĺ | chish | tish | tï̄š |
78 | tongue (organ) | *til | til | til | tïl |
79 | fingernail | | tirnaq, tiymaq | tirnoq | tïrŋaq |
80 | foot | *adak | ayaq | oyoq | aδaq |
81 | leg | *būt | put | oyoq, put | būt |
82 | knee | *topïk | tiz | tizza | tīz |
83 | hand | *elig | qol | qoʻl | elig |
84 | wing | | qanat | qanot | qanat |
85 | belly | *kạrïn | qorsaq, qarin* | qorin | qarïn |
86 | guts | | üchey* | ichak | baɣïrsuq |
87 | neck | | boyun | boʻyin | boyïn |
88 | back | *kerü, *arka | arqa | orqa | arqā, učā |
89 | breast | | emchek*, kökrek*, tösh*, köksi* | emchak | kögüz, emig |
90 | heart | *yürek | yürek | yurak | yürek, köŋül |
91 | liver | | jiger*, bëghir | jigar | baɣïr |
92 | to drink | *ič- | ichmek | ichmoq | ičmēk |
93 | to eat | | yimek, yëmek | yemoq | yḗmēk |
94 | to bite | | chishlimek | tishlamoq | ïsïrmāq, tišlēmēk |
95 | to suck | *em-, *simü- | emmek*, shorimaq* | emmoq, soʻrmoq | اماك, sōrmāq |
96 | to spit | | tükürmek | tuplamoq | soδmāq |
97 | to vomit | | qusmaq | qusmoq | qusmāq, yanmāq |
98 | to blow | *ür- | püwdimek | esmoq | esmēk |
99 | to breathe | | nepes almaq, dem almaq | nafas olmoq, dam chiqalmoq | tïnmāq |
100 | to laugh | | külmek | kulmoq | külmēk, qatɣurmāq |
101 | to see | *kör- | körmek | koʻrmoq | körmēk |
102 | to hear | | anglimaq | eshitmoq | ešitmēk |
103 | to know | *bil- | bilmek | bilmoq | bilmēk |
104 | to think | | oylimaq, pikir qilmaq | oʻylamoq | ȫmēk, saqïnmāq |
105 | to smell | | purimaq* | isqamoq* | yïδlāmāq |
106 | to fear | | qorqmaq | qoʻrqmoq | qorqmāq |
107 | to sleep | *ūdï- | uxlimaq | uxlamoq | uδï̄māq, yatmāq |
108 | to live | | yashimaq | yashamoq | yašāmāq |
109 | to die | *öl- | ölmek | oʻlmoq | ölmēk, kečmēk |
110 | to kill | | öltürmek | oʻldirmoq | öldürmēk |
111 | to fight | | soqushmaq, urushmaq | urushmoq*, qurashmoq* | savašmāq, čalïšmāq, süŋüšmēk, urušmāq |
112 | to hunt | | owlimaq | ovlamoq | avlāmāq |
113 | to hit | *ur- | urmaq | urmoq | urmāq, qaqmāq |
114 | to cut | | kesmek, qiymaq* | kesmoq | kesmēk, bïčmāq, qïymāq, ormāq |
115 | to split | *yār- | yarmaq | yormoq | yarmāq, yermēk, aδïrmāq, sökmēk |
116 | to stab | | tiqmaq*, sanjimaq, pichaqlimaq | sanchmoq, tiqmoq | sančmāq, suqmāq |
117 | to scratch | | tirnaqlimaq | tirnamoq | qašï̄māq, ezmēk |
118 | to dig | *kaŕ- | kolimaq, qazmaq | qazimoq | qazmāq, qazï̄māq, üšēmēk, üŋmēk |
119 | to swim | | su üzmek | suzmoq | yüzmēk, čapmāq |
120 | to fly | *uč- | uchmaq | uchmoq | učmāq, teŋmēk |
121 | to walk | *yüri- | mangmaq, yürmek | yurmoq, bormoq, kezmoq | yorï̄māq |
122 | to come | *kẹl- | kelmek | kelmoq | kelmēk |
123 | to lie (as in a bed) | *yat- | yatmaq | yotmoq | yatmāq |
124 | to sit | *oltur- | olturmaq | oʻtirmoq | olturmāq |
125 | to stand | | turmaq | turmoq | turmāq |
126 | to turn (intransitive) | | burimaq, örümek*, aylandurmaq, pëqiratmaq | burmoq | evürmēk, čevürmēk, tevürmēk |
127 | to fall | | chüshmek, yiqilmaq, ghulimaq | tushmoq, yiqilmoq | tüšmēk, učmāq |
128 | to give | *bēr- | bermek | bermoq | bḗrmēk |
129 | to hold | | tutmaq | tutmoq | tutmāq |
130 | to squeeze | | qismaq, siqmaq | siqmoq, qismoq | sïkmāq |
131 | to rub | | sürkimek | ishqalamoq, surtmoq* | sürtmēk, türtmēk, yaqmāq |
132 | to wash | *yu(b)- | yuymaq | yuvmoq | |
133 | to wipe | | sürtmek | artmoq | |
134 | to pull | | tartmaq | choʻzmoq, tortmoq | |
135 | to push | | ittermek | itarmoq, turtmoq | |
136 | to throw | | tashlimaq, atmaq | otmoq*, tashlamoq* | |
137 | to tie | | baghlimaq | bogʻlamoq | |
138 | to sew | | tikmek | tikmoq | |
139 | to count | | sanimaq | sanamoq | |
140 | to say | *āy- | dëmek, ëytmaq | aytmoq, demoq* | |
141 | to sing | | naxsha ëytmaq, sayrimaq | ashula aytmoq, kuylamoq | |
142 | to play | | oynimaq | oʻynamoq | |
143 | to float | | leylimek*, üzmek, lepildimek* | suzmoq | |
144 | to flow | *ak- | aqmaq | oqmoq | |
145 | to freeze | | tonglimaq | muzlamoq, toʻngmoq | |
146 | to swell | | köpmek*, qaparmaq*, ishshimaq | shishmoq | |
147 | sun | *küneĺ | kün, quyash* | quyosh, kun | kün |
148 | moon | *āń(k) | ay | oy | āy |
149 | star | *yulduŕ | yultuz | yulduz | yulduz |
150 | water | *sub | su | suv | sūv |
151 | rain | *yagmur | yamghur | yomgʻir | yaɣmur |
152 | river | | derya* | daryo | ögüz |
153 | lake | *kȫl | köl | koʻl | kȫl |
154 | sea | *teŋiŕ | dëngiz | dengiz | teŋiz, kȫl |
155 | salt | | tuz | tuz | tūz |
156 | stone | *tiāĺ | tash | tosh | tāš |
157 | sand | *kum | qum | qum | qum |
158 | dust | *tōz, *tōzan | chang, tozang | chang | tōz, toprāq |
159 | earth | *yẹr | topa, tupraq, yër | tuproq | toprāq, yḗr |
160 | cloud | *bulït | bulut | bulut | bulït |
161 | fog | | tuman | tuman | tumān, būs |
162 | sky | *teŋri | asman*, kök* | koʻk, osmon* | teŋrī, kȫk |
163 | wind | *yẹl | shamal*, shelkin shamal* | yel | yḗl, esin |
164 | snow | | qar | qor | qār |
165 | ice | *būŕ | muz | muz | būz |
166 | smoke | *tuman | tütün, is | tutun | tütün, ïš |
167 | fire | *ōt | ot, atesh* | olov, oʻt | ōt |
168 | ash | *kül | kül | kul | kül |
169 | to burn | *tam- | köymek, yanmaq | yonmoq | |
170 | road | *yōl | yol | yoʻl | |
171 | mountain | *tāg, *k(i)aya | tagh | togʻ | |
172 | red | *kïŕïl | qizil | qizil | |
173 | green | | yëshil | yashil | |
174 | yellow | *siarïg | sëriq | sariq | |
175 | white | *ürüŋ, *āk | aq | oq | |
176 | black | *kara, *qara | qara, siyah reng* | qora, siyoh | |
177 | night | | tün, këche*, këch* | tun, kecha* | |
178 | day | *kün | kün | kun | |
179 | year | *yāĺ, *yïl | yil | yil | |
180 | warm | *yïlïg | illiq, ilman | iliq | |
181 | cold | *sogïk | sogh, soghuq | sovuq | |
182 | full | | toluq | toʻq, toʻla | |
183 | new | *yaŋï | yëngi | yangi | |
184 | old | | kona*, eski* | eski, qari | |
185 | good | *edgü | yaxshi, yaramliq, izgü* | yaxshi | |
186 | bad | | yaman, yaramsiz, nachar, osal | yomon | |
187 | rotten | | chirik, chirigen | chirik | |
188 | dirty | | kir, meynet*, paskina | kir | |
189 | straight | *tüŕ | udul, tüz | toʻgʻri, tik* | |
190 | round | | domlaq, yumilaq | dumaloq, yumaloq* | |
191 | sharp (as a knife) | | keskin, ötkür, ittik | oʻtkir | yitig |
192 | dull (as a knife) | | ötmes, qashang | oʻtmas | |
193 | smooth | | tekshi*, siliq | tekis, silliq | yaprï̄, alaŋ |
194 | wet | | höl, nem | hoʻl, nam | ȫl |
195 | dry | | quruq, qurghaq | quruq, qurgʻoq | quruɣ |
196 | correct | | toghra, durus | toʻgʻri | čï̄n |
197 | near | | yëqin | yaqin | yaqïn, yaɣūq |
198 | far | *uŕak | yiraq, uzaq | uzoq, olis* | yïrāq |
199 | right | | ong | oʻng | oŋ |
200 | left | | sol | chap | sōl |
201 | at | | -دا/-دە/-تا/-تە | -da | -dē, -dā |
202 | in | | ichide, ichre*, -دا/-دە/-تا/-تە | -da | ičindē, ičrē, -dē, -dā |
203 | with | | bilen | bilan | birlē |
204 | and | | we*, hem, yene | va | taqï̄, yemē |
205 | if | | -سا/-سە, eger* | agar | ersē, -sē, -sā, apaŋ |
206 | because | | -ghachqa, -gechke, -qachqa, -kech, chünki* | chunki | üčün |
207 | name | *āt | at, isim*, nam* | ism, nom, ot | āt |