Appendix:South Slavic Swadesh lists

This is a Swadesh list of South Slavic languages, specifically Old Church Slavonic, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Slovene and Serbo-Croatian, compared with that of English.

№	English	Old Church Slavonic словѣньскъ (slověnĭskŭ) edit (187)	Bulgarian български (bǎlgarski) edit (207)	Macedonian македонски (makedonski) edit (207)	Slovene slovenščina edit (207)	Serbo-Croatian edit (207)
1	I (1sg)	azŭ	az	jas	jaz	ja
2	you (2sg)	ty	ti	ti	ti	ti
3	he, she, it (3sg)	onŭ, tŭ	toj	toj, taa, toa	on, ona, ono	on, ona, ono
4	we (1pl)	my	nie	nie	mi, me	mi
5	you (2pl)	vy	vie	vie	vi, ve	vi
6	they (3pl)	oni, ti	te	tie	oni, one	oni, one, ona
7	this	ovŭ, sĭ	tova	ova	ta, to	ovaj, taj
8	that	tŭ, ta, to	onova	ona	tisti, tista, tisto	taj, onaj
9	here	sĭde, ovŭde	tuk	tuka, ovde	tu, tukaj	ovde, ovdje
10	there	tu, onŭde	tam	tamu	tam	tamo
11	who	kŭto	koj	koj	kdo	ko, tko
12	what	čĭto	kakǎv	što	kaj	što, šta
13	where	kŭde	kǎde	kade	kje	gde, gdje
14	when	kŭgda	koga	koga	kdaj	kada
15	how	kako, jako	kak	kako	kako	kako
16	not	ne	ne	ne	ne	ne
17	all	vĭsĭ	vsički, cjal, celijat	site	vse	sav
18	many	mŭnogŭ	mnogo	mnogu	veliko, mnogo	mnogo
19	some	několiko	njakolko	nekolku	nekoliko, nekaj	nekoliko
20	few	maly	malko	malku	malo	malo
21	other	inŭ	drug	drug	drugi	drugi
22	one	jedinŭ	edno	eden	ena	jedan
23	two	dŭva	dve	dva	dva, dve	dva
24	three	trije	tri	tri	tri	tri
25	four	četyre	četiri	četiri	štiri	četiri
26	five	pętĭ	pet	pet	pet	pet
27	big	velikŭ	goljam	golem	velik	velik
28	long	dlĭgŭ	dǎlǎg	dolg	dolg	dug
29	wide	širokŭ	širok	širok	širok	širok
30	thick	debelŭ	plǎten, debel	debel, gust	debel	debeo
31	heavy	tęžĭkŭ	težǎk	težok	težek, težak	težak
32	small	malŭ	malǎk, dreben	mal	majhen	mali
33	short	kratŭkŭ	kǎs, kratǎk	kus, kratok	kratek	kratak
34	narrow	ǫzŭkŭ	tesen	tesen	ozek	uzak
35	thin	tĭnŭkŭ	slab, tǎnǎk	slab, tenok	tanek	tanak
36	woman	žena	žena	žena	ženska	žena
37	man (adult male)	mǫžĭ	mǎž	maž	moški	muškarac
38	man (human being)	člověkŭ	čovek	čovek	človek	čovek, čovjek
39	child	dětĭ, otrokŭ	dete	dete	otrok, dete	dete, dijete
40	wife	žena	sǎpruga	žena, sopruga	žena	žena, supruga
41	husband	mǫžĭ	sǎprug	maž, soprug	mož	muž, suprug
42	mother	mati	majka	majka	mati	mati, majka
43	father	otĭcĭ	bašta, tatko	tatko	oče	otac
44	animal	zvěrĭ	životno	životno	žival	životinja, zver, zvjer
45	fish	ryba	riba	riba	riba	riba
46	bird	pŭtica	ptica	ptica	ptič, ptica	ptica
47	dog	pĭsŭ	kuče, pes, pse	kuče, pes	pes	pas
48	louse	vŭšĭ	vǎška	voška	uš	uš, vaš
49	snake	zmija	zmija	zmija	kača	zmija, gad
50	worm	črĭvĭ	červej	crv	črv	crv, glista
51	tree	drěvo	dǎrvo	drvo	drevo	drvo
52	forest	lěsŭ	gora, les	šuma	gozd	šuma
53	stick	palica	prǎčka, sǎčka, klonče, klečka, strǎk	stap, pračka	palica	štap, prut, palica
54	fruit	ovošte	plod	ovošje, plod	plod, sadež	voće, plod
55	seed	sěmę	seme	seme	seme	seme, sjeme
56	leaf	listŭ	listo, list	list	list	list
57	root	korenĭ	koren	koren	koren	koren, korijen
58	bark (of a tree)	kora	kora	kora	skorja	kora
59	flower	cvětŭ	cvete	cvet	roža, cvet	cvet, cvijet
60	grass	trava	treva	treva	trava	trava
61	rope	vĭrvĭ	vǎže	jaže, konop	vrv	uže, konopac
62	skin	koža	koža	koža	koža	koža
63	meat	męso	meso	meso	meso	meso
64	blood	kry, ruda	krǎv	krv	kri	krv
65	bone	kostĭ	kokal, kost	koska	kost	kost
66	fat (noun)	tukŭ	maznina, tlǎstina, mas, loj	mast, salo	maščoba	mast, salo
67	egg	aice	jajce	jajce	jajce	jaje
68	horn	rogŭ	rog	rog	rog	rog
69	tail	opašŭ, xvostŭ	opaška	opaška	rep	rep
70	feather	perie	pero	perduv	pero	pero
71	hair	vlasŭ	kosa, kosǎm	kosa*, vlakno*	lasje	kosa, dlaka, vlas
72	head	glava	glava	glava	glava	glava
73	ear	uxo	uho	uvo	uho	uho, uvo
74	eye	oko	oko	oko	oko	oko
75	nose	nosŭ	nos	nos	nos	nos
76	mouth	usta	usta	usta	usta	usta
77	tooth	zǫbŭ	zǎb	zab	zob	zub
78	tongue (organ)	językŭ	ezik	jazik	jezik	jezik
79	fingernail	nogŭtĭ	nokǎt	nokt	noht	nokat
80	foot	stopa	krak, stǎpalo, hodilo, noga	stapalo	noga, stopalo	stopa, stopalo
81	leg	noga	krak	noga	noga	noga
82	knee	kolěno	koljano	koleno	koleno	koleno, koljeno
83	hand	rǫka	rǎka	raka	roka	ruka, šaka
84	wing	krilo	krilo	krilo	krilo, perut	krilo
85	belly	črěvo	korem, tǎrbuh	stomak	trebuh	stomak, trbuh
86	guts	ǫtroba, črěvo	vǎtrešnosti, červa	creva	drobovje	crevo, crijevo
87	neck	šię	vrat, šija	vrat	vrat	vrat, šija
88	back	xrebetŭ	grǎb, gǎrbina	grb	hrbet	leđa
89	breast	prĭsi	grǎd, gǎrda	grada	prsi, nedra	grudi, prsa
90	heart	srĭdĭce	sǎrce	srce	srce	srce
91	liver		čeren drob	džiger, crn drob	jetra	jetra
92	to drink	piti	pija	pie	piti	piti
93	to eat	jasti	jam	jade	jesti	jesti
94	to bite	xapati	hapja, griza	kasa, grize	gristi	ujesti, ugristi
95	to suck	sŭsati	suča	cica	sesati	sisati
96	to spit	plĭvati	pljuja	pluka	pljuvati	pljuvati
97	to vomit	blĭvati	povrǎštam, bǎlvam	povraḱa, blue	bruhati, bljuvati	povraćati
98	to blow	duxati	duham	duva	pihati	duvati, puhati
99	to breathe	dyxati	dišam	diše, vdišuva	dihati	disati
100	to laugh	smijati	smeja se	se smee	smejati se	smejati se, smijati se
101	to see	viděti	viždam	gleda	videti	videti, vidjeti
102	to hear	slyšati	čuvam, slušam	sluša	slišati	čuti
103	to know	věděti, znati	znaja	znae	vedeti	znati
104	to think	mysliti	mislja	misli, pomisluva	misliti	misliti
105	to smell		miriša, duša	mirisa, smrdi, duši	vohati	njušiti, mirisati
106	to fear	bojati	strahuvam se, boja se, opasjavam se	plaši	bati se	plašiti, bojati se, strahovati
107	to sleep	sŭpati	spja	spie	spati	spavati
108	to live	žiti	živeja	živee	živeti	živeti, živjeti
109	to die	umrěti	umiram	umira	umreti	umreti, umrijeti
110	to kill	ubiti	ubivam	ubiva	ubiti	ubiti, usmrtiti
111	to fight	brati	bija se	bie, tepa, bori	boriti se	tući, boriti se
112	to hunt	loviti	lovuvam	lovi	loviti	loviti
113	to hit	udariti	udrjam	udira, čuka	udariti	udarati
114	to cut	sěšti, rězati	reža, seka	seče, reže, skratuva	rezati	seći, sjeći, sići, rezati
115	to split		cepja	podeluva, rascepuva	razcepiti, razdvojiti	deliti, dijeliti
116	to stab	bosti	promušvam, proboždam, narǎgvam	uboduva	zabosti, zbosti	ubosti
117	to scratch	česati	draskam, draštja, češa	grebe, češa	praskati	češati
118	to dig	kopati	kopaja, rovja	kopa	kopati	kopati
119	to swim	plavati	pluvam	pliva	plavati	plivati
120	to fly	letěti	letja	leta	leteti	leteti, letjeti
121	to walk	xoditi	vǎrvja, hodja	šeta, odi	hoditi	hodati
122	to come		idvam, pristigam, dohoždam	doaǵa	priti	dolaziti
123	to lie (as in a bed)	ležati	leža*	leži*	ležati	ležati
124	to sit	sěděti	sedja*	sedi*	sedeti	sedeti, sjediti
125	to stand	stati	stoja*	stoi*	stati	stajati
126	to turn (intransitive)		zavivam	vrti, zavrtuva	obrniti	skrenuti
127	to fall	pasti, padati	padam	paǵa	pasti	pasti
128	to give	dati, dajati	davam	dava	dati	dati
129	to hold	drĭžati	dǎrža	drži	držati	držati
130	to squeeze		izceždam, izstiskvam	stiska	stiskati	stisnuti, steći
131	to rub	trĭti	trija, tǎrkam	trie	drgniti	trljati
132	to wash	myti	mija	mie	umivati	prati
133	to wipe		bǎrša, trija, tǎrkam	briše	brisati	brisati
134	to pull		dǎrpam, teglja, vlača	vleče	vleči	vući
135	to push		butam, blǎskam, tikam, tlaskam	turka, butka	potisniti, suniti	gurati
136	to throw		hvǎrljam, mjatam	frla	vreči	baciti, vrgnuti
137	to tie	vęzati	vrǎzvam, zavǎrzvam	vrzuva	vezati	vezati
138	to sew		šija	šie	šivati	šiti
139	to count		broja, smjatam, izčisljavam	broi	šteti	brojati, brojiti
140	to say	rešti	kazvam	veli, kažuva	reči	reći, kazati
141	to sing	pěti	peja	pee	peti	pevati, pjevati
142	to play	igrati	igraja	igra	igrati	igrati
143	to float		plavam	plovi	plavati	plutati, ploviti
144	to flow	tešti	teka	teče	teči	teći
145	to freeze	pomrŭznǫti	zamrǎzvam, zamrazjavam, zaledjavam	zaleduva, zamrznuva	zamrzniti	zalediti, smrznuti
146	to swell		poduvam se, otičam	otekuva, nababruva	oteči	oteći, nabreknuti
147	sun	slŭnĭce	slǎnce	sonce	sonce	sunce
148	moon	měsęcĭ, luna	luna, mesečina, mesec	mesečina	luna	mesec, mjesec
149	star	zvězda	zvezda	dzvezda	zvezda	zvezda, zvijezda
150	water	voda	voda	voda	voda	voda
151	rain	dŭždĭ	dǎžd	dožd	dež	dažd, kiša
152	river	rěka	reka	reka	reka	reka, rijeka
153	lake	jezerŭ	ezero	ezero	jezero	jezero
154	sea	morje	more	more	morje	more
155	salt	solĭ	sol	sol	sol	sol, so
156	stone	kamy	kamǎk	kamen	kamen	kamen, stena, stijena
157	sand	pěsŭkŭ	pjasǎk	pesok	pesek	pesak, pijesak
158	dust	praxŭ	prah	prašina	prah	prah
159	earth	zemlja	zemja, suša	zemja	zemlja	zemlja
160	cloud	oblakŭ	oblak	oblak	oblak	oblak
161	fog	mĭgla	mǎgla	magla	megla	magla
162	sky	nebo	nebe	nebo	nebo	nebo
163	wind	větrŭ	vjatǎr	veter	veter	vetar, vjetar
164	snow	sněgŭ	snjag	sneg	sneg	sneg, snijeg
165	ice	ledŭ	led	mraz, led	led	led
166	smoke	dymŭ	pušek, dim	dim, čad	dim	dim
167	fire	ognĭ	ogǎn	ogan	ogenj	vatra
168	ash		pepel	pepel	pepel	pepeo
169	to burn	gorěti	gorja	gori	žgati	goreti, gorjeti
170	road	pǫtĭ	pǎt	pat	cesta	put, cesta
171	mountain	gora	planina	planina	gora	gora, planina
172	red	črŭvenŭ	červen	crven	rdeč	crven, rud
173	green	zelenŭ	zelen	zelen	zelen	zelen
174	yellow		žǎlt	žolt	rumen	žut
175	white	bělŭ	bjal	bel	bel	beo, bijel, bio
176	black	črŭnŭ	čeren	crn	črn	crn
177	night	noštĭ	nošt	noḱ	noč	noć
178	day	dĭnĭ	den	den	dan	dan
179	year	lěto	godina	godina	leto	godina, leto, ljeto
180	warm	toplŭ	topǎl	topol	topel	topao
181	cold	xladĭnŭ, studenŭ	studen, hladen	studen, laden	hladen	hladan
182	full	isplĭnĭ	pǎlen, cjal	poln	poln	pun
183	new	novŭ	nov	nov	nov	nov
184	old	starŭ	star	star	star	star
185	good	dobrŭ	dobǎr	dobar	dober	dobar
186	bad	zŭlŭ	loš	loš	slab	loš
187	rotten		gnil	gnil	gnil	truo, gnjio
188	dirty		mrǎsen, nečist	valkan, nečist	umazan	prljav
189	straight	pravŭ, ravĭnŭ	prav, prjak	prav	raven	prav, ravan
190	round		krǎgǎl	trkalest, trkalezen, kružen	okrogel	obao, okrugao
191	sharp (as a knife)	ostrŭ	ostǎr	ostar	oster	oštar
192	dull (as a knife)		tǎp	tap	top	tup
193	smooth	gladŭkŭ	gladǎk	mazen	gladek	gladak
194	wet	mokrŭ	mokǎr, vlažen	mokar, vlažen, voden	moker	mokar
195	dry	suxŭ	suh	suv	suh	suh, suv
196	correct	pravŭ	pravilen, veren, točen	točen, pravilen	pravilen	tačan, točan
197	near	blizŭ	blizǎk	blizok	bližnji	blizak
198	far	dalĭnii, dalĭnŭ	dalečen	dalečen	oddaljen	dalek
199	right	desnŭ, pravŭ	desen	desno	desni	desni
200	left	lěvŭ	ljav	levo	levi	levi, lijevi
201	at	u, pri	do, na	do, na, kaj	pri	kod
202	in	vŭ	v, u	vo	v	u
203	with	sŭ	s	so	s, z	s, sa
204	and	i	i	i	in	i
205	if	ašte	ako	ako	če, ako	ako
206	because	ponʹeže	zaštoto, poneže, tǎj kato	bidejḱi, zatoa što	ker	zato, radi, jer
207	name	imę	ime	ime	ime	ime

Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Abinomn Afrikaans Albanian Amdo Tibetan Amharic Antillean Creole Arabic Standard Arabic Cypriot Egyptian Moroccan Palestinian Tunisian Armenian Aromanian Assamese Asturian Avar Azerbaijani Bangala Bashkir Basque Belarusian Bengali Berber Moroccan Amazigh Tashelhit Central Atlas Tamazight Betawi Big Nambas Bikol Central Breton Buginese Bulgarian Burmese Burushaski Cape Verdean Catalan Cebuano Chamorro Chavacano Chechen Chinese Mandarin Sichuanese Standard Nanjingnese Cantonese Gan Hakka Min Min Nan Min Dong Old Chinese Wu Shanghainese Suzhounese Xiang Cornish Crimean Tatar Czech Old Czech Dalmatian Danish Dutch Limburgish Zealandic Egyptian English Old Middle Elamite Estonian Etruscan Fanagalo Faroese Fiji Hindi Fijian Finnish Fongbe French Old French Frisian Friulian Galician Garo Gelao Georgian German Gothic Greek Ancient Greek Guaraní Guinea-Bissau Creole Gujarati Haitian Creole Hausa Hawaiian Hebrew Biblical Hebrew Modern Hebrew Hiligaynon Hindi Hittite Hmong Hungarian Icelandic Ilocano Indonesian Ingush Irish Italian Lombard Ligurian Neapolitan Sicilian Japanese Javanese Jeju Jizhao Kannada Kangean Kapampangan Kashubian Kazakh Khmer Kinaray-a Komi-Zyrian Konkani Korean Middle Korean Kurmanji Kyrgyz Latin Vulgar Latin Latvian Lingala Lithuanian Low Saxon Sallaands Lower Sorbian Macedonian Maguindanao Makasar Malagasy Malay Malayalam Maltese Mandaic Manx Māori Maranao Marathi Old Marathi Mauritian Creole Megleno-Romanian Mongolian Murui Huitoto Musi Navajo Nepali Norwegian Bokmål Nynorsk Occitan Ojibwe Okinawan Osing Ossetian Papiamento Pashto Persian Old Persian Middle Persian Polish Old Polish Portuguese Old Portuguese Punjabi Purepecha Quechua Romani Caló Romanian Russian Rusyn Sambali Sanskrit Saraiki Scottish Gaelic Serbo-Croatian Siberian Tatar Slovak Slovene Somali Spanish Sranan Sumerian Sundanese Swahili Swedish Tagalog Tahitian Tajik Tamil Tatar Telugu Temiar Tigrinya Thai Tocharian B Tok Pisin Turkish Turkmen Tuvaluan Ukrainian Upper Sorbian Urdu Uyghur Uzbek Vietnamese Walloon Waray-Waray Welsh West Coast Bajau Wutunhua Wyandot Yiddish Zazaki Zulu
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Afroasiatic Algonquian and Iroquoian Arabic Austroasiatic Austronesian Baltic Bantu Berber Celtic Chumashan and Hokan Dené–Yeniseian Dravidian Finnic Formosan Frisian Germanic Hmong-Mien Indo-Aryan Middle Early New Indo-Iranian Italian Japonic Kra–Dai Mayan Muskogean Niger–Congo Northeast Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Oto-Manguean Paleosiberian Pama-Nyungan Penutian Romance Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Raji-Raute Tibeto-Burman Tibeto-Burman (Nepal) Kho-Bwa Kuki-Chin Slavic Siouan and Pawnee South American Tungusic Tupian Turkic Uralic Uto-Aztecan
Constructed languages
Esperanto Ido Interlingua Interlingue Klingon Láadan Lingua Franca Nova Lingwa de Planeta (Lidepla) Lojban Novial Toki Pona Volapük
Reconstructed proto-languages
Proto-Austronesian Proto-Balto-Slavic Proto-Bantu Proto-Basque Proto-Celtic Proto-Germanic Proto-Hellenic Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-Iranian Proto-Italic Proto-Japanese Proto-Mayan Proto-Slavic Proto-Turkic Proto-West Germanic
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