Appendix:English–French relations

This appendix contains relations between the languages English and French.

Cognates and other similar words with the same meaning

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At least one meaning is the same.

Identical spelling

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Countries and regions

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Diacritics, capitalisation, hyphens, spaces

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Differences: diacritics, capitalisation, hyphens, spaces

Infinitive ending e/er

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Differences: infinitive ending e/er, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending -/er

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Differences: infinitive ending -/er, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending -/re

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Differences: infinitive ending -/re, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending -/ir

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Differences: infinitive ending -/ir, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending e/ir

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Differences: infinitive ending e/ir, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending ish/ir

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Differences: infinitive ending ish/ir, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending y/ier

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Differences: infinitive ending y/ier, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending de/ser

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Differences: infinitive ending de/ser, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending ate/er

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Differences: infinitive ending ate/er, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending cate/quer

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Differences: infinitive ending cate/quer, diacritics, capitalisation

Infinitive ending (ize or ise)/iser

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Differences: (ize or ise)/iser, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending ism/isme

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Differences: ending ism/isme, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending ist/iste

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Differences: ending ist/iste, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending -/e

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Differences: ending -/e, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending a/e

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Differences: ending a/e, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending e/-

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Differences: ending e/-, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending y/ie

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Differences: ending y/ie, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending y/ie, other differences

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Differences: ending y/ie, other differences

Ending ty/té

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Differences: ending ty/té, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending ty/té, other differences

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Differences: ending ty/té, other differences

Ending ia/ie

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Differences: ending ia/ie, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending ia/ie, other differences

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Differences: ending ia/ie, other differences

Ending or/eur

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Differences: ending eur/or, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending or/eur, other differences

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Differences: ending eur/or, other differences

Ending ian/ien

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Differences: ending ian/ien, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending al/el

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Differences: ending al/el, diacritics, capitalisation

Ending ive/if

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Differences: ending ive/if, diacritics, capitalisation

Adjective ending ic/ique

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Differences: adjective ending ic/ique, diacritics, capitalisation

Adjective ending ical/ique

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Differences: adjective ending ical/ique, diacritics, capitalisation

Double letters in the English word

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Differences: double letters in the English word, diacritics, capitalisation

Double letters in the French word

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Differences: double letters in the French word, diacritics, capitalisation

Insert one letter

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Differences: insert one letter, diacritics, capitalisation

Remove one letter

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Differences: remove one letter, diacritics, capitalisation

Substitute one letter

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Differences: substitute one letter, diacritics, capitalisation

Exchange two neighbouring letters

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Differences: exchange two neighbouring letters, diacritics, capitalisation

Other similar words

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False friends

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Pseudo-loans and calques

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Pseudo-gallicisms in English

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Pseudo-anglicisms in French

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In some cases, French borrowed English words where it has a usage not found in English, or does not exist in English. This is particularly common in European French, but is generally frowned upon in Quebec French. Examples are:

One common form of forming pseudo-anglicism in French is adding the prefix -ing to words from English.

French calques from English

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While French has incorporated English words as either loanwords and pseudo-anglicisms, other have entered French as word-by-word or morpheme-by-morpheme translations of the English. This is particularly common in Canadian French. Examples are:

See also

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